中考英语复习用宾语从句课件.ppt

九（2）（3）中考复习课件,宾语从句,2009-05-19,宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。,了解宾语从句,不同引导词引导的宾语从句,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which，what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句,由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略,e.g.Ihear(that)_.（一小时后他会回来）Hesaid(that)_.（他非常想念我们）Theteachertoldus(that)_.（地球围着太阳转）,hewillbebackinanhour,hemissedusverymuch,theearthmovesaroundthesun,由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接副词when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句,由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句,e.g.1.Iwanttoknow_.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2.Askhim_.（他是否能来）3.Idontknow_.（是否要下雨）,if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus,whether(if)hecancome,whetheritisgoingtorainornot,当句末为ornot时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.,注意情况之一引导词：1.由陈述句变来的宾语从句，用连词that等引导，并且在口语中常常省略此词：e.gHesaid（that）hehadanewdictionary.Iknow(that)Lucycanplayfootballverywell.但是，如果that引导的是几个表示并列关系的宾语从句时，最后一个that不能省略。e.gIknow(that)TomcomesfromFranceandthatheteachesinGuilinnow.,2.由一般疑问句转换而来的宾语从句，用whether或if引导，并且两词可以互用。但是whether可以和ornot连用，而if不能。e.gIwanttoknowwhether(if)shestilllivesthere.Pleasetellmewhetheryoucancomeornot.3.由特殊疑问句变来的宾语从句，由特殊疑问词who、whom、whose、which、when、where、why、how等引导。e.gIdontknowwhosebookitis.Theteacheraskedwhatwashappening.DoyouknowwhereourEnglishteacherlives?Hewantedtoknowwhyyoucanplaythepianosowell.,注意情况之二语句的顺序：无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。e.g:CouldyoutellmehowIcangettotheScienceMuseum?Heaskedhimwherehecamefrom.Didyouknowwhatsthenameofthehandsomeboyintheclassroomyesterday？PleasetellmewhereIcanbuythebeautifulflower.,注意情况之三时态的变化1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。e.gIhear(that)TomhasbeentoGuilintwice.Ihear(that)shewillcometomorrow.Ihear(that)Jimwenttoworkanhourago.Ihear(that)heisinterestedinEnglish.,2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。e.gHesaid(that)hewouldgotoXian.Hesaid(that)hewasillyesterday.Hesaid(that)hewasreadingabook.Hesaid(that)hehadhadsupperalready.3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。e.gHesaidthatthesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.Theteachertoldthestudentsthatnonewsisgoodnews.ThePEteachersaidthatdoingmorningexerciseisusefultoourhealth.,注意情况之四标点符号：宾语从句末尾的标点符号由主句决定，不受从句的限制。如果主句是陈述句或者是祈使句时用句号；而主句是疑问句时，句末则用问号。e.gHeaskedmeif/whetherIcouldhelphim.DoyouknowwhereLiPingis?Pleasetellmewhatcoloryoulikebest.Wouldyoupleasetelltheteacherhowoldyouare?,注意情况之五宾语从句的否定形式：一般而言，宾语从句的否定式与一般句子的否定式是一样的。但若主句谓语动词是think、expect、believe、guess、imagine、suppose等表示“认为，猜想”的心里活动的词时，一般要把宾语从句中的否定式转移到主句中，即否定提前e.gIdontthinkitsgoingtorain.Idontbelieveshewilllendyouthemoney.但是，如果主句中的谓语动词是hope，则不适用于此规则。e.gIhopehewontcome.,注意情况之六宾语从句中的特殊情形：在把简单句变为复合句的练习中，千万要注意：1.句式的转变：若原句是祈使句，不能用宾语从句改写，而应该用“asksb.todosth.”的句式。e.gDontopenthedoor.（用they作主语变为宾语从句）Theyasknottoopenthedoor.2.代词的变化：如果将某人的原话变为宾语从句时，我们就应该考虑代词的变化。,e.g“IcomefromCanada”,Lucysays.LucysaysthatshecomesfromCanada.3.若由一般疑问句或特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，应该用陈述句语序。具体如下：当助动词是does或did时，要去掉助动词，并把动词恢复为第三人称单数形式或过去式；当是其它的助动词时，则要把这些助动词放在主语的后面。e.gIaskedTom,“Whatdoyoulikebest?”IaskedTomwhathelikedbest.Theteacheraskedme:“Haveyoureadthebook?”TheteacheraskedmeifIhavereadthebook.Heasked,“Whocancarrythebox?”Heaskedwhocouldcarrythebox.,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,陈述句变为由that引导的宾语从句,e.g.1.Hesaid,“YouareyoungerthanI”.2.Hesays,“Tomisagoodstudent”.,HesaidthatIwasyoungerthanhim.,HesaysthatTomisagoodstudent.,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,一般疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句,e.g.Shesaid,“Doyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspaper?”“WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall?”heasked.,Sheaskedif(whether)Ioftencameheretoreadnewspaper.,Heaskedif(whether)theywouldgovisittheGreatWall.,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,e.g.1.Heasked,“Wheredoyoulive?”2.“Howcanwegettothepost-office?”heasked.,HeaskedwhereIlived.,Heaskedhowtheycouldgettothepost-office.,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,1、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。2、当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。e.g.Theteachersaidthatthemoonmovesaroundthesun.,注意：,Theradiosaysit_cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything_well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey_(play)basketballatsixoclockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey_(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey_ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou_abouttherelayracenow.(talk)Ididntknowwhomtheletters_from.(be),willbe,goes,wereplaying,hasreturned,hadbeen,travels,aretalking,were,weredoing,10.Ididntknowwhattimehe_theletter.(write)11.MissWangtoldmethattheearth_(move)roundtheearth.12.Couldyoutellmewho_awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_toseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey_yesterday?(do),wrote,moves,hastaken,hasbeen,rises,did,将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.,Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.,Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?,Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.,Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.,Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.,Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomewo