高教社高职高专《英语》Book1-Unit2

IntroducingPeopletoEachOther,-Unit2-,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,1.DialogueA2.DialogueB3.PassageA,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,1.CheckYourUnderstanding2.BuildupYourlanguagestock3.PickUpYourGrammar4.MerryLearning,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Lizzy,ThisisMyFriend(LiHongisthemutualfriendofLizzyandZhang.ZhangworksattheGuestHouseoftheTechnicalSchool.ShewantstolearnEnglishfromLizzy.LiHongisintroducinghertoLizzy.),BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Li:Goodevening,Lizzy.CouldItakeafewminutesofyourtime?Lizzy:Oh,itsyou,LiHong.WhatcanIdoforyou?Li:Lizzy,thisismyfriend,Zhang.Zhang,thisisLizzy.Zhang:Howdoyoudo,Lizzy?,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Lizzy:Howdoyoudo?Gladtomeetyou.Zhang:Lizzy.ZhangwantstolearnEnglishfromyou.Lizzy:OK.Itwouldbemypleasure.Zhang:Thankyou,Lizzy.Youaresokind.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,LiYing,ThisIsMr.Brown(Nowsummervacationisapproaching.LiYingwantstogetapart-timejobinajointventure.LizzyisintroducinghertoMichaelBrown,themanagerofthecompany.),BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Lizzy:Hello,Mr.Brown.Howareyou?Manager:Fine,Lizzy.Andhowareyou?Lizzy:Imfine,thanks.Mr.Brown,mayIintroducemyfriendLiYingtoyou?SheisanoutstandingstudentinourschoolandshespeaksgoodEnglish.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Li:Howdoyoudo,Mr.Brown?Manager:Pleasedtomeetyou,LiYing.IveheardquitealotaboutyoufromLizzy.Doyouwanttoworkforamonthinmycompany?Li:Idloveto.Idliketogetabitofreallifeexperience.Couldyouoffermethechance?,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,NoTimeforFormalityAmericanpeoplearealwaysinahurry.Itseemstheydonthavetimeforformality.SoAmericaninformalityiswellknown.Butyoumaystillfeelsomewhatsurprisedatthis“lackofrespect.”Thisisespeciallytrueinthebusinessworld.MostAmericanshave,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,littleconcernfor“rank”or“title”.Theyoftenusefirstnamesuponmeetingpeopleforthefirsttime.Theymayintroducetheirfriendtoyouinthisway:“LiHong,thisisMarySmith.”Inthissituation,youarefreetocallthelady“Mary”or“MissSmith”.American,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,peopledonotalwaysshakehandsuponmeetingstrangers.Theyoftenjustsmileandsay“Hi”or“Hello”.ToAmericanpeople,suchaninformalgreetingreallymeansthesamethingasaformalhandshaking.Similarly,Americanpeopledonothavea,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,formal“farewell”.Theywilljustwave“good-bye”tothewholegroup.Orperhaps,theywillsimplysay“Bye”or“Solong”andthenleave.Therearenohandshakesinmostcases.ToAmericans,afriendly,informalrelationshipisthemostimportantthing.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Arethefollowingstatementstrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtoDialogueA?,1,1.LiHongisafriendofbothLizzyandZhang.2.ZhangworksasareceptionistattheGuestHouse.3.LiHongwantsLizzytohelpherwithherEnglish.4.LiHongintroducesLizzyandZhangtoeachother.,T,F,F,T,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,5.Theintroductiontakesplaceintheafternoon.6.ZhangisfirstintroducedtoLizzy.7.ZhangishappytohelpLizzy.8.Lizzyisveryfriendly.,F,T,F,T,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,CompletethefollowingstatementsaccordingtoDialogueB.,2,Thesummer_iscomingsoon.LiYingwantstogetapart-timejob_.MichealBrownis_ofthecompany.4._introducesLiYingtoMr.Brown.,vacation,inajointventure,themanager,Lizzy,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,LiYingspeaksEnglishvery_accordingtoLizzy.6.LizzytellsMr.Brownquite_aboutLiYing.Mr.BrownasksLiYingifsheintendstoworkinhiscompanyfor_.LiYinghopesMr.Brownwillgiveher_.,well,alot,amonth,achance,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,SelectthebestchoiceaccordingtoPassageA.,3,WhichisnottrueofAmericanpeopleaccordingtothepassage?_a.Theyarealwaysinahurry.b.Theyseemtohavenotimeforformality.c.Theyarewellknownfortheirinformality.d.Theyshownorespectforeachother.,d,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,WhenAmericanpeopleareintroducedtooneanother,theyusually_.a.say“Howareyou?”b.smileandsay“Hi”c.laughloudlyandsay“Hello”d.shakehandswitheachother,b,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,WhenanAmericanfriendJohnHutchinsonisintroducedtoyou,youmaygreethimbysaying_.a.