主动形式表示被动意义.ppt

表示,I、do形式表示被动,1.一些表示感觉、感官的系动词feel，look，smell，sound，taste,prove(证明是)等无被动形式，用主动形式表示被动意义.,例如：Cottonfeelssoft.Theflowerssmellsweet.Hiscoatfeelsverysoftandsmooth.Hervoicesoundsverypleasant.Goodmedicinetastesbittertothemouth.良药苦口。Itastedthewineandittastedwonderful!我尝了尝这酒，味道棒极了。,2.主语（Sth.）+V.+well/easily.,动词sell(销售)，burn(燃烧)，wash(洗)，clean(打扫)，cook(煮)等与副词well(好)，easily(容易地)，perfectly(十分地)等连用，描绘事物的特性，用主动表被动。,主动形式,被动意义,例如：Thebooksellswell.这种书很畅销。Theseclotheswasheasily.这些衣服很易洗。Thepenwriteswell.这笔很好写。Thismeatcutseasily.这肉很好切。,3、一些与cant(不能)或wont(不会)连用的动词。常用的有：lock(锁住)，shut(关上)，open(打开)，act(上演)，write(写)，cut(砍，切)，wear(穿，戴)等，用作不及物动词时，用主动表被动。,例如：Thedoorwontopen.这门打不开。Itcantmove.它不能动。,请体会下面三个句子的不同：1.Hisbookssellwell,sotheyaresoldoutsoon.2.Thedoorwontopen,sowellasktherepairmantoopenit.3.Wemeasuredthebridgeanditmeasures20metreslong!,有一类动词既是及物的，又是不及物的，如果表示主语内在的特征、性质或所处的状态而不是强调动作本身，就要用动词的主动形式表被动，这样用起来简洁，符合英美人的习惯。常见的动词有：sell,wash,write,wear,open,shut,lock,close,start,begin,read,tear,boil,burn,grow,break,change,weigh,measure等。,II、Doing形式表示被动,1.be（well）worthdoing(很）值得Thebookisworthreading.这本书值得读。,2.Sth.+need/want/require（要求，需要）+doing/tobedone,ThewindowneedscleaningTheoldbuildingrequiresrepairing.TheseyoungseedlingswillrequirelookingafterYourhairwants/needscutting,III、todo形式表示被动,1.某些动词,如tolet（出租）,toblame（责备）,toseek（寻找）用主动式表被动意义。,例:Whoistoblameforstartingthefire？Youaretoblamefortheaccident.Thehouseistolet.Thereasonisnotfartoseek.,2.在疑问词what/which/whom+todo结构中，主动表被动,例:Idontknowwhichtochoose.=IdontknowwhichIshouldchooseHeaskedmewhattodo.,3.在不定式作定语的某些固定句型中,用主动形式表被动意义。,1）have（give,show）sth.todo,Hehasafamilytosupport.Pleasegetmesomethingtoread.Hellshowyoutherightpathtotake.,试比较:Haveyouanythingtodothisafternoon?今天下午你有事要做吗?（todo是由you发出的）Haveyouanythingtobetakentoyourparents?你有要带给你父母的东西吗?（谁带不得而知）,2）Thereben./pron.todo,Thereisnothingtodothisweekend.这个周末无事可做。,3）It（This,That）beaanadj.n.todo,Thisisadifficultquestiontoanswer.这是个难答的问题。Itisaneasysentencetotranslate.这个句子很容易翻译。,4、在不定时作状语中,不定式有被动意义,与句子主语构成动宾关系。,1）S.be（too）adj.todo,Thequestionwasverydifficulttoanswer.这问题很难回答。Heishardtodealwith.他很难对付。,2）动词+宾语+形容词+不定式,Ifoundthecarcomfortabletoridein.我觉得这种车很好坐。Thatmakespoetrydifficulttowrite.那就使得诗很难写。,IV、介词形式表示被动“be+under+名词”结构，这种结构表示某事“正在被进行中”，常用的名词有：construction（建设）、discussion（讨论）、repair(修理)、treatment(治疗)、question(质问)。,Thebuildingisunderconstruction=Thebuildingisbeingconstructed.Thewholematterisunder=isbeingdiscussed).,巩固练习,1.Thechairlooksratherhard,butinfactitisverycomfortableto_.A.sitB.sitonC.besatD.besaton2.Imhungry.Getmesomething_.A.eatB.toeatC.tobeeatD.foreating3.Itisdifficultforaforeigner_Chinese.A.writeB.towriteC.tobewrittenD.Written4.Ihavenomoreletters_,thankyou.A.totypeB.typingC.tobetypedD.typed5.Thecarisratherdifficult_.A.torepairB.toberepairedC.repairingD.beingrepaired,B,B,B,C,A,6.Shehadnomoney_abirthdaypresentfortheirchildren.A.tobuyB.tobeboughtC.boughtD.buying7.TherearemanygoodfilmsplayedbyChengLongthatareworth_.A.tobeseenB.beingseenC.seeingD.tosee8.Thefood_easilyandsells_.A.cooks；wellB.iscooking；goodC.iscooked；wellD.cooked；good9.Thewindowsofthebuildingcant_.A.beclosedB.closeC.beclosingD.closed10.Themanisdifficult_A.todowithB.todealwithC.tobedonewithD.tobedealtwith,A,C,A,B,B,11.Ajournalistshouldfirstdecid