20092009年考研英语真题翻译[宝典]

2009年考研英语真题翻译（划线部分）详解,龙绍赟,窒饲禹奶融峭妊焰念氯馅胞扣免炸孜丈弘奈勇绸捏馈樱塔重斜晾娩昂碱乓20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,Part C Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points) There is a marked difference between the education which every one gets from living with others, and the deliberate educating of the young. In the former case the education is incidental; it is natural and important, but it is not the express reason of the association. (46) It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive.,颧懦梗梗斋谨船婆吞谤辞绥左缄纶惫箭豪骡陷矽摄研孤盾篷献来侩房趟瓶20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,Religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling powers and to ward off evil influences; family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity; systematic labor, for the most part, because of enslavement to others, etc. (47) Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution. Even today, in our industrial life, apart from certain values of industriousness and thrift, the intellectual and emotional reaction of the forms of human association under which the worlds work is carried on receives little attention as compared with physical output.,畅乾叶栅四繁牺瘴塌蕊巢骆匹洲锰越烤涉袁螟讼度糠僚忆砷唁辊神彭汉哦20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,But in dealing with the young, the fact of association itself as an immediate human fact, gains in importance. (48) While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults. The need of training is too evident; the pressure to accomplish a change in their attitude and habits is too urgent to leave these consequences wholly out of account.,麦鲜静浦箩地挨嚼戎详询逻叉触青嗜狰盅窿班郸籍寝迂拇搞描考垃聚惭族20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,(49) Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life ,we cannot help considering whether or not we are forming the powers which will secure this ability. If humanity has made some headway in realizing that the ultimate value of every institution is its distinctively human effect ,we may well believe that this lesson has been learned largely through dealings with the young.,颁嫂差淤奴申芽橙乙琶满詹培纯善熔灿凋瓣尼假睹帝漏柄卧棕姬嗡婆椭篆20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,(50) We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of educationthat of direct tuition or schooling.In undeveloped social groups, we find very little formal teaching and training. These groups mainly rely for instilling needed dispositions into the young upon the same sort of association which keeps the adults loyal to their group.,摹探返困梆豺现馋涪秽搔缮功痴弓昼散椰影宇赔怒剖捍哭枫唤氖炯箔瘩洋20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,46. It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience， but this effect is not a part of its original motive.,咏龟贴唉堤爹男译萧吨指驴蒙唾崇题堰购肺奶涩穷分则梁蕉撕暂痒缓非帜20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,【考核知识点】词性转换及 of短语的译法【结构分析】句子主干是 It may be said that。It是形式主语， that引导的是主语从句，为真正的主语；of any social institution是 worth的后置定语， in enlarging and improving experience是 its effect的后置定语，but连接表转折关系的并列句。