新世纪大英2--unit2-课件有翻译

,Unit3BeingTruetoOnesSelf,Objectives,PartIVideoStarter,PartIITextA,PartIIITextB,PartIVAdditionalTheme-RelatedActivities,Exercises,Exercises,Outline,Fromstudyingthisunit,studentsareexpectedtolearnhowtobetruetothemselves;mastercertainusefulsentencestructures(e.g.withoutdoingsth.)aswellasthewordsandexpressionsthattheexercisesfollowingTextAfocusupon;understandhowtobuildandusewordsusingthesuffixly;andbeabletoexpresstheiropinionaboutwhatstepsshouldbetakentoachieveself-respect.,Objectives,PartIVideoStarter,Tobegin,wellwatchavideoclipandtrytograspitsmessage.Gettingtoknowthewordsandexpressionsintheboxbelowfirstmaybehelpful.,PartIVideoStarter,VideoClip,【Script】,Askthestudentsthefollowingquestionsafterlisteningandwatchingifyouhaveenoughtime:,1.Whatdoesthespeakerbeginwith?2.HowdidAbrahamLincolnreceivethenickname“HonestAbe”?3.Whatishonestyaccordingtothespeaker?,HisappreciationofDenisWaitleysideasinhisarticle.,Whenheworkedinastore,hewalkedformilesjusttogiveawomansixcentshehadovercharged.,_,_,Nottolie,nottocheat,nottohideanyunpleasantfacts;justtellThetruth.Honestyisasimplebutprimaryvirtue.,_,4.Whatdoexperiencesshow?5.Whatdoestheproverbsay?6.Whatsthemessageonyourmind?,Honestycanguideusontheroadtosuccess,whiledishonestyleadsnowhere.,Weshouldbetruetoourselvesandlearnfromhonestpeopleinhistory.,Honestyisthebestpolicy,whichsignifiestheimportanceofhonesty.,_,_,_,NowthatthestudentshavefullyunderstoodtheVideoStarter,youcanasksomeofthemtodub（配音）thevideo,iftimepermits.Correcttheirerrorsinpronunciationandintonation.,PartIITextA,HowtoBeTruetoYourselfFollowTheseSureStepstoSelf-RespectDenisWaitley,Itisnoteasyatalltobetruetooneself.Onehastofollowsomestepsifhewantstobetruetohimselfandgainself-respect.,Howdoyouunderstandthetitle?,QuestionAbouttheTitle,如何坦诚做人踏着稳健的步伐迈向自尊丹尼斯维特利,ChineseVersion,DenisWaitley(1933-):Oneofthemostsought-after（受追捧的）keynote（主旨）speakersandproductivityconsultantsintheworldtoday.HisclientsandaudienceincludeFortune500topexecutivesandmulti-nationalcorporations;smallbusinessownersandentrepreneurs（企业家）;SuperBowl（超级碗）andOlympicchampions;astronautsandU.S.ArmedForces;worldleadersandforeigngovernments;educatorsandyouthgroups.,self-respect:n.thefeelingthatyouareasimportantorasgoodasotherpeopleandthatyoushouldnotallowthemtotreatyoubadly自尊,e.g.,destroysb.sself-respect摧毁某人的自尊心Shehasgottoomuchself-respecttobegherboyfriendtostay.她自尊心太强了，不会去求男朋友留下的。,Mygrandparentsbelievedyouwereeitherhonestoryouwerent.Therewasnoin-between.Theyhadasimplemottohangingontheirliving-roomwall:“Lifeislikeafieldofnewlyfallensnow;whereIchoosetowalkeverystepwillshow.”Theydidnthavetotalkaboutittheydemonstratedthemottobythewaytheylived.,Ishonestyamatterofdegreeintheauthorsgrandparentseyes?,QuestionsAboutThisParagraph,No.Oneiseitherhonestornothonest,accordingtohisgrandparents.,2)Whatdoesthemottomean?,Itmeansthatwhateverwedowillproduceaneffect,goodorbad,tellingotherswhatkindofpeopleweare.,我的爷爷奶奶相信，一个人要么是诚实的，要么就是不诚实的，不存在两者之间的情况。他们起居室墙上挂着一句简朴的格言:“人生就像一片刚下过雪的田野，我选择走的每一步都会留下印迹。”他们不需多说他们以自己的生活方式践行这条格言。,ChineseVersion,in-between:n.anintermediatething中国的人（或物），非此非彼的人（或物）,e.g.,conservatives,radicals,andin-betweens保守派、激进派和中间派Onedresswastoosmart,theothertoocasual;shehadnoin-between.一件衣服太时髦，另一件却太随便。她没有介于这两类之间的衣服。,motto:n.ashortstatementthatexpressessth.suchasaprincipleoranaim,oftenusedasastatementofbeliefbyanorganizationorindividual座右铭，格言,e.g.,ThemottoofTianjinUniversityis“SeekTruthfromFacts”.天津大学的校训是“实事求是”。Thebusinessmanbelievesinthemottothatthecustomercomesfirst.这个商人相信“顾客至上”这句座右铭。,demonstrate:v.toshowsb.howtodosth.bydoingityourself示范,e.g.,MyfatherdemonstratesforcefullythatIshouldnevershyawayfromachallengeforfearoflosing.家父很有说服力地向我示范，我永远不能因为害怕失败而逃避挑战。Hewilldemonstratetechniquesandapproachesandhelpuswithourquestionsastheyarise.他会演示如何运用这些技术和方法，并帮助我们解决出现的问题。,Theyunderstoodinstinctivelythatintegritymeanshavingapersonalstandardofmoralityandethicsthatdoesnotsellout1toexpediencyandthatisnotrelativetothesituationathand2.Integrityisaninnerstandardforjudgingyourbehavior.Unfortunately,integrityisinshortsupply3todayandgettingscarcer.Butitistherealbottomline4ineveryareaofsociety.Anditissomethingwemustdemandofourselves.AgoodtestforthisvalueistolookatwhatIcalltheIntegrityTriad,whichconsistsof5threekeyprinciples:,1.向屈服，投降；出卖2.近在手边3.短缺4.底线5.由组成,1)Howdidtheyunderstandintegrity?,QuestionsAboutThisParagraph,Itmeanshavingapersonalstandardofmoralityandethicsthatdoesnotgiveintoonespersonalinterestorchangesassituationdiffers.,2)Domostpeopleshowintegritytoday?,No.Integrityisinshortsupplytodayandisgettingscarcer.,3)Whatdoestheauthormeanbysayingthatintegrity“istherealbottomlineineveryareaofsociety”?,Hemeansthatintegrityisthemostbasicthingineveryaspectofsociallife.,他们本能地知道，正直就是具有自己的道德和伦理准则，这个准则不会屈服于自己的眼前利益，也不会随当下的情形而发生变化。正直是判断自己行为的心灵准则。遗憾的是，正直在今天可是个稀缺物，而且越来越稀罕。但它是社会每个领域真正的底线，是我们必须对自己要求的东西。对这种美德很有效的考验就是我所称的“正直三元素”，它由三个主要原则组成：,ChineseVersion,instinctively:ad.withoutthinking,becauseofnaturaltendencyorability本能地,e.g.,Anyonewithadesirefortruthwillinstinctivelydothis.任何渴望真理的人都会本能地这样做。Heknewinstinctivelythatthesuccessofwhathesaidnowwoulddependonhowhesaidit.他本能地知道他此时说的话成功与否取决于他怎样去说。,integrity:n.thequalityofalwaysbehavingaccordingtothemoralprinciplesthatyoubelievein,sothatpeoplerespectandtrustyou正直,e.g.,amanofintegrity一位正直的人Hisbehavioronthatoccasioncallshisintegrityintoquestion.他在那个场合的行为让人们对他的正直产生怀疑。,morality:n.principlesofrightorwrongbehaviour道德,e.g.,commercialmorality商业道德SomereligionsincludingChristianityhaveinthelastfewcenturiesemphasizedindividualmoralitytotheneglectofpublicmorality.包括基督教在内的一些宗教，在过去的几个世纪里强调个人道德，而忽视了公共道德。,sellout:todosth.thatshowsyounolongerhavethesamemoralprinciplesthatyouusedtohave向屈服,e.g.,Circumstanceshadobligedhimtosellouttothreeyoungerpartners.情况迫使他向三个年轻的伙伴屈服。Theofficerwaschargedwithsellingouttotheenemy.这名军官被指控投敌。