英语议论文写作指导(对比分析---正反观点)PPT课件

-,1,议论文写作指导对比分析正反观点,-,2,正反观点对比对同一件事情，人们常有不同的看法，即正反两种观点。在写作时，常使用一般现在时。写作格式一般是：提出问题两种不同观点对两种不同观点的论据（理由）逐项作对比。有时题目会要求说出自己的观点，可在结尾段加上自己的观点并简要说明理由，最好不要重复前面的已谈到的理由。写作方式一般采用集中比较。在写作时可用以下句型来组织完成整篇文章：,-,3,正反观点对比常用句型(1)Wehavea(heated)discussionabout我们对进行了一次讨论。Wevehadadiscussionaboutwhetheranentrancefeeshouldbechargedforparks.(2)Wehavehadasurveyon我们对开展了一次调查。Wevehadasurveyonwhetherstudentsshouldbeallowedtocarrymobilephonestoschools.(3)Opinionsaredividedonthequestion.在这个问题上意见有分歧。(4)Opinionsaremainlydividedintotwogroups.有两种不同意见。,-,4,(5)Othershavedifferentopinions.其他人有不同看法。(6)Sixtypercentofthestudentsarefortheidea,whilefortypercentofthestudentsthinkotherwise.有60%的学生支持这个观点，然而有40%的学生则不这样认为。(7)Sixtypercentofthestudentsthinkitnecessaryto,butfortypercentofthestudentsdontthinkso.60%的学生认为是必须的，而40%的学生则不这样认为。(8)Ontheonehand,Ontheotherhand,一方面，另一方面,-,5,在对某一观点作进一步论证时，可用下列句型：(1)Whatsmore,还有就是Whatsmore,wecangetagoodknowledgeofthecultureandsocialcustomsofthecountrywherewestudy,aswellasimproveourEnglish.(2)Besides,除此之外Somestudentscannotdisciplinethemselves.Besides,itsfartooexpensivetostudyabroad,whichisaloadtothefamily.当然在提出多个论据时，也可用First,Second,Third,来列举论据。,-,6,80%studentssupportit.Theprogrammeiscreativeandunique.Itprovidesastageforyoungpeopletoshowtheirtalents.Itletsyoungpeoplegainmoreconfidencethanever.20%studentsthinkthattheprogrammemisleadstheyouthtosomedegree.Letthemfeelsuccessdoesntcomefromhardwork.Beingyourselfisntthesameasbeingdifferentfromothers.Iamforthisprogramme.Aslongasourstudyisnotdisturbed,wecanwatchit.,-,7,80%studentssupportit.Theprogrammeiscreativeandunique.Inaddition,itprovidesastageforyoungpeopletoshowtheirtalents,andhelpsyoungpeoplegainmoreconfidencethanever.Onthecontrary,20%studentsthinkthattheprogrammemisleadstheyouthtosomedegree.Whatsworse,theywillfeelsuccessdoesntcomefromhardwork.Afterall,beingyourselfisntthesameasbeingdifferentfromothersinbehavioursorappearance.Inmyopinion,Iamforthisprogramme.Aslongasourstudyisnotdisturbed,wecanwatchit.,-,8,Deareditor,IamwritingtotellyouaboutmyclassmatesopinionsaboutaTVprogramme-SuperGirl.Opinionsvaryfrompersontoperson.80%ofthemareforthisTVprogramme.Theyarguethatthisprogrammenotonlyprovidestheyoungwithastagetoshowtheirtalentsbutalsogivesachancetothemtobuilduptheirself-confidence.Whatsmore,thisprogrammeiscreativeandadvocatespersonality,whichmeetstheyouthsneed.,-,9,Onthecontrary,20%ofthemareagainstthisprogramme.Reasonscanbelistedasfollows.Foronething,itmisleadstheyouthstosomedegree,perhapstheywillmisunderstandthattheycansucceedwithoutanyhardwork.Foranother,beingyourselfdoesntmeanbeingdifferentfromothersbehaviourorappearance.However,everycoinhastwosides,thisprogrammeisnotanexception,ithasitsownadvantagesanddisadvantages.Yours,LiMing,-,10,常见错误*拼写1.Theiropinionaredevidedonthisprogramme.,Theiropinionsvaryfrompersontoperson.,Theiropinionsaredividedonthisprogramme.,-,11,2.Itmakepeoplefeelthattheycansuccesswithoutmakeanyeffort.,Itmakespeoplefeelthattheycansucceedwithoutmakinganyeffort.,Itmakespeoplefeelthattheycanachievesuccesswithouthardwork.,-,12,3.Itwillmisledtheyounginsomeways.,Itwillmisleadtheyounginsomeways/inaway/tosomeextent/tosomedegree.,-,13,4.Iteffectsourstudy.,Itaffectsourstudy.,Ithasabadeffect/influenceonourstudy.,-,14,5.Onthecountry,somestudentagainstedtheprogramme.,Onthecontrary,somestudentsareagainsttheprogramme.,somestudentsarenotinfavourofthisprogramme.,somestudentsdonotenjoythisprogramme.,-,15,*搭配(词性),Intheotherhands,20%studentsdontagreetothem.,Ontheotherhand,20%ofthestudentsdontagreewiththem.,Ontheotherhand,otherstudentshavedifferentideas.,-,16,2.Lettheyoungertofindmoreself-confident.,Lettheyoung/theyouth/youngpeoplegain/buildupself-confidence.,Helptheyoungbemoreself-confident.,equiptheyoungwithself-confidence.,-,17,3.Thisprogrammeisnotonlycreationbutpersonality.,Thisprogrammeisnotonlycreativebutunique.,Thisprogrammeiscreativeanditappealsto/advocatespersonality.,-,18,*高级(句式),Thereare80%studentssupporttheSuperGirl.,80%studentssupporttheSuperGirl.,Thereare80%studentswhosupporttheSuperGirl.,Thereare80%studentssupportingtheSuperGirl.,-,19,2.Itprovidesthestagetoyoungpeopletoshowourtalents.,Itprovidesyoungpeoplewithastagetodemonstratetheirtalents.,Itprovidesastageforyoungpeopletoshowtheirtalents.,(offeropportunitiesto/givechancesto),-,20,Deareditor,IamwritingtotellyouaboutmyclassmatesopinionsaboutaTVprogramme-SuperGirl.Opinionsaredivided.80%ofthestudentsareinfavorofthisprogramme.Theysaythatthisprogramme,SuperGirl,appealsthatweshouldhavepersonalities.Itnotonlyoffersusastagetoshowourselves,butalsoletsusfindmoreconfidence.,-,21,Onthecontrary,otherstudentshavedifferentideas.Theyholdtheviewthatthisprogrammewillmisleadteenagersinsomeway,becausesomepeoplehaveafeelingthatwecansucceedwithoutanyhardwork.ThoughSuperGirladvocatespersonalities,itdoesntmeanthatthisprogrammehasnothingincommonwithothers.,-,22,Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove,wecanreasonablydrawtheconclusionthateverycoinhastwosides.Inmyopinion,SuperGirlisjustlikeadouble-edgedsword.Havingweighedupbothsides,Ifindthatitsbenefitsfaroutweighitsdisadvantages.Wemustmakeproperuseofthisprogrammeforthesakeof(出于起见)keepingtidewithsociety.Yourstruly,LiMing,-,23,最近，你校同学正在参加某英文报组织的一场讨论。讨论的主题是：公园要不要收门票？请你根据下表提供的信息，给报社写一封信，客观地介绍讨论情况。注意：1、信的开头已为你写好。2、词数：100左右。3、参考词汇：门票：entrancefeeDearEditor,Imwritingtotellyouaboutthediscussionwevehadaboutwhetheranentrancefeeshouldbechargedforparks.,2002年高考题范文,-,24,DearEditor,Imwritingtotellyouaboutthediscussionwevehadaboutwhetheranentrancefeeshouldbechargedforparks(提出问题).Opinionsaredividedonthequestion.60ofthestudentsareagainsttheideaofentrancefee.Theybelieveapublicparkshouldbefreeofcharge.Peopleneedaplacewheretheycanrestandenjoythemselves.Changingentrancefeeswillnodoubtkeepsomepeopleaway.Whatismore,itwillbecomenecessarytobuildgatesandwalls,whichwilldoharmtotheappearanceofacity.,过渡句,观点一,论据一,论据二,-,25,Ontheotherhand,40thinkthatfeesshouldbechargedbecauseyouneedmoneytopaygardenersandotherworkers,andtobuyplantsandyoungtrees.Theysuggest,however,feesshouldbechargedlow.YourstrulyLiHua可以看出，这类文章的写作，首先要提出问题，即双方讨论的问题。