上课用高考英语完形填空讲解示范课课件

完形填空专练,WELCOME,Howtodoclozetests?,高考总体要求完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅读理解能力和总体语言水平。解题过程是对语篇中的缺失信息进行猜测、推断、验证的过程，通常我们可以借助语篇的上下文线索以及文化背景知识等进行解题。,Briefintroduction,Discussion:Whatareyourmethodsofdoingclozetests?,英语完形填空解题步骤,1.速览全文，把握大意。,做完形填空必须读懂文章，前后逻辑一致；完形填空每个小题的正确答案都是有充分根据的，可以在文章汇总找到具体的突破口也就是信息点。解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。,2mins,10mins,2mins,1mins,2.细读首句，摸清文路。,4.复核全文，调整答案。,3.瞻前顾后，准确选择。,Fourmethods(四种常用的方法)：,1、context上下文语境2、worddistinctionsorcollocations词语辨析和固定搭配3、informationgiveninthepassage利用文章中的信息（原词复现、近义词和反义词等）4、culturalbackgroundandcommonsense文化背景和常识,TheskillsoffinishingCloze?,Whatdowelearntoday?,Skill1:Choosingby上下文、语境Skill2:Choosingby逻辑推理Skill3:Choosingby词语辨析和固定搭配Skill4:Choosingby语法分析Skill5:Choosingby文化背景和常识,Skill1:Choosingbycontext(上下文、语境),eg.Manyoldpeopledonthavegood_.A.hearingB.healthC.eyesight,1)TheycantwatchTV,buttheycanlistentomusicornewsovertheradio.,C,2)Theycantlistentomusicornewsovertheradio,buttheycanreadwithglasses.,3)Theycantwalkoutside,buttheycanwatchTVorlistentomusicornewsovertheradioathome.,A,B,eg4.Somepartsofthewaterareveryshallow.Butinsomeplacesitisvery,very_.A.deepB.highC.coldD.dangerous,Skill1:Choosingbycontext(上下文、语境),eg1.Whenwetalked,Idiscovered（发现）somedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.Itisalittle_thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhaveforty-fiveminutesineachclass.,A.shorterB.longerC.earlierD.later,Skill2：logic（逻辑推理）,eg2.Mymotheroftenaskedme，“Whatisthemostimportantpartofthebody?”Ithoughtsoundwasveryimportanttousashumans，soIsaid“My_，Mommy”Shesaid，“NoManypeoplearedeaf（聋的）,A.earsB.eyesC.bodyD.head,eg1.Atthismoment,theairhostess1.Shelookedpale,butwasquite2.1.A.showedB.presentedC.exposedD.appeared2.A.wellB.stillC.calmD.quiet,Vt.,Vt.,Vt.,Vi,Skill3:Choosingbymeaningsofwordsandexpressions(词汇和短语用法),eg2.Inthemorning,thekingwenttovisitthepond.Tohissurprise,thepondwasonlyfilledwithwater!Whathappened?Yes!Everyonehadthesameidea_thatman.,A.withB.toC.asD.of,thesame,。,Skill4:Choosingbygrammar(语法分析),eg1.andtheofficersthenbegantoeattheirmeal,sayingthatthemushroomshadaverystrange_quitepleasanttaste.A.besideB.butC.andD.or,。,eg1.Iturnedthekeyinthelockand_thedooropen.knockedB.forcedC.pushedD.tried,eg2.Allovertheworldpeopleswimforfun.Swimmingisenjoyedbypeopleof_ages,fromtheveryyoungtotheveryold.Therearemanyplacesforpeopletoswiminswimmingpools.A.allB.noneC.someD.both,Skill5:Choosingbycommonsense(常识),eg3.(Immediately)theofficersjumpedintotheircarsandrushedtothehospital.A.animalB.biggestC.plantD.nearest,1、Informationgiveninthepassage利用文章中的信息(原词复现、近义词和反义词等）,(1)MissBrownsaid,“MayI17(correct)asmallmistakethatyoumade,MissDike?Columbuscrossedthe18inthe15th,notthe16thcentury.He19(discovered)Americain1492.SirFrancisDrakewasagreatsailorinthe16thcentury.You20(mighthavecrossed)theAtlanticoceanwithhim.A.PacificB.IndianC.ArcticD.Atlantic(2)IrememberasachildIsaidsomething40aboutsomebody,andmyfathersaid,“Anytimeyousaysomethingunpleasantaboutsomebodyelse,itsareflectionofyou.”