新编大学实用英语教程3-unit6课件

UNIT6,DIGITALCOMMUNICATION,CollegeLife,PartIVTranslationPartVWritingPartVIEnjoyYourself,PartIListeningandSpeakingPartIIReadingPartIIIGrammar,Objectives,Afterstudyingthisunit,thestudentsareexpectedtobeabletomakeapologies.usethewordsandexpressionsaswellastheusefulsentencestructuresinthetwotextsandretellthemainideaofthepassages.usethesuffixes.translateinstructions.writeasimpleadvertisement.,Backgroundknowledge,ModernCommunicationAsoneofthegreatestinventionintwentiethcentury,thetelecommunication,initsbroadsense,hasdefinitelychangedthewaywecommunicatedandthewaywethoughtintheolddays.Lettersaregone,pigeonsaregone,andthepensaregone.WenowcouldhappilyenjoytheconveniencethattheInternetbringstothem:instantmessage,realtimephotosharing,voicetalk,videotalkandwhatnot.However,thesemarveloustoolssomehowweakenorjeopardizethetruemeaningofcommunicationthatlaybehind.,Backgroundknowledge,Thecommunicationpurpose,inmyopinion,fallsintotwocategories:spiritualone(thingsaboutthetruth,philosophy,love,andopinions,etcthatcanenlighten,comfortorbringjoyandhappiness)andgeneralone(thingswhichtellthefact,suchastime,prices,foods,photos,films,andsoon).Undoubtedly,thespiritualpurposeshallprevailoverthegeneralpurpose.,Backgroundknowledge,Somehow,thespecialnationalsituationincrediblydivertsthebeneficiarysfocus.Youngmenareeagertopurchasehisownnewiphoneoripad,andinstallthelatestinstantmessageapplicationsandgameapplicationstoshowoff.(Ievenheardastorythatsomeonesoldhiskidneytobuyone)why?vanity,poverty,orspiritualemptiness?Perhapsthegoalofbuyingoneselfanewhandphoneismucheasiertofulfillthanthewishofowninganewapartmentinthecitydowntown.Theweaknessofhumannature,vanity,Imean,shallnotbeblamed,butratherthecrueltyofthesesmartgadgetswhichcorruptedthemindfrominside.InwordsofMarx,thetoolsmaterializethemen.,Backgroundknowledge,Takealookofthemenandwomenonstreet.Almosteveryoneofthemisequippedwithahandphoneormp3,whichtheyutilizeeverysecond,texting,wechating,qqing,orindulgeintheso-calledpopularmusic.Theyarenolongerinterestedinthereal-world.Thefamily,thefriend,thephilosophy,theargument,theydontcare.Whattheyloveisthestrangerwhoisthousandsmilesawayandwhoissex-uncertainandageuncertain.,Backgroundknowledge,Suchfrequentmachine-humancommunicationwouldreplacethehuman-humancommunicationoneday.Andpeoplesinspiration,passion,creativity,loveshoulddisappearslowlyfromthisworld.Thankstothedazzlingdevelopmentofmoderncommunication,thecommunicatingpurposearecoveredandmisplacedwhilethecommunicationmeansbecomeseverything.,Backgroundknowledge,Whataretheytryingtoevade?ThequestionbecomessimpleifyouareaChinesemetropolitan.Thehealthcare,theeducation,theemployment,thehousingarehurtingtheirheartsquietly,whichwouldamountformostoftheirincome,whetherloworhigh.Thereisnousefightingbackandthereisnoway.Therevealingofeverypowercorruption,operationofguanxi,theunlawfulunhealthyfoodormedicineprocessing,etc.,hittheirheadslikebombsfromtimetotimesothattheybecomehelpless,suspiciousandangry.Thebestpolicyseemstoclosetheeyesandheadsettheears.,Backgroundknowledge,Nomorerescue?Obviouslythebookishsaying“thegoldenhouseliesinthebook,theprettygirlliesinthebook”couldnotserveastheirmottoanymore.Probablywhatthegoldenhouselies,andtheprettygirlliesareseenthrough.Itwouldbegoodwecouldreporttopoliceorcomplaintotheteacher.Seriously,everybodyneedstothinkabouttheresultofTHECOMMUNICATION.,Backgroundknowledge,Parent-teacherCommunication,Closecommunicationsbetweenparentsandteacherscanhelpthestudents.Researchshowsthatchildrendobetterinschoolwhenparentstalkoftenwithteachersandbecomeinvolvedintheschool.Thereareanumberofwaysthatparentsandteacherscancommunicatewitheachother.Parent-teacherconferencesareoftenscheduledatthemid-termorattheendoftheschoolyear.Forparentsandteachers,thisisachancetotalkone-on-oneaboutthestudents.Theparent-teacherconferenceisagoodopportunitytolaunchapartnershipbetweenparentsandteachersthatwillfunctionduringtheschoolyear.,Backgroundknowledge,Parentswhoparticipateinschoolactivitiesandeventswillhaveopportunitiestocommunicatewithteachers.Ifparentsjoininparent-teacherorganizations,itwillalsogivetheteachersandparentsmorechancestointeractoutsidetheclassroom.Generallyspeaking,teachersusuallywelcomemeetingtheirstudentsparentsearlyintheschoolyear.Inthisway,theteachercanbetterunderstandyou,yourchild,andhowyouwillsupporttheeducationofyourchild.Teacherswouldbegladtoknowthatparentsareconcernedandinterestedintheirchildsstudy.Phonecallsandvisitstotheclassroomarealsogoodwaystocooperatewithteachersandkeepinformedaboutyourchildsprogress.,ListeningandSpeaking,MakingaRoomReservationListeningPracticeSectionASituationalDialoguesDirections:Youwillhearonedialogueinthissection.Thedialoguewillbespokentwice.Listencarefullyanddotheexercises.,ListeningandSpeaking,Task1Listentothedialoguecarefullyandmakeyourchoices.Thisdialoguewasbetween_.A.ateacherandastudentB.aninterviewerandanintervieweeC.amanagerandaclerkD.apolicemanandadriver2.Mr.Banksworkdealsmostprobablywith_.A.peopleB.figuresandfactsC.salesD.customers3.Whatcanweinferfromthedialogue?Goodmanisexperiencedatinterviews.B.Goodmaniswell-prepared.C.Goodmaniscareless.D.Goodmanisconfident.,ListeningandSpeaking,4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothedialogue?A.Goodmantyped4rsums.B.Certificatesshouldbeamustforajobinterview.C.Goodmancouldsendhiscertificatebymail.D.Goodmanfeltverysorrybecausehecouldnotgetthepost.5.Whatdoyouthinktheyaregoingtotalkaboutinthefollowingconversation?A.Thecolleagues.B.Thefirstdaytogotowork.C.Thecertificate.D.Theresponsibilityofthejob.,ListeningScript,Goodman:Goodmorning.MynameisJamesGoodman.Banks:Ah,goodmorning,Mr.Goodman.Nicetomeetyou.ImPeterBanksfromPersonnel.Dositdown.Goodman:Thankyouverymuch.Banks:Now,haveyoubroughtyourcurriculumvitaewithyou?Goodman:Oh,myCV.Yes,hereitis.Therearethreecopies.Banks:Haveyoubroughtyourcertificatesaswell?Goodman:No,Ihavent.Imawfullysorry.CanIsendthemtoyoulater?Banks:Yes,thatwillbeallright.Now,letstalkaboutthepost.,ListeningandSpeaking,SectionBListeningPassages,Task1Directions:Inthissectionyouwillheararecordedshortpassagewithfivequestions.Thepassagewillbereadthreetimes.Pleaseanswerthequestionsaccordingtowhatyouhear.,1.Whatdoespeoplefeelwhenmakingapology?2.Whydopeoplefeelashamedofmakingapology？,ListeningandSpeaking,3.Whyisitthebestchoicetomakeanapologyonthephone?4.Whatwillhappenifweneverexpressedregretforourmistakes?5.Dopeopleapologizeallforhavingdonesomethingwrong？,ListeningScript,Peoplesometimesfeelashamedofmakingapology,becausetheydonotwanttoloseface.Makinganapologyonthephoneisnotadirectorverypersonalwayofapologizing,butitissometimesthebestchoice.Some“distance”isoftensaferandunderstandable.Wedontlosefacewhenweapologize;onthecontrary,wewouldlosefaceifweneverexpressedregretforourmistakes.Sometimespeopledonotapologizeforhavingdonesomethingwrong,butfortheinconveniencethattheyhavecaused.,ListeningandSpeaking,Task2Directions:Inthissectionyouwillheararecordedshortpassagewithfivestatements.Thepassagewillbereadthreetimes.Pleasedecidewhetherthestatementsaretrueorfalseaccordingtowhatyouhear.1.Anapologylettershowsthatyouaresorry.2.Anapologylettercantexpressthatyouvalueyourrelationshipwiththeotherparty.3.Itdoesntmatterwhetheranapologyletteriswrittenandsentoutearlyorlate.4.Youshouldstarttheletterbysayingthatyouaresorrytotherecipient.5.Thereisnoneedtolettherecipientknowthatthesituationwillnothappenagain.,ListeningandSpeaking,ListeningScript,Anapologylettershowsthatyouaresorryandsaysthatyouvalueyourrelationshipwiththeotherparty.Thesooneranapologyletteriswrittenandsentoutthebetteritisfortherelationship.Ifthisisapersonalletteryoushouldstarttheletterbysayingthatyouaresorrytotherecipient.,ListeningandSpeaking,ListeningScript,Nextyoushouldadmityourfaultandtakeresponsibilityforyouractions.Thenyoushouldlettherecipientknowthatyouwilltrytomakesurethatthesituationwillnothappenagain.Tocloseofftheletter,youshouldapologizeagain.,ListeningandSpeaking,Task3Directions:Inthissectionyouwillhearthreerecordedshortpassageswithsomewordsorphrasesmissing.Thepassagewillbereadthreetimes.Pleasewritedownthemissingwordsorphrasesaccordingtowhatyouhear.An_isanintimateactionthatrevealssomeofthebestqualitiesof_.Itcanspringfromcompassionandrecognitionofactionsthathavecausedyouharmoritmaycomefromclarityofvisionandanacknowledgementthatyouwererightallalong.Receivinganapologyhelpsnurtureavaluable_oratreasuredrelationship.,ListeningandSpeaking,Listensincerelyandcarefullytotheapology.Trynotto_andsuggestthatthedirectionoftheapologybeanythingotherthanwhatthepersonisoffering.Eventhoughyoumaystillbenursingpainfulfeelings,rememberthattheotherpersonismakingasincereefforttomakethingsright,andgivethemthebenefitofthedoubt.Ifyoureceivetheapologyin_,readitcarefully.,ListeningandSpeaking,OralPractice,Directions:Readloudlyandfluently.,Conversation1A:Excuseme.Doyoulivehere?B:Yes,wedo.Weliveonthethirdfloor.A:Oh.DoesAnnalivehere,too?B:Anna?Doyouknowthatname,Lisa?C:Anna?No,Idontknow,either.Imsorry.,