接下来提出观点一，并用一系列论据进行阐明。说明完观点一之后，再提出观点二，继续用论据进行说明。如果需要说明自己的观点，可接下来说明自己的观点。,观点二,论据一,论据二,-,26,对比类写作实战模版,-,27,议论文的框架-对比观点题型（1）要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。1有一些人认为。2另一些人认为。3我的看法。Thetopicof-（主题）isbecomingmoreandmorepopularrecently.Therearetwosidesofopinionsaboutit.SomepeoplesayAistheirfavorite.Theyholdtheirviewforthereasonof-（支持A的理由一）Whatismore,-(理由二).Moreover,-(理由三).,-,28,WhileothersthinkthatBisabetterchoiceinthefollowingthreereasons.Firstly,-(支持B的理由一).Secondly(besides),-（理由二）.Thirdly(finally),-(理由三).Frommypointofview,Ithink-（我的观点）.Thereasonisthat-(原因).Asamatteroffact,therearesomeotherreasonstoexplainmychoice.Forme,theformerissurelyawisechoice.,-,29,（2）给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点Somepeoplebelievethat-（观点一）.Forexample,theythink-（举例说明）Anditwillbringthem-(为他们带来的好处).Inmyopinion,Ineverthinkthisreasoncanbethepoint.Foronething,-(我不同意该看法的理由一).Foranotherthing,-(反对的理由之二)FormallwhatIhavesaid,Iagreetothethoughtthat-(我对文章所讨论主题的看法),-,30,(3)不同观点列举型（选择型）Thereisawidespreadconcernovertheissuethat_作文题目.Butitiswellknownthattheopinionconcerningthishottopicvariesfrompersontoperson.Amajorityofpeoplethinkthat_观点一_.Intheirviewsthereare2factorscontributingtothisattitudeasfollows:inthefirstplace,_原因一_.Furthermore,inthesecondplace,_原因二_.Soitgoeswithoutsayingthat_观点一_.,-,31,People,however,differintheiropinionsonthismatter.Somepeopleholdtheideathat_观二_.Intheirpointofview,ontheonehand，_原因一_.Ontheotherhand,_原因二_.Therefore,thereisnodoubtthat_观点二_.AsfarasIamconcerned,Ifirmlysupporttheviewthat_观点一或二_.Itisnotonlybecause_,butalsobecause_.Themore_,themore_.,-,32,Practiceinclass,面对繁重的高中学习任务，高中生对参加学校活动有着不同的看法，请以TakingPartinSchoolActivities为题，用英文写一篇120词左右的短文，着重介绍两种不同的观点和态度，最后谈谈你个人的看法。很多学生持拥护态度，认为既可以学到实践知识，又可以得到放松；不少学生漠不关心，认为学生就应该学习，学校活动与学习无关，同时嘲讽积极参加学校活动的学生。标题和开头已给，不计入总词数。词数；120词左右。TakingPartinSchoolActivitiesAsforschoolactivities,studentsmainlyholdtwoviews,-,33,Mainerrors,1.时态：现在的时态2.Therearemanystudentssupportit.Therearemanystudentswhosupportit.Therearemanystudentssupportingit3.要有清晰的、完整的句子的痕迹Thoseinfavorofthinkitisgoodforus.Becauseitcanhelpusgetrelaxed.,-,34,Mainerrors,Thoseinfavorofthinkitisgoodforus,becauseitcanhelpusgetrelaxed.,Thoseinfavorofthinkitisgoodforus.Itisbecauseitcanhelpusgetrelaxed.,-,35,清晰的句子的痕迹Itcanhelpusmakemanyfriends,theywillgiveusmanyproposer.,Itcanhelpusmakemanyfriends.Theywillgiveusmanyproposer.,Itcanhelpusmakemanyfriends,andtheywillgiveusmanyproposer.,Mainerrors,-,36,TakingPartinSchoolActivitiesAsforschoolactivities,studentsmainlyholdtwoviews.Manystudentsareveryenthusiasticaboutschoolactivitiesbecausetheythinkthatlearningfromtextbooksisnottheironlytaskandtheyshouldtakeanychancetogetsomepracticalknowledge.Besides,afterlonghoursstudy,theycanrelaxthemselvesbyparticipatinginschoolactivities.,-,37,However,alargegroupofstudentstakelittleinterestinthemandspendmostoftheirtimeonstudy.Theybelievethattheyshouldmakefulluseoftimetostudyandthatschoolactivitieshavelittletodowiththeirfurtherdevelopment.Thussometimestheyevenlaughatthosewhotakeanactivepartinschoolactivities.AsfarasIamconcerned,Ipreferthefirstview.Ontheonehand,wecanlearnagreatdealfromotherstudentswemeetinactivities.Furthermore,modernsocietyrequiresmanyqualitiesofyoungstudents,so“bookworms”cantkeepupwiththetimes.,requiressth.ofsb.要求某人某事,-,38,TakingPartinSchoolActivitiesAsforschoolactivities,studentsmainlyholdtwoviews.Somestudentsareinclinedtoapproveofit.Theybelievethatbytakingpartinschoolactivities,studentscannotonlylearnsomepracticalknowledge,butalsorelaxthemselves.However,otherspaylittleattentiontoit.Obviously,theythinkstudyisstudentsonlytask.Whatthismeansisthatschoolactivitieshavenothingtodowithstudy.Besides,theysneeratthosewhotakepartinitactively.,-,39,AsforasIamconcerned,theformeropinionholdsmoreweight.Ontopoftheabove-mentionedpositiveeffectsitmightbringabout,theschoolactivitiesalsoenrichourschoollifeandhelpustounderstandeachotherbetter.So,wecannotemphasizetheimportanceoftakingpartinschoolactivitiesenough.,-,40,如何把句子写得丰富些？,很多学生持拥护态度，认为既可以学到实践知识，又可以得到放松。,Somestudentsareinclinedtoapproveofit.Theybelievethatbytakingpartinschoolactivities,studentscannotonlylearnsomepracticalknowledge,butalsorelaxthemselves.,Manystudentsareveryenthusiasticaboutschoolactivitiesbecausetheythinkthatlearningfromtextbooksisnottheironlytaskandtheyshouldtakeanychancetogetsomepracticalknowledge.Besides,afterlonghoursstudy,theycanrelaxthemselvesbyparticipatinginschoolactivities.,-,41,Homework,根据教育部通知，从2007年9月1日起，中小学生每天要跳校园集体舞。通知发出后，在社会上引起了热烈的讨论。假如你是李华，请根据下表提供的内容给“ChinaDaily”编辑写一封信反映讨论情况，并提出自己的看法和理由。注意：(1)词数100-120；(2)开头已写好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：集体舞groupdancing社交能力sociability,-,42,Deareditor,TheDepartmentofEducationannounced,-,43,能锻炼身体，丰富校园生活begoodforhealthandcanenrichourschoollife培养社交能力improvetheirsociability.不能达到锻炼身体的目的canthelpstudentstokeepfit,-,44,DearEditor,TheDepartmentofEducationannouncedinJune,2007thatfromSept.1,2007primaryandsecondaryschoolstudentswillhavedanceclass,whichhasledtoaheateddebate.Somepeoplethinkgroupdancingisgoodforhealthandcanenrichourschoollife.Ithelpsstudentsunderstandeachotherbetter.Alsoitcanhelpstudentsimprovetheirsociability.Itisahealthymeansofcommunication.,-,45,Butotherpeopleholdtheoppositeview.Theyfeelthatinthecountryside,theteachersdonthaveenoughexperienceinteachingdancingandalsothereisntenoughroomforstudentstolearndancing.Lastbutnotleast,groupdancingisjustaformoraperformance,whichcanthelpstudentstokeepfit.Astome,groupdancingmayleadtoanincreaseofboysandgirlsfallinginlove(witheachother)oncetheyhavemorechancesforphysicalinteraction.Yours,LiHua,-,46,Homework,假设你是林明。