新目标九年级unit5-what-are-the-shirts-made-of-Grammar-4c-单元语法精讲精练

R九年级上册,Grammar-4c,Unit5Whataretheshirtsmadeof?,重点：一般现在时的被动语态。难点：过去分词的构成。,单元重难点,NewWords,bossGermanysurfacematerialtrafficpostmancapglove,n.老板；上司德国n.表面；表层n.材料；原料n.交通；路上行驶的车辆n.邮递员n.（尤指有舌尖的）帽子n.（分手指的）手套,语法突破,【语境领悟】观察下列句子,思考谓语动词的用法。Iammadetoworkhardeveryday.AletteriswrittenbyBruceeveryweek.Isitproducedinthisfactory?Whataretheymadeof?Wherearetheygrown?,知识点再现:被动语态,结构：be+动词的过去分词意义：强调主语是动作的承受者,何时使用,变化方法,注意事项,进入,进入,进入,进入,各种时态的被动语态结构:,一般现在时态的被动语态结构:am/is/are+vt过去分词,一般过去时态的被动语态结构:was/were+vt过去分词,含有情态动词的被动语态结构:情态动词+be+vt过去分词,变化：示例,Theboybroketheglass.,Theglasswasbrokenbytheboy.,从主动语态变为被动语态,1.主语介词by宾语2.谓语加be,并变为过去分词3.宾语主语,1.一般可变为被动语态的动词为及物动词2.be动词可根据人称、时态、数进行变化.3.不特别强调动作执行者时，by短语(即by和后面的宾语)一般可以省略,NOTE,注意事项：,何时使用被动语态,不知道或者没必要说明动作执行者是谁,根据上下文，需要强调动作的承受者,可以带宾语的短语动词和及物动词一样可以用于被动语态,但要注意不可丢掉后面的副词或介词.,说练就练,五种时态变化,特殊情况下的变化1,含有情态动词,特殊情况下的变化2,实站演练,1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。,主动语态变被动语态的方法,WeoftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass.,宾语,ArecorderisoftenusedinourEnglishclass（byus）.,主语,WeoftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass.,谓语,2.把谓语变成被动结构(be过去分词)。(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式),ArecorderisoftenusedinourEnglishclass（byus）.,一般现在时的被动语态,3.把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格,如主语是人称代词，一般省略。Theymakethebikesinthefactory.,Thebikesaremade（bythem）inthefactory.,Thefarmersareplantingtrees.1.(变为一般现在时态被动语态)2.(变为一般过去时态被动语态)3.(变为一般将来时态被动语态),Treesareplantedbythefarmers.,Treeswereplantedbythefarmers.,Treeswillbeplantedbythefarmers.,4.(变为现在进行时态被动语态)5.(变为现在完成时态被动语态),Treesarebeingplantedbythefarmers.,Treeshavebeenplantedbythefarmers.,Thisworkmay_today.（finish）Canmybike_here?(mend)Thecarscant_here.（park）,含有情态动词的被动语态，情态动词后面的be动词用原形,befinished,bemended,beparked,含有双宾语的句子，主动句中的间接宾语或者直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语，另一个保留不变。变为主语的若是主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to或for。常用双宾语的动词：show/give/offer/send/bring/lend/teach/buy。,注意事项一：,例如：Theteachergivesthepupilssomeadvice.,直接宾语,间接宾语,Thepupilsaregivensomeadvicebytheteacher.,Someadviceisgiventothepupilsbytheteacher.,宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。,感官动词(hear,see,watch,feel,notice等)和使役动词(let,makehave等)在主动语态中后接不带to的动词不定式,但是改为被动语态时,把to加在动词原形之前.,Theymadetheboyswork12hoursaday.Weoftenseehimgoforawalkbytheriver.,Theboysweremadetowork12hoursaday.,Heisoftenseentogoforawalkbytheriver.,注意事项二：,1.Theteachersoftenmakeusreadbooksinthemorning.2.Wenoticedhimtalkwithmybrotherjustnow.3.WesawherhelpTomwhenweentertheroom.4.Imadehimstopwhilehewasdoingthework.,练习：把下列句子改为被动语态。,Weareoftenmadetoreadbooksinthemorningbytheteachers.,Hewasnoticedtotalkwithmybrotherjustnow.,ShewasseentohelpTomwhenweentertheroom.,Hewasmadetostopwhilehewasdoingthework.,例如：Theteachergivesthepupilssomeadvice.,直接宾语,间接宾语,Thepupilsaregivensomeadvicebytheteacher.,Someadviceisgiventothepupilsbytheteacher.,宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。,Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.,1.Childrenunder18_(notallow)towatchthisshowwithouttheirparents.2.We_(pay)bythebossonthelastFridayofeachmonth.,arenotallowed,arepaid,3.A:Whatlanguage_(speak)inGermany？B:MostpeoplespeakGerman,butmanycanspeakEnglish,too.4.Mostoftheearthssurface_(cover)bywater.5.Theclassroom_(clean)bythestudentseveryday.,isspoken,iscovered,iscleaned,Rewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.,Farmersplanttheteaonthesidesofmountains._2.Thisshopusesthebestmaterialstomakedresses._3.Carelessdrivingcausesmanytrafficaccidents._,Theteaisplantedonthesidesofmountainsbyfarmers.,Thebestmaterialsareusedtomakedressesbythisshop.,Manytrafficaccidentsarecausedbycarelessdriving.,4.Thepostmanbringslettersandpostcardstopeopleshomes._5.Ourfamilydoesnotusethissilverplateveryoften._,Lettersandpostcardsarebroughttopeopleshomesbythepostman.,Thissilverplateisntusedveryoftenbyourfamily.,Askfiveclassmatesaboutsomethingtheyarewearingorhaveintheirschoolbags.Thelistofwordsbelowmayhelpyou.,pencil,jacket,sweater,T-shirt,shoes,cap,gloves,ring.,A:Whatsyourpencilmadeof?B:Itsmadeofwood.A:Wherewasitmade?B:ItwasmadeinShanghai.,1.-Whatdoyouthinkofthefootballmatchyesterday?-Itssurprising.Thestrongestteam_.A.wasbeatenB.wonC.scoredD.wasfailed2.IwontcometothepartyunlessSue_.A.willinviteB.invitesC.invitedD.isinvited3.Whatareonshowinthemuseum?Somephotos_byAfricanchildren.A.aretakenB.havebeentakenC.takenD.weretaken,中考名题回顾,A,D,D,5.Thetreesmust_threetimesaweek.A.waterB.iswateringC.bewateredD.waters6.Anothernewbuilding_lastmonthnearmyschool.A.wasbuiltB.builtC.hasbeenbuiltD.isbuilt,7.Anewbridge_overtherivernextyear.AisbuiltBwillbuildCwillbebuiltDwillbuilt8.TVandradioprogrammes_theothersideoftheworldwiththehelpofthesatellites.AcansendtoBcansendonCcanbesenttoDcanbesenton,4.Theboy_studyathomebyherlastSunday.AmadeBwasmadeCwasmadetoDmadeto,C,C,A,C,C,Exercise,()1.-Excuseme,doyouknowwherethenewteacheris.-Oh,justnowIfound_inthedinninghall.A.heB.himC.heis()2.-_happens,thereisawaytosolveit.-Iagreewithwhatyousaid.A.NomatterhowB.NomatterwhatC.Nomatterwho,B,B,用正确的形式填空。English_(use)asaforeignlanguageinourcountry.Theygrowflowersinthepark.(改为被动语态)Flowers_inthepark.Heisallowedtogooutwithhisfriendsonweekends.(改为否定句)He_togooutwithhisfriendsonweekends.,Itisusedtomaketea.(改为一般疑问句)_it_tomaketea?Theyareinvitedtocomehereateightoclock.(对画线部分提问)_they_tocomehere?,用正确的形式填空。English_(use)asaforeignlanguageinourcountry.Theygrowflowersinthepark.