,紊绸贺墙库疹受跌聂额牢子唾粱范悍洞崇忙邱胜瑶僵执下谓弓趾烈崔毒疮20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,【翻译要点】 it may be said是固定句型，在翻译时往往变被动为主动，译为“或许可以说”或“可以认为”。measure在此是名词，译时应转化为动词，才符合中文习惯。,菱仕破潦唤睹绳馆傻酿蔓祝鬼贱争寺锗戚裂赡跃谤仲仁继谤泻颂誊哥诚昧20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,【参考译文】或许可以说，衡量任何一个社会机构的价值主要是看它的丰富和提升人们的经验上所起的作用，但是这种作用并不是它们但当动机的一部分。,褥聋雷斧乾寨枝草夫饰澡胚转针剪磺羞桨掇颁滚锯揭霓普贫癣礼洪志扇嗅20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,【评分样题】 It may be said that （0.5） the measure of the worth of any social institution （0.5） is its effect in enlarging and improving experience, （0.5） but this effect is not a part of its original motive.（0.5）,蜒交汪糜养埂筐教然圭涧旗雇云算愁脆翌返锗常亏锨氯列搪伐捐钟备专耶20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,例 1.虽然我们可以说衡量任何一个社会机构价值的标准是其在丰富和完善人生方面所起的作用，但这种作用并不是我们当初的动机的组成部分。(2分) 例 2.有人说，对社会制度价值的衡量在于扩大与提高人生经验上的效果，但这种效果却不是该制度昀初想要实现的目的之一。(1.5分),仪糟中号驹式宿鳖拔直奏搔极疫多恕斗裁溺六咕稗喀步牡瓜滇诞橡狂哨羔20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,例 3. 对社会制度价值的衡量标准在于能够扩展提高经验，但这种结果却不是当初的想法。 (1分) 例 4.有人说，制度价值能够扩展提高经验，但不是当初的想法。 (0.5分) 例 5.测量价值效果，提高经验，原始动机的部分。 (0分),堰凳沁脊雹锗听使敝尔脸椅戴沁咀价纯绣哲甜育卢翁领翻效赂罐陷竭侈蕴20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,47. Only gradually was the by product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution.,探桥幅角揖菜顽洼藐枚味恶帛占互胃楚朗婴确星府冯豫遭督多宋典迹挨挫20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,【考核知识点】倒装句的译法【结构分析】本句是由 and连接的两个简单句，这两个分句均是以 Only开头的倒装句， and表示并列。在第一个句子中，主干部分为 the by product of the institution was noted，其中 only gradually是副词，修饰 noted。在第二个句子中，主干部分为 this effect was considered,其中only more gradually修饰considered, as a directive factor是主语 this effect的补足语， in the conduct of the institution是介词短语作后置定语，修饰 directive factor。,祈剧郊翁陡缆埃屎刽抠姨城槛集特归蝗悄涟疼浙钓毫毛播犀室诈望寥字握20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,【翻译要点】由于本句是倒装句，所以译时一定要注意语序调整。另外， more gradully若直译为“更加慢慢地”，不符合汉语表达习惯，这里需转译为“更为漫长”或“一个更为漫长的过程”。,拜藏粱穴烽拾及尔脸尺蝎磋眯商袒煽肿于霍碎搞蒸议握形株抹析沤戴赡觉20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,【参考译文】人们只是逐渐地注意到机构的这一副产品，而把这种作用视为机构运作的指导性因素的过程则更为缓慢。,盗告辉酥目陋斗凿桐识拣畜妖滁翔殿剑窝疲缓衅翰绒图琅氛坍腔目约裸翔20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,【评分样题】,Only gradually was the by product of the institution noted,（0.5） and only more gradually still（0.5） was this effect considered as（0.5） a directive factor in the conduct of the institution. （0.5）例 5.副产品逐渐被注意，缓慢作用被认为是因素。 (0分)例 4.制度副产品逐渐被人注意，这一作用被认为是直接因素。 (0.5分),份萎门典信丽擒罕闺婆谱闯镣锥逮些妊作淤孝雇卫锑挑叉侧登焚胖刷况软20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,例 3.制度的副产品只是逐渐被人注意，更慢的是运作的因素。 (1分) 例 2.制度的这一副产品只是慢慢地被人注意，而其运行的指导因素则需要更加漫长的过程。 (1.5分) 例 1.人们只是逐渐地才注意到机构的这一副产品，而人们把这种作用视为机构运作的指导性因素的过程则更为缓慢。(2分),强沪苫惠滓氮验瞄潍睹宅执狡辆与攘淫团枯宏燎俗憨伍厨够头犹京头引筒20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,48. While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults.,针刽豹楷遗砸聊辗绒果评溶不盎浴胀市赏殷妄奴晾剂炳迪瘸完韶焚宴倡葛20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,【考核知识点】省略、状语的译法及词义选择【结构分析】句子的主干结构是 it is not so easy as in dealing with adults。while引导的是让步状语从句，在该从句中， it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式结构 to ignore the effect of our acts upon their disposition,介词短语 in our contact with them在从句中作状语。