辽宁省沈阳市2018_2019学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析） (2).docx

辽宁省沈阳市2018-2019学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1.本试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. How many people will visit New York for free?A. 2. B. 3. C. 5.2. What does the man advise the woman to do?A. See Mr. Smith. B. Check the letter. C. Type the letter again.3. Whats wrong with Jane?A. She misses her home very much.B. She hasnt received her mothers letter.C. She is worried about her mothers health.4. What does the man want to do?A. Learn to play baseball.B. Organize a baseball team.C. Find a baseball player.5. What does Susan mean?A. She had a date then.B. She will put off the meeting.C. She didnt have time to prepare the speech.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6. Why does the woman come to see Rick?A. To say goodbye. B. To ask for advice. C. To invite him to her home.7. Which country would the woman like to visit?A. Canada. B. France. C. Germany.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. The popularity of English.B. The study pressure on students.C. Attitudes towards learning foreign languages.9. What percentage of students are forced to learn a foreign language?A. About 21%. B. About 27%. C. About 35%.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10. What is the room like?A. Big but old. B. Big and new. C. Small but new.11. What will be arranged first?A. The chairs. B. The bed. C. The dressing table.12. Where will the chairs be put?A. Close to the window. B. In front of the fireplace. C. Behind the dressing table.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife. B. Father and daughter. C. Guide and tourist.14. Where is the bank?A. Next to the coffee shop. B. Opposite the museum. C. At the end of the road.15. What advice does the man give to the woman?A. Eating less chocolate.B. Keeping the table clean.C. Watching out for the traffic.16. How will the speakers go to the museum?A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By bike.听下面一段独白，回答第17和第20四个小题。17. Why did Murphy go to a doctor?A. He thought his wife was deaf.B. He wanted to get his hearing back.C. He couldnt make himself understood.18. What did the doctor tell Murphy to do?A. Stand about 15 meters from his wife.B. Ask his wife some serious questions.C. Talk to his wife in different distances.19. What was his wife doing when Murphy got back home?A. Watching TV. B. Cooking. C. Setting the table.20. Which of the following statement is most likely to be true?A. Bettys deafness was very serious.B. Murphy didnt like meat balls.C. Murphy was the one who was deaf.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThe Readers Digest Store brings you the very best products from trusted brands. Find the books you love and order them online. You can save 10% off your total purchase on orders over $20.Everyday Garden Solutions$15.99Quick OverviewThe Gardeners Problem Solver offers a wide range of gardening topics, from planting seedlings to how to kill pests. Each of these 500 most-commonly asked questions is answered by a panel of experts from the National Gardening Association.Stop & Drop Diet$15.99Quick OverviewWant to drop up to a pound a day? Stop feeling bad about your weight. And stop starving yourself. The Stop and Drop Diet offers a mix-and-match 3-phase meal plan thats designed for fast weight loss along with balanced nutrition for good health. You dont have to give up your favorite foods. Just follow this easy guide to lightening up by making little changes to your breakfast, lunch, and dinner!Better Health Can Be$23.99Quick OverviewBetter Health Can Be seeks to bring current research information to those of any age or gender on the quality of life that we all should strive for. You should read, learn, and then do it every day! It supplies you with the balanced supplements to take, foods to eat, information of certain foods, healthy, tasty recipes, a wine list that is good for you. Read, learn, and then, whoever you are, do it. You and your loved ones will live better lives!Mind Stretchers$10.99Quick OverviewActivate your thinking muscles. Its too easy just to turn on the TV and let the images of the day wash over us, leaving brain cells unchallenged and a bit sad. Keep your brain happy with this mind stretching collection of puzzles. Crosswords, word searches, logic and numerical gamesthey are all designed to inspire and stimulate the mind. So turn off TV and turn to Mind Stretchersyoull be entertained, learn new things, wake up your brain and its definitely more fun than watching the news.1. If Jim suffers from overweight, which book will he choose to read?A. Better Health Can BeB. Mind StretchersC. Everyday Garden SolutionsD. Stop & Drop Diet2. How much does it cost to order Better Health Can Be online?A. $14.39.B. $23.99.C. $21.59.D. $10.99.3. By reading Mind Stretchers, you can _.A. know more about gardeningB. exercise your mental musclesC. improve the quality of your lifeD. get a fast loss of your weight【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B【解析】【分析】本文为应用文。介绍了读者文摘商店推荐的四本书，介绍了其内容概述及在线订购的价格。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据Stop & Drop Diet部分中的“The Stop and Drop Diet offers a mix-and-match 3-phase meal plan thats designed for fast weight loss along with balanced nutrition for good health. You dont have to give up your favorite foods. Just follow this easy guide to lightening up by making little changes to your breakfast, lunch, and dinner!”可知，Stop and Drop Diet提供了一个混合搭配的膳食计划，旨在平衡营养的同时健康快速减肥。你不必放弃你最喜欢的食物。只需遵循这个简单的指南，通过对早餐、午餐和晚餐做一些小改动来减轻负担。所以如果吉姆是超重的话，可以选Stop & Drop Diet。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Better Health Can Be部分中的$23.99，以及第一段中You can save 10% off your total purchase on orders over $20.可知，Better Health Can Be单价超过$20，可以得到10%的折扣，所以是$21.59，选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Mind Stretchers部分中的Quick Overview Activate your thinking muscles. Activate your thinking muscles.可知，读了Mind Stretchers，可激活你的思维肌肉。其中的thinking“思维的，有思想的”与mental“思想的，智脑力的”二者是同义词。分析选项可知B符合题意。【点睛】新闻广告类材料是高考的必考题。其文句简练，信息量大，句式使用简单，表达方式多样，但阅读这类题目也是有规律可循的。此类文章主要考查学生提取信息和处理信息的能力。既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，也注重推理判断题的考查。答题时没有必要弄清每一句话，只要重点理解和题目有关的信息就可以了。宜采用“倒序法”来处理。即先看问题，后看文章内容，略读问题和选项，带问题阅读。这样在阅读中有重点，有针对性地读，冗余无效的信息可略读甚至是不读。在阅读时要特殊留意文中以黑体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示或是小标题等，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或至少是一部分关键性内容的概括。如第2小题题干为：How much does it cost to order Better Health Can Be online? 抓住题干中的 Better Health Can Be，直接跳读到本广告。找到Better Health Can Be $23.99，可知如果要订购 Better Health Can Be的话，只要$23.99，以及第一段中You can save 10% off your total purchase on orders over $20.可知，Better Health Can Be单价超过$20，可以得到10%的折扣，所以是$23.99-$2.399=$21.59，故选C。BIn 2000, Jodi had a lot going on: Not only was she working, but she was taking care of her husband, Kevin, who was suffering from Lou Gehrigs Disease (重症肌无力). Being a caretaker is never easy, and on one afternoon after Labor Day, her brother decided to cheer her up.“While a day at the beach sounded great, it was too much to ask from Kevin. A day at the beach was like running a marathonan extraordinary event. It would mean having help with us, keeping the wheelchair and medical equipment free of water and sand, it would mean keeping Kevin cool and comfortable, and it would mean a tough day for everyone involved. After work, I got home and I saw my brothers car. After asking me to wait before coming in, he covered my eyes with a scarf and took my hand. Once inside, he asked me to sit down and then took off my shoes and socks. My foot landed on something cool. I soon realized that my toes were sinking into sand. It was a beautiful morning and the sand felt cool and welcoming under my feet. Still blindfolded, Jamie then guided me to sit down on a towel. Then he sat behind me and held me in his arms. Seagulls flew in front of me. Mists of water touched my face.Here you go, said my brother, handing me a hot latte. We sat there, not needing to say anything. He embraced me while I sipped my coffee. What a miracle of love! I hadnt made it to the beach but my brother had brought the beach to me! It was the nicest thing that anyone had ever done for me. For 15 minutes, until Kevin woke and needed care as usual, I was at the beach. When this was over, my brother gently removed my blindfold. Now I could see where I really was. The patio (平台) was covered in sand. A CD player gave the sounds of the ocean. He had supported the hose on a bucket and the water was set