ListeningandSpeaking,OralPractice,Directions:Readloudlyandfluently.,A:Well,thankyouanyway.Sorrytobotheryou.D:AnnaWait!Iknowher.A:Doyou?Doesshelivehere?D:Yes,shedoes.ShesfromAmerica.Shelivesnexttous.ShelivesinRoom305.A:Oh,thanks.Ihavealetterforher,butheraddressisntonthemailbox.,ListeningandSpeaking,Conversation2A:Goodmorning,Mr.Li.B:Goodmorning.Andyouare15minuteslate,youknow.A:Oh,Iamsorry.B:Youwerelateyesterdaytoo.Whatstheproblem?A:Ioftenhavetroublegoingtosleepatnightandfailtogetupearlyinthemorning.Idoapologize;Ididntmeantodothat.,ListeningandSpeaking,B:Well,Itsallrightthistime.Butitsdisturbingtherestofyourclassmates,youknow.A:Yes,Iknow.Iwontletithappenagain.Sorry.B:Thatsallright.Bytheway,dogoandseeadoctorforyourtroubleinsleeping.A:Thankyou.Goodday,Mr.Li.B:Goodday.,ListeningandSpeaking,Activity1Directions:Workinpairs.Supposeyourfriend(B)hasbeenwaitingforyou(A)for20minutes.Youmakeanapologyandgiveanexcuseorabriefexplanation.,ListeningandSpeaking,Activity2Directions:Workinpairs.Pleasemakeupyourowndialoguesbasedonthefollowingsituations,andyoumayrefertothesentencesinLanguagebank.,Task1Directions:Yourfriendinvitesyoutogoshopping,butyouhavetoprepareforapart-timejobinterview.Declinetheinvitationandmakeanapologypolitely.Task2Directions:Youfailedtoreturn￥50youborrowedfromyourfriendontime.Apologizeforit.,ListeningandSpeaking,Task3Directions:Youhaveforgottentoreservetheconcertticketsforyoufriend.Apologizeforit.M:What?Howcouldyouforgettoreservetheconcerttickets?W:Imsorry.Iforgetallaboutit.M:Howcouldyou?Iremindedyoujustthismorning.W:Itsleapmymind.Ireallyfeelterribleaboutit.M:Ihavebeenlookingforwardtothisperformanceallmonth.W:ImreallysorryIletyoudown.Illmakeituptoyousomehow.,ListeningandSpeaking,ApologizingIm(awfully)sorry(Imlateagain).(太)对不起了（我又迟到了）。Idoapologizefor(whatIvedone).我为(我的所作所为）道歉。Imustapologize.我必须向你道歉。Sorry,itsmyfault.对不起,是我的错。Imterriblysorryaboutthat.为此我非常抱歉。Myapologies.我道歉。,Functional-sentenceBank,ListeningandSpeaking,ApologizingIhopeyouwillexcuseme.希望你能原谅我。Pleaseacceptmysincereapology.请接受我诚心诚意的道歉。IcanttellyouhowsorryIam.我真的是很抱歉。WordscannotdescribehowsorryIam.语言无法描述我对你的歉意。Ijustdontknowwhattosay.我真不知该说什么好。Ireallyfeelbadaboutit.我真的感到很内疚。,Functional-sentenceBank,ListeningandSpeaking,ApologizingforbotheringsomeoneSorrytobeabother.不好意思打扰你。Sorrytodisturbyouagain.抱歉,又来打扰你。Imsorry,Ididntmeantobotheryou.对不起,真不想打扰你。ImafraidIvebroughtyoualotoftrouble.恐怕我给你带来了不少麻烦Sorryabouttheinconvenience.对不起，添麻烦了。,Functional-sentenceBank,ListeningandSpeaking,ApologizingforonesmistakeImsorryforwhatIvedone.我为我的所作所为向你道歉。Ishouldnthavedonethat.我不该那么做。Ishouldhaveaskedyoufirst.我应该先征得你的同意。Ididntmeanitthatway.事情闹成那样并非我的本意。YouwererightandIwaswrong.Iapologize.你是对的,我错了.我道歉Itwassostupidofme.Ireallydoapologize.非常抱歉,我当时真糊涂.IoweyouanapologyforwhatIdidlastnight.我应该为昨天晚上的事向你道歉。Forgiveme,Ididntmeantooffendyou.请原谅,我不是有意冒犯你的。,Functional-sentenceBank,ListeningandSpeaking,RespondingtoapologiesThatsallright.没关系。Youreforgiven.我原谅你了。Thatsokay.没事儿。Noproblem.Weallmakemistakes.