“Hello,Hutchinson”b.“Hi,Mr.John”c.“Gladtomeetyou,John”d.“Nicetomeetyou,JohnHutchinson”,c,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,ToAmericanpeople,_.rmalitymeanspolitenessc.TitleorTankisuselessd.handshakingisnotfriendly,a,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,5.“Americanpeopledonothaveaformalfarewell”means_.a.theydontsaygood-byetoeachotherb.theyareinformalinsayinggood-byetoeachotherc.theyonlywavehandstoagroupofpeopled.theysay“solong”insteadof“good-bye”,b,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Matchsynonyms(同义词)andantonyms(反义词)inthefollowingcolumns.Synonyms,6,e,f,a,c,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,g,h,b,d,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Antonyms,p,n,l,o,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,j,m,k,i,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.,MyteacherandIhavealotofmutualunderstandingaboutthisproblem._IdliketolearnaboutBeijingoperafromyou._,7,在这个问题上我的老师和我有许多共识。,我想向你了解京剧。,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,3.CouldIborrowthisbookfromyou?_Sure.Whynot?Itwouldbemyplea-sure._4.Thehotelprovidesforeignguestswithverygoodservice._,我能借你的这本书吗？,当然，为什么不能？我很乐意借给你。,这家宾馆向外宾提供良好的服务。,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,5.Herbrotherstudiesatatechnicalschool._CouldItakeafewminutesofyourtime,doctor?_,她的弟弟在一所技校学习。,医生，我可以占用你几分钟的时间吗？,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Fillintheblankswiththewordsandexpressionsinthetable.,8,especiallyhavelittleconcernforinmostcasesjointmutualrelationshiprankssimilarly,Sistersusuallyhavealotofthingsincommon.Thisis_truefortwin(双胞胎)sisters.Thereisaveryclose,especially,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,_amongtwinsisters._,theyact_oreventhinkinthesameway.Forexample,ifoneofthemisnotinterestedin_,thentheothermay_titles.Twinsistersmayalsohavesome_interests.Ifoneofthemlovespainting,thentheothermay_thehobbywithhersister.Theycanworkina_effort.,relationship,Inmostcases,similarly,ranks,havelittleconcernfor,mutual,share,joint,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,实义动词have在主谓宾结构中的基本用法：有实义动词have在肯定句、否定句和疑问句中的用法举例(一般现在时)：,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,1.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.,1.我有一个弟弟和一个妹妹。_2.他没有兄弟姐妹。_,Ihaveayoungerbrotherandayoungersister.,Hedoesnothaveanybrothersorsisters.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,3.史密斯先生有几个孩子？_4.你有10元钱吗？_,HowmanychildrendoesMr.Smithhave?,Doyouhavetenyuan?,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,5.他们什么时候吃晚饭？_6.今天我们没有英语课。_,Whendotheyhavetheirsupper?,WedonothaveEnglishclasstoday.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,7.你有英汉词典吗？_8.对不起，我们现在没有汽车。_,DoyouhaveanEnglish-Chinesedictionary?,Sorry,wedonothaveacarnow.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Whendopeopledecidewhetherornottheywanttobecomefriends?Duringtheirfirstfourminutestogether,accordingtoabookbyDr.LeonardZunin.InhisbookContact:TheFirstFourMinutes,heoffersthisadvicetoanyoneinterestedinstartingnewfriendships:“Everytimeyoumeetsomeoneinasocialsituation,givehimyourundividedattentionforfourminutes.Alotof,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,peopleswholeliveswouldchangeiftheydidjustthat.”Youmayhavenoticedthattheaveragepersondoesnotgivehisundividedattentiontosomeonehehasjustmet.Hekeepslookingovertheotherpersonsshoulder,asifhopingtofindsomeonemoreinterestinginanotherpartoftheroom.Ifanyonehaseverdonethistoyou,youprobablydidnotlikehimverymuch.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Whenweareintroducedtonewpeople,theauthorsuggests,weshouldtrytoappearfriendlyandself-confident.Ingeneral,hesays,“Peoplelikepeoplewholikethem-selves.”Ontheotherhand,weshouldnotmaketheotherpersonthinkwearetoosureofourselves.Itisimportanttoappearinterestedandsympathetic,realizingthattheotherpersonhashisownneeds,fears,andhopes.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,CouldItakeafewminutesofyourtime?,我能占用你几分钟时间吗？could:是情态动词can的过去式，表示与过去有关的能力和推测:,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,e.g.MymotherknewIcouldmakethebedbymyself.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,同时，could还可以代替can表示请求，但语气较can客气、委婉，本课所用即是此义：e.g.Couldyoulendmeyourbike?,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,注：这一用法还可推广到多数其他情态动词，语法上有时称作“婉转过去式”。本课后面出现的Itwouldbemypleasure中的would也属这一用法。,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Nowsummervacationisapproaching.,暑期快要到了。isapproaching:此处的现在进行时be+V-ing用来表示即将发生的事情。e.g.WhatareyoudoingnextSunday?你下个星期要干什么？,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,此外，现在进行时动词常与always,continually,constantly等副词连用，表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作。这种用法常表示说话人的某种感情，如赞扬、遗憾、讨厌或不满等。e.g.Mywifeisalwaysbuyingclothes.我妻子老买衣服。,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Idloveto.,是的，我很想。这是一个省略句，不定式符号to后省略了workforamonth。在不影响意思的前提下，为避免重复，句中某些部分可以省略。请注意，省略动词后的不定式时需保留不定式符号to。,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,e.g.Canyoucometoourpartythisevening?你能来参加我们的聚会吗？Idloveto,butImafraidIcant.我很想，但恐怕我不能来。,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Therearenohandshakesinmostcases.,在一般情况下是不握手的。此句是“therebe结构”，there是引导词，本身无意义，be是谓语动词，它后面的名词是主语。应注意谓语要和后面的主语保持数的一致。,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Therebe句的否定结构有两种：thereis/arenotany和thereis/areno。如果句中有并列主语，谓语常与最接近它的那个主语保持一致。,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,e.g.Thereisnotanypersonintheroom.Thereisnooneintheroom.房间里没有人。,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,e.g.Thereisabookandtwopensonmydesk.Therearetwopensandabookonmydesk.桌子上有一本书和两支笔。/桌子上有两支笔和一本书。,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,mutual,a.equallysharedbyeachone共同的e.g.Wehavemutualinterests.Mr.andMrs.Smithhaveamutualloveofflowers.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Usage:人们常用mutual指“两个或多个人或事物共同拥有的”,如mutualfriends(共同的朋友)，ourmutualinterests(我们共同的兴趣),BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,mutuallyad.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,vacation,n.BrE.aperiodoftheyearwhenuniversities,collegesorlawcourtsareofficiallyclosed(英国英语)休假期，寒暑假；AmE.anyperiodofholiday(美国英语)假期，假日e.g.HehasgonetoGermanyonvacation.Iworkedinasmalltravelagencyduringlastsummervacation.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,v.esp.AmE.tohaveavacation(美)休假；度假e.g.MybrotherisvacationingintheSouth.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Usage:在英国英语中，holiday指不工作的假期或节假日，美国英语称之为vacation。,e.g.Whereareyougoingforyourholiday?士兵及政府官员休假称为goonleave,leave也用于sickleave(病假)，leaveofabsence(缺席)等用语中。,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,approach,v.tocomenearornearer走近，靠近e.g.Weapproachedwithcare.Thetimeisapproachingwhenwemustleave.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,n.(to)theactofapproaching行近，接近e.g.Theapproachofwinterbringscoldweather.amannerormethodofdoingsome-thing方法,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,e.g.Hisbookpresentsanewapproachtotheproblem.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,approachable,a.abletobereached可接近的；随和的e.g.YoullfindProfessorWatersaveryapproachableperson.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,manager,n.amanwhocontrolsabusiness经理e.g.OurmanagerisanAmerican.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,experience,n.thegainingofknowledgeorskillwhichcomesfrompracticeratherthanfrombooks经验(来自实际工作而非书本的知识与技能)e.g.Weneedateacherwithyearsexperience.Experienceisasimportantasknowledge.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,n.somethingthathappenstooneandhasaneffectonthemindandfeelings经历e.g.Ourjourneybycamelwasquiteanexperience.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Usage:experience,当“经验”讲时是不可数名词；当“经历”讲时是可数名词。,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,experienced,a.havingtherightkindofexperience有经验的e.g.Heisveryexperiencedinmendingcars.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,chance,n.afavourableoccasion;opportunity好机会e.g.Inevermissachanceofplayingfootball.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Usage:比较chance与opportunity：,chance指偶然的机会，而opportunity则指有利的机遇。二者经常可以换用，但含义略有不同。,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,e.g.Ihadthechance/opportunityofvisitingParis.Ihadnoopportunity/chancetoseehim.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,hurry,n.haste;quickactivity匆忙；匆促,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Phrase:inahurry,匆忙地；匆促地e.g.Youmakemistakesifyoudothingsinahurry.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,seem,v.togivetheideaoreffectofbeing;beinappearance;appear似乎；看似；好像e.g.Iseemtohavecaughtacold.ItseemslikeyearssinceIlastsawyou.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,seeming,a.thatseemstobeso,usu.asopposedtowhatactuallyisso表面上的；外表上的e.g.Itsjustaseemingpieceofgoodluck.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,seemingly,ad.accordingtowhatappearstobe,usu.opposedtowhatactuallyisso似乎；表面上e.g.Someseeminglygoodluckbroughtusnothingbuttrouble.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,ad.asfarasonecantell;evidently就（我们）所知而言；看样子e.g.Seeminglythereisnothingwecandotostoptheplangoingahead.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,informality,n.thestateorqualityofbeinginformal不正规，非正式e.g.OppositetoAmericaninformality,Englishmenalwaysbehaveformally.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,somewhat,ad.bysomedegreeoramount;alittle;rather有点儿；稍微e.g.Iamsomewhattiredofthiswork.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,surprised,a.astonished,amazed吃惊的e.g.Iwassurprisedatseeinghimthere.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Usage:surprise,指“由于出乎意外而惊异或诧异”。e.g.Hiscomingsurprisedme.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,lack,n.absenceofneed缺少，没有e.g.Theplantsdiedthrough/forlackofwater.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,especially,ad.toaparticularlygreatdegree特别是e.g.IloveBeijing,especiallyinsummer.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,business,n.tradeforgettingmoney生意e.g.Howsbusiness?Afterschoolshewentintobusiness.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Phrase:onbusiness,出公差e.g.Imhereonbusiness,notforpleasure.Businessisbusiness.公事公办,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,concern,n.seriouscareorinterest关心,关注e.g.Sheexpressedherdeepconcernformeinherletter.Shesaiditwasnothingspecial,justafriendsconcern.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,concerned,a.anxious,worried担心的,挂念的e.g.Theconcernedmothersanxiouslywaitedfortheirchildren.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,concerning,prep.about;withregardto关于;有关e.g.Concerningyourletter,Iampleasedtoinformyouthatyourplansarequiteacceptabletous.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,title,n.awordorname,suchasMr.,Mrs.,Doctor,Professor,etc.,giventoaper-sontobeusedbeforehis/hersurnamenameasasignofrank,profession,etc.称号,头衔e.g.Somepersonsthinktitleisveryimportantforthem.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,situation,n.apositionorconditionatthemoment;stateofaffairs形势；情形e.g.IminadifficultsituationandIdontknowwhattodo.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,Usage:比较conditions与situation二字，除了其他意义外，这两个字都可以译作“状况”，“情况”。,e.g.theeconomicconditions/situation经济情况conditions多指日常条件与状况，但situation则可能指国家或国际形势与状况。,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,shake,v.totakeandholdsomeonesrighthandinonesownforamoment,sometimesmovingitupanddown,asasignofgreeting,goodbye,agreement,orpleasure,hephr.shakehandswithsomeone(握手)e.g.Thetwomenshookhandswitheachother.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,mean,v.torepresent(ameaning)意思是；意味着e.g.WhatdoesthisFrenchwordmean?Theredlightmeansno?,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,a.ungenerous;unkind吝啬的；卑鄙的e.g.Letmegoout;dontbesomeantome.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,a.average平均的e.g.Themeanyearlyrainfallis15inches.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,n.anaverageamount,figure,orvalue平均值（数）e.g.Themeanof2,3,and5isfoundbyaddingthemtogetheranddividingthemby3.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,formal,a.ceremonial;accordingtoacceptedrulesorcustoms礼仪的；正式的e.g.Thisisaformaldinnerparty.Businesslettersmustalwaysbeformal,butweshouldwriteinanaturalwaytofriends.,BeforeReadingDetailedReadingAfterReadingQuit,formality,n.carefulattentiontorulesandac