,expediency:n.theuseofmethodsthatproduceanimmediateresultorsolutiontoaproblem,butmaynotbefairorhonest自身利害考虑；权宜之计,e.g.,sacrificemoralityforexpediency为了眼前利益而不顾道德Expediencyisapoorreasonfordoinganything.做任何事只考虑自身利益是个差劲的理由。,athand:closeandeasytoreach近在手边,e.g.,Athome,Ialwayskeepadictionaryathand.在家里，我手边总有一本字典。Shecanonlyconcentrateontheproblemsathand.她现在只能集中精力处理手边的问题。,inner:a.private,personal,orsecret内心的,e.g.,Aninnerjoyfilledme.我内心充满着喜悦。Hehadaninnercontradictionwhichroseoutofhisbackground.由于背景的缘故，他内心很矛盾。,inshortsupply:availableonlyinsmallquantities,sothatthereisnotenough短缺,e.g.,Inmanypartsofthecountry,qualifiedteachersareinshortsupply.国家的很多地方缺少合格的教师。Honestywasindeedinshortsupplyinthelawlessdays.在无法无天的日子里，诚实是稀缺的东西。,scarce:a.rare,uncommon缺乏的；稀罕的,e.g.,scarceresources稀缺资源Allfoodwasscarce.Milk,eggsandbutterwereinshortsupplyandexpensive.所有食品都很短缺。牛奶、鸡蛋和黄油供货稀少而价格昂贵。,bottomline:themostbasicfactorissueinasituation底线,e.g.,Thebottomlineisthateffortsarecontinuing.最起码要继续努力。Forme,thebottomlineisthattheseofficialsdotheirworkdutifully.对我而言，底线就是这些官员必须尽责尽职地工作。,consistsof:tobemadeofparticularpartsorthings由组成,e.g.,Americaconsistsoffiftystatesandonefederaldistrict.美国由50个州和一个联邦地区组成。Myclassconsistsof20boysand30girls.我班里有20个男生、30个女生。,principle:n.abasicbelief,theory,orrulethathasamajorinfluenceonthewayinwhichsth.isdone原则；原理,e.g.,amanofprinciple一个有原则的人Fairness,ratherthanefficiency,istheguidingprinciple.指导原则应该是公正，而不是效率。,Standfirmlyfor6yourconvictionsinthefaceof7personalpressure.Theresastorytoldaboutasurgicalnursesfirstdayonthemedicalteamatawell-knownhospital.Shewasresponsibleforensuringthatallinstrumentsandmaterialswereaccountedfor8duringanabdominaloperation.Thenursesaidtothesurgeon,“Youveonlyremoved11sponges,andweused12.Weneedtofindthelastone.”,6.支持7.面对8.报账；作出说明,Whatdoesthefirstprinciplemean?Whatwastheresponsibilityofthenurseinthestory?,QuestionsAboutTheseParagraphs,Itmeansweshouldsticktoourbeliefsevenifwefacedwithpersonalpressure.,Toensurethatallinstrumentsandmaterialswereaccountedforduringanabdominaloperation.,在个人压力面前信仰依然坚定。有一个故事，说的是一位外科护士在一家知名医院的医疗队里第一天上班的事。她负责确保清点腹腔手术中使用的所有器械和材料。这个护士对外科医生说：“你只取出11块纱布，可我们用了12块。我们需要找到最后一块。”,ChineseVersion,standfor:tosupport支持,e.g.,Hestandsforanimalwelfare.他支持动物福利事业。Healwaysstandsforwhatisright.他总是支持正确的事物。,conviction:n.astrongbelieforopinionaboutsth.确信,e.g.,Thistimeitwassaidmoreslowlyandwithpowerfulconviction.这一次说的时候速度更为缓慢，但信念强烈。Hespokewithemphasisandwithcompleteconviction.他说话的时候带着强调语气，而且确信无疑。,surgical:a.connectedwithorusedformedicaloperations外科的,e.g.,surgicaltreatment外科治疗Hewasnotinvolvedinanysurgicalpractice.他并没有参与过任何外科手术。,responsible:a.havinganobligationtodosth.orhavingcontroloverorcareforsomeone,aspartofonesjoborrole负责的,e.g.,Thenurseisresponsibleforcleaningthewoundofthepatient.这个护士负责清洗病人的伤口。FinallyhehasdecidedthatImjustthedoctorheneedstoberesponsiblefortheirhealth.他最终认定我就是他所需要的医生，由我来负责他的健康。,ensure:v.tomakecertainthatsth.happensorisdone确保,e.g.,Facedwiththefullcostofschooling,parentsmustensurethattheirchildrenmakegooduseofit.面对着要负担全部的上学费用，家长必须确保他们的孩子能用好这笔钱。AsweleftourcomfortableroomintheYouthHostel,weglancedquicklyaroundtoensurewehadnotleftanyofourbelongingsbehind.我们离开青年旅馆舒适的房间时，很快地扫视了一下，确保没有遗留下任何东西。,accountfor:tosayhowyouhaveused,orhowyouwilluse,sth.likemoneythatyouareresponsibleforspending,especiallyinyourjob报账；作出说明,e.g.,Hecouldntaccountforthehugesumofmoneyinhisbankaccount.他无法解释银行账户上巨额财产的来路。Policesaidthat23peoplearestillnotaccountedfor.警方说，仍然有23人下落不明。,“Iremovedthemall,”thedoctordeclared.“Wellclosenow.”“Youcantdothat,Sir,”objectedtherookienurse.“Thinkofthepatient.”Smiling,thesurgeonliftedhisfootandshowedthenursethe12thsponge.“Youlldojustfineinthisoranyotherhospital,”hetoldher.Whenyouknowyoureright,youcantbackdown9.,9.打退堂鼓,Whydidthenurseobjectwhenthedoctorsaidthattheywouldclosetheoperation?,QuestionsAboutTheseParagraphs,Shedidntseethe12thspongeandthoughtitwasinthepatientsbody.,2)Whyhadthedoctorremovedthe12thspongeandputhisfootonit?,Hewantedtofindoutifthenewnursewasaresponsibleperson.,“我把它们都取出来了，”医生郑重其事地说，“我们现在要把伤口缝上。”“你不能那样做，先生，”这个新来的护士反对道，“为病人想一想吧！”外科医生笑着抬起脚，让护士看了第12块纱布。他告诉她：“不管是在这个医院还是在任何其他医院，你都会干得不错。”如果知道自己是对的，就不能打退堂鼓。,ChineseVersion,object:v.tobeopposedtosth.,ortoexpressyouroppositiontoitinwords反对,e.g.,Iwilltakecareofit,unlessanyoneobjects.只要没有人反对，这事由我来处理吧！Iwantedtoclimbthemountain,butmywifeobjectedforreasonsofsafety.我想爬山，但妻子反对，理由是不安全。,rookie:n.sb.whohasjuststarteddoingajobanddoesnothavemuchexperience新手,e.g.,rookiesoldiers新兵Reidmaybearookiebossbuthesgrownupquickly.里德做老板或许是嫩了点，但他成长得很快。,backdown:tostopaskingforsth.,ortostopsayingthatyouwilldosth.,becausealotofpeopleopposeyou打退堂鼓,e.g.,IntheendPeterbackeddownandeveryonebreathedasighofrelief.彼得最终打了退堂鼓，大家都松了口气。Hebackeddownandrejoinedtheothers.他退缩了，加入了别人的行列。,Alwaysgiveotherscreditthatisrightfullytheirs.Dontbeafraidofthosewhomighthaveabetterideaorwhomightevenbesmarterthanyouare.,Whatdoesthesecondprinciplemean?,QuestionAboutThisParagraph,Weshouldalwaysgiveotherstheconfidencethattheydeserve.,总是给予他人应有的信任。不要害怕那些可能有更好的主意或比你更聪明的人。,ChineseVersion,credit:n.belief,trust,confidence信任；相信,e.g.,Therumorisgainingcredit.越来越多的人相信这则谣言。Recentdevelopmentslendcredittopreviousreports.最近的进展情况让人们越发相信早期的报道。,rightfully:ad.officiallyorlegallyacceptedasrightorcorrect正当地,e.g.,AllIwanttodoistoclaimwhatisrightfullymineandensurethewishesofmybrotherarecarriedout.我要做的就是拿回本该属于我的东西，并确保我哥哥的愿望得以实现。Ifeelallthesepeoplerightfullyshareinthisaward.我觉得这些人都应该分享这个奖项。,DavidOgilvy,founderoftheadvertisingfirmOgilvysmallbusinessownersandentrepreneurs（企业家）;SuperBowl（超级碗）andOlympicchampions;astronautsandU.S.ArmedForces;worldleadersandforeigngovernments;educatorsandyouthgroups.2.OgilvywhereIchoosetowalkeverystepwillshow.”Theydidnthavetotalkaboutittheydemonstratedthemottobythewaytheylived.,Theyunderstoodinstinctivelythatintegritymeanshavingapersonalstandardofmoralityandethicsthatdoesnotsellouttoexpediencyandthatisnotrelativetothesituationathand.Integrityisaninnerstandardforjudgingyourbehavior.Unfortunately,integrityisinshortsupplytodayandgettingscarcer.Butitistherealbottomlineineveryareaofsociety.Anditissomethingwemustdemandofourselves.AgoodtestforthisvalueistolookatwhatIcalltheIntegrityTriad,whichconsistsofthreekeyprinciples:,UnderstandingtheText,1.Overview,Thisessay,bothexpositoryandnarrative,tellsushowtobetruetoourselvesthestepsthatleadustoourself-respect.Inunfoldinghisarguments,DenisWaitleycitesspecificexamples(realstoriesaboutanurseandthefounderofanadvertisingcompany)soastodrivehomeallhispoints.Structurallyspeaking,theauthorbeginshisessaywithadescriptionof,andacommenton,hisgrandparentsmainlifeprincipleandendsitwithanemphasisonthespiritualrewardforthewayoflifetheyshowedhim.Nowreadcarefullythefollowingaccountsofthemajorpointsandcompletethestatementsbyfillingintheblankswithappropriatewordsorexpressionsfromthetext.,personalpressure,1)“Lifeislikeafieldof;whereIchoosetowalkeverystepwill.”Mygrandparentsdemonstratethismottoby.2)Amanofintegrityisonewhosestandardofdoesnottoexpediencyandisnotthesituationathand.3)Inoursocietytoday,integrityisandgetting.4)Thenursesstoryisagoodillustrationoftheprinciplethatweshouldourconvictionsinthefaceof.,newlyfallensnow,_,show,_,thewaytheylive,_,moralityandethics,_,scarcer,_,standfirmlyfor,relativeto,_,sellout,_,inshortsupply,_,_,_,5)DavidOgilvysenthisnewlyappointedofficeheadseachwithfivefiguresinsidetomakethemunderstandtheimportanceofalwaysgivingothersthatisrightfullytheirs.6)Thethirdprincipleis“Beaboutwhoyoureallyare”.7)Ifpeoplelack,theymayrelyonsuchastheirlooksorstatusinordertofeelgoodaboutthemselvesanddotheirbestto.,aRussiannestingdoll,_,progressivelysmaller,_,credit,_,honestandopen,_,genuinecorevalues,_,externalfactors,_,preservethisfacade,_,8)Ifonehasand,hepossessestwopowerfulandcandevelopgoodrelationshipswithotherseasily.9)Ifwelive,wewonthavetocheckourtracksina.,componentsofintegrity,_,rearviewmirror,_,self-respect,_,aclearconscience,_,alifeofprinciple,_,UnderstandingtheText,2.Interpretation,youwereeitherhonestoryouwerent.Therewasnoin-between.(Para.1),A)youwereeitherhonestordishonest.Youhadtomakeachoicebetweenthem.B)youwereeitherhonestornot.Honestyisnotaqualitythatcouldbemeasured.C)beinghonestornotbeinghonest;therewasnointermediatestatebetweenthesetwosortsofqualities.,answer,Thefollowingsentencesaretakenfromthetext.Foreachofthem,somepossibleinterpretationsareprovided.Choosethemostappropriateone.,2)thatdoesnotsellouttoexpediency(Para.2),A)thatdoesntsellbadthingstootherpeopleB)thatdoesnotgiveuponesmoralprinciplesforpersonalconvenienceorshort-terminterestC)thatwillimprovewiththepassageoftime,answer,3)Whenyouknowyoureright,youcantbackdown.