没问题。人人都有犯错的时候。Nevermind.别在意。Forgetit.忘掉它吧。Itsnotyourfault.那不是你的错。,Functional-sentenceBank,ListeningandSpeaking,Itreallydoesntmatteratall.真的没关系。Dontworryaboutit.别放在心上。Thinknomoreofit.别再想它了。Okay.Iacceptyourapology.好吧,我接受你的歉。Illgiveyouanotherchance.我再给你一次机会。,Functional-sentenceBank,ListeningandSpeaking,预读（Pre-reading）预读是每个读者必须掌握的一项基本阅读技巧。在我们正式阅读一本书之前，首先应该通过预读粗略地了解一下该书写的是什么内容。书籍预读主要包括以下七个方面：（1）思考标题的含义；（2）速读作者姓名与书籍出版日期；（3）看看封面或书中的照片或插图；（4）速读目录内容；（5）浏览索引或附录；（6）速读作者简介以及前言；（7）浏览书尾的参考书目。,LearningTips,ListeningandSpeaking,Part2ReadingTextATheDevelopmentoftheWaysofCommunicationPre-readingtask：Pre-readingtask:disscussthefollowingquestions1.Doyouknowthewaysofancientcommunication?2.Doyouknowthewaysofmoderncommunication?3.Whatdoyouthinkofmoderncommunication?,ListeningandSpeaking,Communicationistheprocessofattemptingtosuggestinformationfromasendertoareceiverwiththeuseofamedium.Thereareauditorymeans,suchasspeaking,singingandsometimestoneofvoice,andnonverbal,physicalmeans,suchasbodylanguage,signlanguage,paralanguage,touch,eyecontact,ortheuseofwriting.,ListeningandSpeaking,参考译文：沟通是一个将信息通过媒介从发送者传到接收者的过程。有听觉手段,如说话、唱歌，有时的语气，和非语言、物理方法，如肢体语言、符号语言、副语言、触摸、目光接触，或写作的使用。句子解析：Thereareauditorymeans,suchasspeaking,singingandsometimestoneofvoice,andnonverbal,physicalmeans,suchasbodylanguage,signlanguage,paralanguage,touch,eyecontact,ortheuseofwriting.前缀non-表示是“不、无、非”加在形容词，名词前non-existence（不存在），non-essential（不主要的），non-electrical（非电的）,ListeningandSpeaking,BeacontowerItsprimaryfunctionisusedforliaisonandscoutingintheancientChina.Iftheenemyinvadedduringtheday,thesoldierswouldmakealargevolumeofsmoketodeliverthemessage,andifatnight,theywouldstartafireinstead.,ListeningandSpeaking,Whenthesoldiersatthenexttowerreceivedthemessage,theywoulddothesamethingtotellthenexttower,andinthisway,allthecitygateswouldbeclosedontime,andallsoldierswerecombatready.,ListeningandSpeaking,参考译文：烽火台这些叫烽火台，古时候用来传递信息的。当敌人靠近的时候，离敌人最近的守军就在烽火台上点燃干柴，邻近的烽火台见到烽火后也燃起烟火。就这样敌人逼近的消息一站一站传递下去，所有的城门都将及时关闭，守军作好战斗的准备。,ListeningandSpeaking,句子解析：Iftheenemyinvadedduringtheday,thesoldierswillmakealargevolumeofsmoketodeliverthemessage,andifatnight,theywillstartafireinstead.and并列了两个复合句，构成并列复合句。两个复合句都包括了由if引导的条件状语从句。during表示“在的时候，在的期间”。,ListeningandSpeaking,CarrierpigeonItwasoneoftheancientcommunicationways.Becauseofthepigeonshominginstinct,theycanalwaysgetbackhomewhenevertheyare.Sotheancientpeopleboundedthelettertothepigeonsfoot,thenreleasedthepigeon,andthepigeonwouldsendthemessagetotheplacetheyhadcome.Butnowadays,thecarrierpigeonarenolongerusedforsendingletters,butusuallyusedforracing.Theyhavethereownspecialnumbersandcompetitioncriteria.,ListeningandSpeaking,参考译文：鸽子这是一种很古老的信息传递方式。因为鸽子有天生的归巢的本能，无论是阻隔千山万水还是崇山峻岭，它们都要回到自己熟悉和生活的地方，飞鸽传书，就是用信鸽，将信绑在信鸽腿上，再放飞，信鸽就会回到原来的地方，往哪写信就用哪个地方带来的信鸽。句子解析：Sotheancientpeopleboundedthelettertothepigeonsfoot,thenreleasedthepigeon,andthepigeonwouldsendthemessagetotheplacetheyhadcome.So引导结果状语从句。theyhadcome是省去that的定语从句，修饰先行词place。