(NMET2005山东)A.unkindB.unnecessaryC.unimportantD.unusual(3)Apparently,althoughnoonewantstobe51allthetime,everyoneneedssomedegreeofprivacy.2007上海）A.noisyB.aloneC.personalD.sociable,D,A,B,2、Worddistinctionsorcollocations词语辨析和固定搭配,(1)ManyboysandgirlslearnEnglishatschool.Itisoneoftheir4(subjects).ManypeoplelearnEnglishbecauseitis5(useful)intheirwork.SomeyoungpeoplelearnEnglish6(for)theirhigherstudiesbecausesomeoftheirbooksare7English.A.inB.withC.atD.of(2)Withsuchacreditcard,youcantravelandentertainwhenandwhereyou15(want).Theworldsleadinghotels,motelsandresorts（胜地）welcometheCard.Youcanchargenearlyeverything,includinggolfandtennis16.A.moneyB.faresC.ticketsD.fees,A,D,3、Context上下文语境,(1)TheancientGreekswereveryinterestedinthenatureoftheworldaroundthemandputforwardmanyinterestingtheoriestoexplainthings.Sometimestheywereright,1veryoftentheywerewrong.A.andB.soC.butD.for(2)Areyourtablemannersmuchbetterwhenyouareeatingatafriendshomeorinarestaurantthantheyareatyourownhome?Probablyso,1(because)youareawarethatpeoplejudgeyoubyyourtablemanners.Youtakespecialpainswhenyouareeating2.(2005上海)A.inpublicB.athomeC.ateaseD.inahurry,C,A,4、Culturalbackgroundandcommonsense文化背景和常识,(1)themotherwasholdingtheirbabydaughter,Ally.Thelittlegirlhadsomefoodstuckinherthroat,andcouldhardlybreathe.Mr.Whitedrovethemto.Theambulancewasrunningveryfastalongtheroad.A.thebesthospitalB.thebiggesthospitalC.thenearesthospitalD.theChildrensHospital(2)PeopleofBurhngtonarebeingdisturbedbythesoundofbells.FourstudentsfromBurlingtonCollegeofHigherEducationareinthebelltowerofthe26havemadeuptheirmindsto27(ring)thebellsnonstopfortwoweeksasaprotest（抗议）againstheavytruckswhichrun28(dayandnight)throughthenarrowHighStreet.(NMET1999)A.collegeB.villageC.townD.church,C,D,Step3Readthepassageagainandchecktheanswers.（将所选定的词放到文章中复读检查）,Tips:1、thetenseandthevoice，theaccordbetweensubjectandpredicate（时态语态，主谓语在上下文的中是否一致）2、grammarandcollocations（语法和习惯用法的搭配在上下文中是否逻辑上一致）3、theconnectionbetweensentencesandparagraphs(段与段，句与句之间的衔接是否连贯)4、themeaningofthewholepassage（整体上检查结构、语义及逻辑是否一致，上下文的衔接是否合理）,Step1Skip(跳读)thepassagetogetthegeneralideaandpayattentiontothefirstsentence.,Intheclozetest,thereisnoblankinthefirstsentence(首句).Ithelpsustoknowthetopicofthewholepassage.(完形填空首句不挖空，帮助进入语境）,Skipthefollowingpassageandtrytogetthegeneralideaofit.,ThebirthrateinEuropehasbeeninasteadydecreasesincethe1960s.Europeancountries,realizingcrisisisathand,areprovidinggreatencouragementforparentstocreatemorebabiesinthe21stcentury.,AffairsMinistryconcludedlastyearthat,1cashencouragement,somewomenjustdontwanttobe2holdingthebaby.