to mist.With my eyes open, the beach was gone. But that memory, that sincere gesture of love and hope, kept me happy for a long time.”4. Which of the following made a day at the beach beyond reach?A. The terrible weather.B. Economic pressures.C. A lack of a wheelchair.D. Kevins physical condition.5. The underlined word in paragraph 3 may refer to the brand of _.A. dessertB. coffeeC. snacksD. tea6. What do we learn about Kevin?A. He was mentally disabled.B. He was crazy about the beach.C. He was used to taking a nap in the day.D. He planned a day at the beach for Jodi.7. In Jodis eyes, her brother was _.A. strong and optimisticB. considerate and caringC. loyal and friendlyD. honest and enthusiastic【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. B【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。Jodi在工作的同时还要照顾有病的丈夫，这让她无法去海滩。她的哥哥为她在露台上铺上沙子，用CD播放海的声音，创造出一种海滩的氛围。蒙着眼睛的Jodi在哥哥爱的拥抱中喝着热咖啡，享受着哥哥为她创造的海洋及海滩。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章的内容可知，Jodi在工作的同时还要照顾患有重症肌无力的丈夫。所以去海滩极为麻烦，是她无法做到的。因为不仅轮椅和医疗设备要远离水和沙子，还必须让Kevin保持凉爽和舒适，这需要别人的帮助。因此，由于Kevin的身体状况使得在海滩上度过一天是很难做到的。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Here you go, said my brother, handing me a hot latte. We sat there, not needing to say anything. He embraced me while I sipped my coffee.”中的后一句，可判断出她的哥哥递给她的是一杯热咖啡。分析选项可知B项符合题意，故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“For 15 minutes, until Kevin woke and needed care as usual, I was at the beach.”可知，作者在海滩上待了15分钟，直到Kevin像往常一样醒来需要照顾。根据句中的“as usual”，由此可推断跟平常一样，就是说Kevin平常习惯白天小睡，分析选项可知C符合题意，故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。文章的内容可知，Jodi在工作的同时还要照顾有病的丈夫，这让她无法去海滩。她的哥哥为她在露台上铺上沙子，用CD播放海的声音，创造出一种海滩的氛围。蒙着眼睛的Jodi在哥哥的拥抱中喝着热咖啡，享受着哥哥为她创造的海洋及海滩。文中的哥哥帮蒙着眼睛的Jodi脱鞋子和袜子，领着Jodi进屋等情节，根据这一切可推断出，她的哥哥是体贴的，有爱心的。分析选项可知B项符合题意，故选B。【点睛】推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。如第3小题，根据第三段中的“For 15 minutes, until Kevin woke and needed care as usual, I was at the beach.”可知，作者在海滩上呆了15分钟，直到Kevin像往常一样醒来需要照顾。根据句中的“as usual”，由此可推断跟平常一样，就是说Kevin平常习惯白天小睡，分析选项可知C符合题意，故选C。根据事实细节，推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。CNew research about male guppies, a tropical fish found in most fresh and saltwater environments published in the journal Functional Ecology suggests that male guppies exposed to high predation (捕食行动) levels often develop larger brain sizes than those living in low-risk environments. Consequently, the development of larger brain sizes among the male guppy population allows for better chances of survival under high predation conditions.The team began its research in the southern Caribbean. They concentrated their observations on populations located in two independent rivers. In each, they collected male guppies living above and below the waterfalls. A small amount of predators lived in the waters above the waterfall, therefore the local guppy population had evolved (进化) under predation-poor conditions into a predation-poor population.On the other hand, below the waterfall, predators were found to be increasing, making environment dangerous. Scientists noticed that male guppies located above the waterfalls often displayed on average smaller brain sizes than males living under the waterfall.The next step was to find out if male guppies from high-predation population only had larger brains as a result of long evolutionary processes or a direct response to exposure (暴露) to risk during development. This question took the team away from the tropics and back to the laboratory, taking a sample group of guppies originating from high predation group. These were divided into two test populations. The first group was exposed to the sight and smell of a predator living in a nearby aquarium for five minutes at a time, five times a week. The other guppies served as a control group and lived in non-predatory places. The results showed that males exposed to predators have 21 per cent heavier brains than those of the control group.Male guppies are generally more colorful than females and thus more likely to be exposed to predation threats. The increase in intellect could offer males advantages such as the ability to detect and react to danger earlier, increasing their chances of survival.8. We learn from the passage that _.A. smarter fish have better chances of survivalB. guppies cant survive in high predator conditionsC. the size of guppies changes with the environmentD. larger brains only result from long evolutionary process9. This new research was done mainly by _.A. listing factsB. analyzing dataC. making comparisonsD. explaining reasons10. Male guppies are more easily attacked than females because of their _.A. appearanceB. behaviorC. life historyD. living environment11. Which of the following proverbs reflects the findings of the research?A. Pain past is pleasure.B. Great hopes make great man.C. While there is life, there is hope.D. Storms make trees take deeper roots.