,ListeningandSpeaking,CursuspublicusAccordingtohistoricalrecords,CursuspublicusbegantobeusedasearlyasShangDynasty,andgotfurtherimprovedinZhouDynasty.Itusuallyhadaremotestationevery34kilometers,andeverystationhadsomehorsesgetreadyforthepostmantochange,andinthisway,theletterscouldbepasseddownonandon.,ListeningandSpeaking,参考译文：邮驿据历史资料记载，商朝时就已经有了邮驿，周朝时进一步得到了完善。那时的邮驿，在送信的大道上，每隔34里设有一个驿站，驿站中备有马匹，在送信过程中可以在站里换马换人，使官府的公文、信件能够一站接一站，不停地传递下去。句子解析：Accordingtohistoricalrecords,CursuspublicusbegantobeusedasearlyasShangDynasty,andgotfurtherimprovedinZhouDynasty.asearlyas表示“早在”。further表示“更多的”；“另一些”；“进一步的”；“而且”；“此外”等等：如：e.g.Ifyouneedfurtherinformation,Isuggestyougotothelibrary.如果你需要进一步的资料，我建议你去图书馆查查。,ListeningandSpeaking,Postman/mailmanItisoneoffamiliarmoderncommunicationways.Ifyouwanttosendaletter,youcangotothepostofficeandputyourlettersintotheletterbox.Andthenthemessengerwillsentthelettertotherightplace.Itissoeasythattheonlythingyouneedtodoiswaitforthepostmanbroughtyoutheanswer.Butthatisalengthyprocess.,ListeningandSpeaking,参考译文：邮递员这是一个熟悉的现代通信方式之一。如果您要发送的信函，您可以到邮局，把你的信投到信箱。然后邮递员将会把信送到正确的地方。它是那么容易，你需要做的唯一事情就是等待邮递员给你带来回复。但是，这是一个漫长的过程。句子解析：Itissoeasythattheonlythingyouneedtodoiswaitforthepostmanbroughtyoutheanswer.It是代词，指代“邮寄”。sothat表示“如此.以致”，引导结果状语从句。youneedtodo是省去that的定语从句，修饰thing。,ListeningandSpeaking,TelephoneThetelephoneisoneofthemostwelcomeandusefulinventions.Nowondermoreandmorefamilieshavegottousetheirowntelephonestoday.Thetelephonemakesthingseasyinmanyways.Especially,afterthemobiletelephoneappears,communicationbecomeseasierandrapider.Withthehelpofthetelephone,peoplecankeepintouchwithanyoneatanytimeandinanyplace.Allinall,thetelephoneissohelpfulthatwecansaythatnowadayswecannotlivewithoutthetelephoneinourdailylife.,ListeningandSpeaking,参考译文：电话电话是最欢迎的和有用的发明之一。难怪越来越多的家庭都使用自己的电话。在许多方面，电话使事情变得容易。尤其是，在移动电话出现以后，通讯变得更加快捷方便。有了电话的帮助，人们可以在任何时间，任何地点与任何人保持联系。总而言之，电话是如此有用，我们可以说，我们的日常生活不能没有电话。句子解析：Allinall,thetelephoneissohelpfulthatwecansaythatnowadayswecannotlivewithoutthetelephoneinourdailylife.Allinall表示“总的说来”。thatnowadayswecannotlivewithoutthetelephoneinourdailylife中的that引导宾语从句。,ListeningandSpeaking,InternetTheInternetisplayingamoreandmoreimportantpartinourdailylife.Onthenet,wecanlearnnewsbothathomeandabroadandallkindsofotherinformationaswell.TheInternethaschangedthewaypeoplecommunicatewitheachother.Wecansendmessagesbye-mail,makephonecalls,gotonetschool,readvariouskindsofbooksandlearnforeignlanguagesbyourselves.,ListeningandSpeaking,Youcanalsoasktheothersforhelpwhenyouareintroubleorwhenyouareconfusion.Onthenet,wecanevendoshoppingathome,haveachatwithothersandmakefriendswiththem.Inaword,theinternethasmadeourlifemorecolorfulandconvenient.,ListeningandSpeaking,参考译文：互联网互联网在我们的日常生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。在网络上，我们不仅可以了解国内外的新闻，还可以得到其他各种信息。互联网已经改变了人们相互沟通的方式。我们可以通过电子邮件发送信息，打电话，上网络学校，读各种各样的书，还可以自学外语。当你遇到麻烦，困惑时，您也可以寻求别人的帮助。在网络上，我们甚至可以在家购物，与他人聊天，与他们交朋友。总之，互联网已经使我们的生活更加丰富多彩，更加方便。句子解析：TheInternethaschangedthewaypeoplecommunicatewitheachother.peoplecommunicatewithea