“Whatweknowisthatitsgoodforthe3ifmenandwomensharetheburdenofhavingchildren”saysSorenKindlund,familypolicyadviserattheSwedishministry.4Swedishparentscantaketheirpaidleaveastheywish,menuseamere12%ofit;60%offathersdonottakeevena(n)5dayoffwork.Expertsfearthatthetendencyforwomentousemostoftheparentalleavecouldmakeemployers6togiveyoungwomenthepermanent（永久的）jobstheyneedtoqualifyforpaidmaternityleave(产假).InJanuary,Swedendecidedtoallownewfatherstwomonthspaidleave,withawarming:useitor7it.,Kindlundadmitsthatmenareunder8tostayatwork,eventhoughparentalpaycomesoutofthepublicpurse.“Itsnotpopularamongbossesandperhapswithothermenintheworkplace,”hesays.“Butitsgoodforthefatherandforthechildiftheycan9arelationship.”InNorway,a(n)10policyhasworkedwonders.70%ofdadsinNorwaynowtakeparentalleave,andthebirthrateof1.85childrenperwomanisoneofthehighestinEurope.(2004上海卷）,Generalidea:,InEuropeancountries,thebirthratehasdecreased.Sothegovernmentsaretakingmeasurestoencourageparentstocreatemorebabies.,Step2Rereadandchoosethebestanswerforeachblankbyusingsomemethods.在把握语篇大意的基础上，借助于一些恰当的方法选择最佳答案。,TheskillsoffinishingCloze?,Whatdowelearntoday?,Skill1:Choosingby上下文、语境Skill2:Choosingby逻辑推理Skill3:Choosingby词汇和短语用法Skill4:Choosingby语法分析Skill5:Choosingby常识,完形填空四利用：,1.利用复现或同类的词汇答题。2.利用前后文的对仗关系。3.利用上下文的逻辑关系。4.生活常识。,完形填空三忌：,忌不看首句，直奔空格处作答。忌当做语法填空来做。完形填空很多选项必须根据上下文才能选出，不是孤立的看本句话。忌先入为主，一气呵成。做题时先填把握的空格，对不是很有把握的先放一放，在后文的到答案或在做完全文后回头看才会获得答案。,Themorewepractice,theeasieritwillbe!,Clozeisinteresting,thoughdifficult.,Step1Skipthepassagetogetthegeneralideaandpayattentiontothefirstsentence.（跳读掌握大意，注意首句）,Step2Rereadandchoosethebestanswerforeachblankbyusingsomemethods.（借助于一些恰当的方法选择最佳答案）,Step3Readthepassageagainandchecktheanswers.（复读检查）,Threesteps,Sumup（总结）,1、context上下文语境2、worddistinctionsorcollocations词语辨析和固定搭配3、informationgiveninthepassage利用文章中的信息（原词复现、近义词和反义词等）4、culturalbackgroundandcommonsense文化背景和常识,Fourmethods,Doaclozetestandthinkaboutthemethods.,ThebirthrateinEuropehasbeeninasteadydecreasesincethe1960s.Europeancountries,realizingcrisisisathand,areprovidinggreatencouragementforparentstocreatemorebabiesinthe21stcentury.AffairsMinistryconcludedlastyearthat,1cashencouragement,somewomenjustdontwanttobe2holdingthebaby.“Whatweknowisthatitsgoodforthe3ifmenandwomensharetheburdenofhavingchildren”saysSorenKindlund,familypolicyadviserattheSwedishministry.4Swedishparentscantaketheirpaidleaveastheywish,menuseamere12%ofit;60%offathersdonottakeevena(n)5dayoffwork.Expertsfearthatthetendencyforwomentousemostoftheparentalleavecouldmakeemployers,A,B,A,C,D,6togiveyoungwomenthepermanent（永久的）jobstheyneedtoqualifyforpaidmaternityleave(产假).InJanuary.Swedendecidedtoallownewfatherstwomonthspaidleave,withawarming:useitor7it.Kindlundadmitsthatmenareunder8tostayatwork,eventhoughparentalpaycomesoutofthepublicpurse.“Itsnotpopularamongbossesandperhapswithothermenintheworkplace,”hesays.