【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. D【解析】本文为说明文。最新研究表明，暴露在高捕食行动下的雄性古比鱼通常比生活在低风险环境中的雄性古比鱼的大脑更大更聪明，他们有更好的生存机会。由此可见，环境愈恶劣，物种的生存能力越强。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段最后“Consequently, the development of larger brain sizes among the male guppy population allows for better chances of survival under high predation conditions.”及最后一段“Male guppies are generally more colorful than females and thus more likely to be exposed to predation threats. The increase in intellect could offer males advantages such as the ability to detect and react to danger earlier, increasing their chances of survival.”通过这两部分的内容可知，研究发现在高捕食条件下，暴露在高捕食行动下的雄性鱼通常比生活在低风险环境中的雄性鱼的大脑更大、更聪明，他们有更好的生存机会。它们能早发现危险，早应对危险，这增加了他们生存的机会。由此可推断出更聪明的鱼儿生存机会更好。分析选项可知A 符合题意，故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段至第三段可知，研究小组在南加勒比地区开始的研究中对比了位于河流上下游的雄性guppies，由第四段可知，研究小组把一群源自高捕食群的guppies分为两个试验群体进行了对比。分析选项可知C符合题意，故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Male guppies are generally more colorful than females and thus more likely to be exposed to predation threats.”可知，雄性鱼比雌性鱼外表颜色更鲜艳，因此更容易受到被捕食的威胁。由此可推断出雄性鱼易受攻击是因为其外表，故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段内容“在功能生态学杂志上发表的一项关于热带鱼类雄性鱼的最新研究表明，暴露在高捕食水平下的雄性鱼通常比生活在低风险环境中的雄性鱼的大脑更大。因此，在高捕食条件下，雄性鱼群体中大脑发育体积较大的有更好的生存机会。”由此可知，在环境愈恶劣的环境中生存能力越强。分析选项：A. Pain past is pleasure. 苦尽甘来；B. Great hopes make great man 伟大的抱负造就伟大的人物；C. While there is life, there is hope只要活着，就有希望；D. Storms make trees take deeper roots. 暴风雨使树木扎根更深（感激敌人，感激挫折）。可知D项符合题意，故选D。D“And this years Nobel Prize in Literature goes to someone whos not Haruki Murakami (村上春树) again.”This was how the BBC started one of its reports about the 2017 Nobel Prizes, even though it was Japanese-British writer Kazuo Ishiguro who won the prize. “To be honest, its a bit annoying,” Murakami, 69, said in an interview with The Japan Times when asked how he felt when the public kept making a fuss about his potential (可能的) Nobel win. “This is not a horse race,” he added. And yet, to the public, a horse race is perhaps all it is.So, the limelight is now once again on Murakami, after he made it onto the final list for the New Academy Prize in Literature 2018. “By combining pop culture with magic realism, he has attracted much attention with his novels and short story collections, and has attracted readers worldwide,” said the New Academy about Murakami.Indeed, Murakami has a huge fan base in his home country of Japan, especially among young people. These young fans call themselves “Harukists”, as they identify with the “absurdity (荒谬) and loneliness of modern life” described in his novels, according to Business Insider. And in 2005, Murakami started reaching an international readership when his novel Kafka on the Shore appeared on the New York Times Top 10 list for book of the year, which was also believed to be the time when the worlds interest in Murakamis Nobel win first began to surface.But Murakami himself couldnt care less about whether he wins the prize or not. “If youre a writer and you have readers, you have everything. You dont need critics or reviews.” he told The New Yorker.However, if winning the prize is all that it takes to end this “horse race” and put Murakami out of his misery (煎熬), lets just hope that when the winner is announced on Oct 12, the BBCs story will open with, “This years New Academy Prize in Literature goes to Haruki Murakami.”12. According to paragraph 2, what made Haruki Murakami annoyed?A. Losing the horse race.B. Not winning the Nobel Prize.C. Being interviewed by the media.D. Over focus on his potential Nobel win.13. We learn from the passage that Haruki Murakami _.A. is especia