(Para.7),Ifyouthinkyouareright,youshouldkeeponwithgreaterefforts.B)Whenyouknowyouareright,youshouldholdontoyourpositioninspiteofstrongopposition.C)Ifyoubelieveyouareright,youshouldkeepgoingwithconfidence.,answer,4)Alwaysgiveotherscreditthatisrightfullytheirs.(Para.8),A)Bealwaysreadytorecognizeotherpeoplestruemerits.B)Neverclaimcreditduetoothers.C)Neverunderestimateothersideasandabilities.,answer,5)Inevitablytheywilldoeverythingtheycantopreservethisfacade.(Para.10),Unavoidablytheywilltryeverypossiblemeanstokeepthisoutwardappearance.B)Theywilldefinitelymakealleffortstoimprovethemselves.C)Undoubtedlytheywilldowhatevertheycantokeeptheircorevalues.,answer,6)Whenitstough,doittough.(Para.11),A)Howeverdifficultajobis,doitwithdetermination.B)Whenyoumeetwithdifficulty,overcomeitwithredoubledefforts.C)Whenyoufinditdifficulttobetruetoyourself,pressonwithitfirmly.,answer,7)withouthavingtocheckyourtracksinarearviewmirror.(Para.13),A)withouthavingtoreflectonyourpastbehaviors.B)withouthavingtolookbacktoseeifyouvedoneanythingimproperorwrong.C)AorB.,answer,UnderstandingtheText,3.Discussion,Discussthefollowingtheme-relatedquestion.1)Howdoyouunderstandthemotto“Lifeislikeafieldofnewlyfallensnow;whereIchoosetowalkeverystepwillshow”?Explainitinyourownwords.,Itmeansthatanychoicewemakeonthelifejourneywillproduceaneffectorleaveanimpressionthatinformsotherpeopleaboutwhatweare.Forexample,ifwefindawalletinthestreetandthenreturnittoitsowner,wemaynotonlyhelphimoutbutalsowinrespectandadmirationfromotherpeople.Ontheotherhand,ifwesuccumbtotemptationsandappropriateittoourselves,wewillgetcontemptfromothersandhaveaguiltyconscienceallthetime.,2)Doyouagreewiththeauthoronthepointthatintegrityisinshortsupplytodayandgettingscarcer?,Yes.Becauseinoursocietytoday,peoplesmoralitysellsouteasilytoexpediency.Thatstosay,itisbecomingincreasinglymoney-obsessedandmanypeopleareactuallypursuingwealthatthecostofotherpeoplesinterest.Asaconsequence,integrityisinshortsupplyandgettingscarcer.,3)Whydidthedoctortellthenurse“Youlldojustfineinthisoranyotherhospital”?,Becausethenurse,inexperiencedasshewas,passedhistestwhensheinsistedonfindingthe12thsponge.Thisprovedthatshecouldstandfirmlyforherconvictioninthefaceofpersonalpressure,whichisveryimportantforamedicalpractitioner.,4)Whydoestheauthorthinkpeopleofintegrityare“transparent”,neverafraidtobefrankaboutwhattheyreallyare?,Theydowhattheydobecauseitsrightandnotjustfashionableorpoliticallycorrect.Asaresult,theyarealwaysateasewithwhattheyreallyare,neverhavingtochecktheirtracksinarearviewmirror,sotospeak.,Likemetaphor,asimileisalsoafigureofspeech,animaginativewayofdescribingsomethingbyreferringtosomethingelsewhichhasthequalitiesthatonewantstoexpress.Althoughsimilesandmetaphorsarebothformsofcomparison,similesallowthetwoideastoremaindistinctinspiteoftheirsimilarities,whereasmetaphorscomparetwothingswithoutusing“like”or“as”.Thetwofiguresofspeecharemostcommonlyemployedineitherformalorinformaldiscourses,andtheycannotonlyincreasethereadabilityoftextsbutalsofacilitatereaderstoappre