“Butitsgoodforthefatherandforthechildiftheycan9arelationship.”InNorway,a(n)10policyhasworkedwonders.70%ofdadsinNorwaynowtakeparentalleave,andthebirthrateof1.85childrenperwomanisoneofthehighestinEurope.,D,D,C,B,B,Howmanymethodsareusedwhenyoudothiscloze?,Discuss:,ThebirthrateinEuropehasbeeninasteadydecreassincethe1960s.Europeancountries,realizingcrisisisathand,areprovidinggreatencouragementforparentstocreatemorebabiesinthe21stcentury.AffairsMinistryconcludedlastyearthat,1(inspiteof)cashencouragement,somewomenjustdontwanttobe2(left)holdingthebaby.“Whatweknowisthatitsgoodforthe3(birth-rate)ifmenandwomensharetheburdenofhavingchildren”saysSorenKindlund,familypolicyadviserattheSwedishministry.4(Eventhough)Swedishparentscantaketheirpaidleaveastheywish,menuseamere12%ofit;60%offathersdonottakeevena(n)5(single)dayoffwork.Expertsfearthatthetendencyforwomentousemostoftheparentalleavecouldmakeemployers,context(上下文),worddistinctions(词语辨析),informationgiveninthepassage(原词复现),context(上下文),collocations(固定搭配),6(reluctant)togiveyoungwomenthepermanent（永久的）jobstheyneedtoqualifyforpaidmaternityleave(产假).InJanuary.Swedendecidedtoallownewfatherstwomonthspaidleave,withawarming:useitor7(lose)it.Kindlundadmitsthatmenareunder8(pressure)tostayatwork,eventhoughparentalpaycomesoutofthepublicpurse.“Itsnotpopularamongbossesandperhapswithothermenintheworkplace,”hesays.“Butitsgoodforthefatherandforthechildiftheycan9(buildup)arelationship.”InNorway,a(n)10(similar)policyhasworkedwonders.70%ofdadsinNorwaynowtakeparentalleave,andthebirthrateof1.85childrenperwomanisoneofthehighestinEurope.,context(上下文),context(上下文),context(上下文),worddistinctions(词语辨析),context(上下文),Homework,Dotheclozetestsonthepaper.,HerearesomeBasicskillsofcloze,Skill1:Choosingbycontext(上下文、语境),eg.Manyoldpeopledonthavegood_.A.hearingB.healthC.eyesight,1)TheycantwatchTV,buttheycanlistentomusicornewsovertheradio.,C,2)Theycantlistentomusicornewsovertheradio,buttheycanreadwithglasses.,3)Theycantwalkoutside,buttheycanwatchTVorlistentomusicornewsovertheradioathome.,A,B,eg2.Waittillyouaremore_.A.relaxedB.satisfiedC.certain,1)Itsbettertobesurethansorry.,C,2)Illimproveitoncemore.,B,3)Orelseyoullbemorenervousonthestage.,A,eg3.Traveling_,todaybecomesyesterday;travelingwestitistomorrow.A.southB.eastC.northD.west,eg4.Somepartsofthewaterareveryshallow.Butinsomeplacesitisvery,very_.A.deepB.highC.coldD.dangerous,eg1.Whenwetalked,Idiscovered（发现）somedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.Itisalittle_thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhaveforty-fiveminutesineachclass.,A.shorterB.longerC.earlierD.later,Skill2：logic（逻辑推理）,eg2.Mymotheroftenaskedme，“Whatisthemostimportantpartofthebody?”Ithoughtsoundwasveryimportanttousashumans，soIsaid“My_，Mommy”Shesaid，“NoManypeoplearedeaf（聋的）,A.earsB.eyesC.bodyD.h