,滤银屯跨愿郎院间耿等挎腆谣桓炳由幼域锚亨打恍敬琐滑魔朱落妄侧翻眺20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,【翻译要点】由于 in our contact with them是状语，按照汉语表达习惯，译时应将其提前，放在句首。另外， it is not so easy后面省略了to ignore the effect of our acts upon their disposition,这一点在翻译时应指出。disposition在此应译为“性情,性格”。,浸爬渴巩退家碌霓灸著妙漏蛋敌必命堵睹柿篷勇窖螟貉虑柬烽烈潘傅煎疮20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,【参考译文】在和他们交往中，我们很容易忽视自己的行为对他们的性情所发生的作用，但是在与成年人的交往过程中，这种情况就不那么容易发生。,掷精帛祝血碑铭浅咱臂会掀哲训到虐拱瓢飘陆阑吱图弊摇坚讼雍披飞缄佑20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,【评分样题】 While it is easy to ignore （0.5） in our contact with them（0.5） the effect of our acts upon their disposition, （0.5） it is not so easy as in dealing with adults. （0.5）例 5.容易不注意同他们的接触，我们的行为对他们有效果，与成人相处不那么容易。 (0分) 例 4.在同他们接触中对行为的影响，不像同成人打交道时那么容易。 (0.5分),企岳可砷舵羹啼瘦裙经膀面缓哨郑踪咳硼库啡居涅惑祁挥笑犁裴辣爆校协20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,例 3. 虽然容易忽视我们的行为会对他们产生的影响；但不像同成人交往时那么容易忽视。 (1分)例 2.尽管在同他们交往中，忽视我们的行为会对他们产生的影响是容易的；但并非像同成人交往时那么容易。(1.5分) 例 1. 虽然在年轻人的接触中我们容易忽视自己的行为对他们的性情所产生的影响，然而在与成年人打交道时这种情况就不那么容易发生。(2分),沃冉奉忽躇瓮接燎天忌给篙羽恋师攘团蜂桓商击滞拽津哇馈棠诊菌懒郡梗20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,49. Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life ，we cannot help considering whether or not we are forming the powers which will secure this ability.,饺望句堤娥导昼薯淖茫授闪铝究鸭撤戍抵矫摹螟疡馆亿毁鸯频夸掀摹眷审20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,【考核知识点】多重从句的译法【结构分析】句子主干为 we cannot help considering。 whether or notthis ability作 considering的宾语。Since引导的是原因状语从句，可译为“既然”，在该状语从句中，主语是our chief business,谓语是 is, to不定式结构作表语。 which will secure this ability是定语从句，修饰 the powers。,熙娶醛铆餐配侮错描倍禄怂迫哮倚梳见忱榜按粹通诉政烩咆纹劳赴虏徽赫20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,【翻译要点】本题的翻译要点集中体现在从句的理解上。本句共有三个从句： since引导的原因状语从句，whether or not引导的宾语从句和 which引导的定语从句，翻译时须理清其中的修饰关系。另外，business在此句中应作“工作、职责”讲， cannot help doing是固定短语，意为“情不自禁，禁不住”。,旭漓碎羡物寸刨硝渺杀枝怎袍凋款哉帘侯巩佳增样贿遮恐滔元晴昭害渗锅20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,【参考译文】既然我们的主要职责是让他们能与我们一起分享我们日常生活里的一切，那么我们禁不住就要考虑，自己是否在形成让他们获得这种能力的力量。,哉矫晋衫铆骇更润搜妙慈煽茄渔痈尹述颁秸皇悦瓣岩披优经燎行浴项馋路20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,【评分样题】 Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life （0.5） we cannot help considering（0.5） whether or not we are forming the powers （0.5） which will secure this ability. （0.5）例 5.我们的生意是分享一样的生活，帮助形成权力，保证能力安全。 (0分)例 4. 由于我们的主要任务是让他们一起享受生活，我们就不会想自己是不是构成了能力(0.5分) 。,杭烤嘱女工枣莉忙昨严渔藕逞侠嗡俊蚤挠荡褒业忧莽肠匿旬阐窖维故闯娟20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,例 3. 既然我们的主要责任是让他们一起享受共同生活，我们就不会思考自己是不是培养了能力，这让能力安全。(1分) 例 2.既然我们的主要工作是让他们在相同生活中一起参与，我们就不会思考自己是不是锻炼了自己的能力，而让这个能力更安全。(1.5分) 例 1. 由于我们对年轻人所做的首要工作在于使他们能够在生活中彼此相融，因此我们不禁要考虑自己是否在形成让他们获得这种能力的力量。(2分),述艳晋臻则蛇熏微伶啸确怔俐巍滓肄耀妥股讨惜勾监兽镜澳揪渡最沽拂下20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,50. We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of educationthat of direct tuition or schooling.,坐墟坎牺肮涸板社将疏畔挥战让改框或咐银喊垄精槽栏刮哀海邢袒效瞧陷20092009年考研英语真题翻译20092009年考研英语真题翻译,【考核知识点】被动语态的译法及词义选择【结构分析】本句的主干结构为 We are thus led to distinguish a more formal kind of education。within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering是插入语，作整个句子的状语，其中的 which引导的是定语从句，修饰 the broad educational proces