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theminorprophets,lesson1anintroductiontotheminorprophets,2,introduction,whybotherteachingfromtheoldtestamentespeciallyunfamiliarminorprophets?notunderthelawofmosestodaybut,oldtestamentincludingminorprophetsgreatvaluetoustodaytoencourageourfaithandhopeinthelord,3,introduction,also,wecanbeencouragedtofaithfullystandforgodswordastheprophetsdidalthoughpersecuted,someeventodeathincreaseappreciationforgodsplanofredemptioninchrist,4,oldtestamentvaluabletoourfaithtoday,rom15:4forwhateverwaswritteninearliertimeswaswrittenforourinstruction,sothatthroughperseveranceandtheencouragementofthescriptureswemighthavehope.1co10:11nowthesethingshappenedtothemasanexample,andtheywerewrittenforourinstruction,uponwhomtheendsoftheageshavecome.,5,oldtestamentvaluabletoourfaithtoday,2ch36:15thelord,thegodoftheirfathers,sentwordtothemagainandagainbyhismessengers,becausehehadcompassiononhispeopleandonhisdwellingplace;2ch36:16buttheycontinuallymockedthemessengersofgod,despisedhiswordsandscoffedathisprophets,untilthewrathofthelordaroseagainsthispeople,untiltherewasnoremedy.,6,oldtestamentvaluabletoourfaithtoday,2ch36:17thereforehebroughtupagainstthemthekingofthechaldeanswhoslewtheiryoungmenwiththeswordinthehouseoftheirsanctuary,andhadnocompassiononyoungmanorvirgin,oldmanorinfirm;hegavethemallintohishand.,7,oldtestamentvaluabletoourfaithtoday,heb11:32andwhatmoreshallisay?fortimewillfailmeifitellofgideon,barak,samson,jephthah,ofdavidandsamuelandtheprophets,heb11:33whobyfaithconqueredkingdoms,performedactsofrighteousness,obtainedpromises,shutthemouthsoflions,8,oldtestamentvaluabletoourfaithtoday,heb11:34quenchedthepoweroffire,escapedtheedgeofthesword,fromweaknessweremadestrong,becamemightyinwar,putforeignarmiestoflight.heb11:35womenreceivedbacktheirdeadbyresurrection;andothersweretortured,notacceptingtheirrelease,sothattheymightobtainabetterresurrection;,9,oldtestamentvaluabletoourfaithtoday,heb11:36andothersexperiencedmockingsandscourgings,yes,alsochainsandimprisonment.heb11:37theywerestoned,theyweresawnintwo,theyweretempted,theywereputtodeathwiththesword;theywentaboutinsheepskins,ingoatskins,beingdestitute,afflicted,ill-treated,10,oldtestamentvaluabletoourfaithtoday,heb11:38(menofwhomtheworldwasnotworthy),wanderingindesertsandmountainsandcavesandholesintheground.heb11:39andallthese,havinggainedapprovalthroughtheirfaith,didnotreceivewhatwaspromised,heb11:40becausegodhadprovidedsomethingbetterforus,sothatapartfromustheywouldnotbemadeperfect.,11,oldtestamentvaluabletoourfaithtoday,1pe1:10astothissalvation,theprophetswhoprophesiedofthegracethatwouldcometoyoumadecarefulsearchesandinquiries,1pe1:11seekingtoknowwhatpersonortimethespiritofchristwithinthemwasindicatingashepredictedthesufferingsofchristandthegloriestofollow.,12,oldtestamentvaluabletoourfaithtoday,1pe1:12itwasrevealedtothemthattheywerenotservingthemselves,butyou,inthesethingswhichnowhavebeenannouncedtoyouthroughthosewhopreachedthegospeltoyoubytheholyspiritsentfromheaven-thingsintowhichangelslongtolook.,13,introduction,prophetsare“minor”becauseoflengthoftheirwritingscomparedtothe“major”prophets(isaiah,jeremiah,ezekielanddaniel)liketheprophets,weneedtostandforgodsword,nomatterwhatmaycometoournation,trustinghisruleandmercylikethem,weneedtotrustinthelordwhoprovidesouronlytruehope,eternallife,14,anintroductiontotheminorprophets,whatisaprophet?howcanwedistinguishbetweentrueandfalseprophets?whoaretheminorprophets?whatinformationcanhelpusbetterunderstandtheminorprophets?whatdidtheminorprophetspreach?,15,anintroductiontotheminorprophets,whataresomeofthethemesfoundintheminorprophets?strategyforstudyingeachminorprophet,16,whatisaprophet?,originuncertainunderstoodtomeanbubbleorboilupbibledescriptionaprophetisaspokesmanforgod,forthtellinghiswordrevealingpast,presentandfuture,17,whatisaprophet?,exo4:16moreover,heshallspeakforyoutothepeople;andhewillbeasamouthforyouandyouwillbeasgodtohim.exo7:1thenthelordsaidtomoses,see,imakeyouasgodtopharaoh,andyourbrotheraaronshallbeyourprophet.exo7:2youshallspeakallthaticommandyou,andyourbrotheraaronshallspeaktopharaohthatheletthesonsofisraelgooutofhisland.,18,whatisaprophet?,2pe1:19sowehavethepropheticwordmademoresure,towhichyoudowelltopayattentionastoalampshininginadarkplace,untilthedaydawnsandthemorningstararisesinyourhearts.2pe1:20butknowthisfirstofall,thatnoprophecyofscriptureisamatterofonesowninterpretation,19,whatisaprophet?,2pe1:21fornoprophecywasevermadebyanactofhumanwill,butmenmovedbytheholyspiritspokefromgod.,20,whatisaprophet?,jer20:7olord,youhavedeceivedmeandiwasdeceived;youhaveovercomemeandprevailed.ihavebecomealaughingstockalldaylong;everyonemocksme.jer20:8foreachtimeispeak,icryaloud;iproclaimviolenceanddestruction,becauseformethewordofthelordhasresultedinreproachandderisionalldaylong.,21,whatisaprophet?,jer20:9butifisay,iwillnotrememberhimorspeakanymoreinhisname,theninmyheartitbecomeslikeaburningfireshutupinmybones;andiamwearyofholdingitin,andicannotendureit.,22,howcanwedistinguishbetweentrueandfalseprophets?,fulfillmenttestdoeswhathepredictscometopass?consistencytestishisteachinginharmonywithwhatgodpreviouslyrevealed?,23,doeswhathepredictscometopass?,deu18:21youmaysayinyourheart,howwillweknowthewordwhichthelordhasnotspoken?deu18:22whenaprophetspeaksinthenameofthelord,ifthethingdoesnotcomeaboutorcometrue,thatisthethingwhichthelordhasnotspoken.theprophethasspokenitpresumptuously;youshallnotbeafraidofhim.,24,contrastjeremiahwithhananiah,jer28:1nowinthesameyear,inthebeginningofthereignofzedekiahkingofjudah,inthefourthyear,inthefifthmonth,hananiahthesonofazzur,theprophet,whowasfromgibeon,spoketomeinthehouseofthelordinthepresenceofthepriestsandallthepeople,saying,jer28:2thussaysthelordofhosts,thegodofisrael,ihavebrokentheyokeofthekingofbabylon.,25,contrastjeremiahwithhananiah,jer28:3withintwoyearsiamgoingtobringbacktothisplaceallthevesselsofthelordshouse,whichnebuchadnezzarkingofbabylontookawayfromthisplaceandcarriedtobabylon.,26,contrastjeremiahwithhananiah,jer28:4iamalsogoingtobringbacktothisplacejeconiahthesonofjehoiakim,kingofjudah,andalltheexilesofjudahwhowenttobabylon,declaresthelord,foriwillbreaktheyokeofthekingofbabylon.jer28:13goandspeaktohananiah,saying,thussaysthelord,youhavebrokentheyokesofwood,butyouhavemadeinsteadofthemyokesofiron.,27,contrastjeremiahwithhananiah,jer28:14forthussaysthelordofhosts,thegodofisrael,ihaveputayokeofironontheneckofallthesenations,thattheymayservenebuchadnezzarkingofbabylon;andtheywillservehim.andihavealsogivenhimthebeastsofthefield.jer28:15thenjeremiahtheprophetsaidtohananiahtheprophet,listennow,hananiah,thelordhasnotsentyou,andyouhavemadethispeopletrustinalie.,28,contrastjeremiahwithhananiah,jer28:16thereforethussaysthelord,behold,iamabouttoremoveyoufromthefaceoftheearth.thisyearyouaregoingtodie,becauseyouhavecounseledrebellionagainstthelord.jer28:17sohananiahtheprophetdiedinthesameyearintheseventhmonth.,29,contrastjeremiahwithhananiah,jer22:24asilive,declaresthelord,eventhoughconiahthesonofjehoiakimkingofjudahwereasignetringonmyrighthand,yetiwouldpullyouoff;jer22:25andiwillgiveyouoverintothehandofthosewhoareseekingyourlife,yes,intothehandofthosewhomyoudread,evenintothehandofnebuchadnezzarkingofbabylonandintothehandofthechaldeans.,30,contrastjeremiahwithhananiah,jer22:26iwillhurlyouandyourmotherwhoboreyouintoanothercountrywhereyouwerenotborn,andthereyouwilldie.2ki25:8nowontheseventhdayofthefifthmonth,whichwasthenineteenthyearofkingnebuchadnezzar,kingofbabylon,nebuzaradanthecaptainoftheguard,aservantofthekingofbabylon,cametojerusalem.,31,contrastjeremiahwithhananiah,2ki25:9heburnedthehouseofthelord,thekingshouse,andallthehousesofjerusalem;eveneverygreathouseheburnedwithfire.2ki25:10soallthearmyofthechaldeanswhowerewiththecaptainoftheguardbrokedownthewallsaroundjerusalem.,32,contrastjeremiahwithhananiah,2ki25:27nowitcameaboutinthethirty-seventhyearoftheexileofjehoiachinkingofjudah,inthetwelfthmonth,onthetwenty-seventhdayofthemonth,thatevil-merodachkingofbabylon,intheyearthathebecameking,releasedjehoiachinkingofjudahfromprison;2ki25:28andhespokekindlytohimandsethisthroneabovethethroneofthekingswhowerewithhiminbabylon.,33,contrastjeremiahwithhananiah,2ki25:30andforhisallowance,aregularallowancewasgivenhimbytheking,aportionforeachday,allthedaysofhislife.,34,ishisteachinginharmonywithwhatgodpreviouslyrevealed?,deu13:1ifaprophetoradreamerofdreamsarisesamongyouandgivesyouasignorawonder,deu13:2andthesignorthewondercomestrue,concerningwhichhespoketoyou,saying,letusgoafterothergods(whomyouhavenotknown)andletusservethem,35,ishisteachinginharmonywithwhatgodpreviouslyrevealed?,deu13:3youshallnotlistentothewordsofthatprophetorthatdreamerofdreams;forthelordyourgodistestingyoutofindoutifyoulovethelordyourgodwithallyourheartandwithallyoursoul.deu13:4youshallfollowthelordyourgodandfearhim;andyoushallkeephiscommandments,listentohisvoice,servehim,andclingtohim.,36,ishisteachinginharmonywithwhatgodpreviouslyrevealed?,deu13:5butthatprophetorthatdreamerofdreamsshallbeputtodeath,becausehehascounseledrebellionagainstthelordyourgodwhobroughtyoufromthelandofegyptandredeemedyoufromthehouseofslavery,toseduceyoufromthewayinwhichthelordyourgodcommandedyoutowalk.soyoushallpurgetheevilfromamongyou.,37,moses,micahandjeremiahagree,deu28:47becauseyoudidnotservethelordyourgodwithjoyandagladheart,fortheabundanceofallthings;deu28:48thereforeyoushallserveyourenemieswhomthelordwillsendagainstyou,inhunger,inthirst,innakedness,andinthelackofallthings;andhewillputanironyokeonyourneckuntilhehasdestroyedyou.,38,moses,micahandjeremiahagree,mic3:11herleaderspronouncejudgmentforabribe,herpriestsinstructforapriceandherprophetsdivineformoney.yettheyleanonthelordsaying,isnotthelordinourmidst?calamitywillnotcomeuponus.,39,moses,micahandjeremiahagree,mic3:12therefore,onaccountofyouzionwillbeplowedasafield,jerusalemwillbecomeaheapofruins,andthemountainofthetemplewillbecomehighplacesofaforest.,40,moses,micahandjeremiahagree,jer26:4andyouwillsaytothem,thussaysthelord,ifyouwillnotlistentome,towalkinmylawwhichihavesetbeforeyou,jer26:5tolistentothewordsofmyservantstheprophets,whomihavebeensendingtoyouagainandagain,butyouhavenotlistened;,41,moses,micahandjeremiahagree,jer26:6theniwillmakethishouselikeshiloh,andthiscityiwillmakeacursetoallthenationsoftheearth.jer26:17thensomeoftheeldersofthelandroseupandspoketoalltheassemblyofthepeople,saying,42,moses,micahandjeremiahagree,jer26:18micahofmoreshethprophesiedinthedaysofhezekiahkingofjudah;andhespoketoallthepeopleofjudah,saying,thusthelordofhostshassaid,zionwillbeplowedasafield,andjerusalemwillbecomeruins,andthemountainofthehouseasthehighplacesofaforest.,43,moses,micahandjeremiahagree,jer26:19didhezekiahkingofjudahandalljudahputhimtodeath?didhenotfearthelordandentreatthefavorofthelord,andthelordchangedhismindaboutthemisfortunewhichhehadpronouncedagainstthem?butwearecommittingagreatevilagainstourselves.,44,whoaretheminorprophets?,theywere12prophetswhospokeandwroteprobablybetween845bcand432bcnationdividedin931bcwith10tribesformingisrael,northernkingdomjudahandbenjaminremaininginjerusalemformingjudah,thesouthernkingdom,45,whoaretheminorprophets?,theyprophesiedtoidolatrousnations,israel(northernkingdom)andjudah(southernkingdom)mostprophetsappearedduringoraftertwomajorcrisescrisis1-722bcisrael(northernkingdom)takencaptivebyassyria,46,whoaretheminorprophets?,crisis2-586bcjudah(southernkingdom)takencaptivebybabylonwithjerusalemandtempledestroyedfromdifferentbackgroundsteachingwithdifferentstyles,theyallspokeforthgodswordtothepeoplenotinchronologicalorderinoldtestamentwilltrytolistinchronologicalorder,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,whatinformationcanhelpusbetterunderstandtheminorprophets?,political,socialandreligiousconditionsatthetimeoftheprophetgodsrelationshipwithandruleoverthegentilenationsteachingofmessianichopeinhiscomingkingdom,54,whatdidtheminorprophetspreach?,needforpeopletoconfesssins,repentandreturntolawofmosesgodistherulerandcontrollerofhistorycomingofthemessiahandhiskingdom,55,whataresomeofthethemesfoundintheminorprophets?,mainideasarerepeatedthroughouttheminorprophetswewilllistsomeofthemthatwewillseethroughoutourstudy,56,godsunchangingperfectcharacter,nah1:2ajealousandavenginggodisthelord;thelordisavengingandwrathful.thelordtakesvengeanceonhisadversaries,andhereserveswrathforhisenemies.nah1:3thelordisslowtoangerandgreatinpower,andthelordwillbynomeansleavetheguiltyunpunished.inwhirlwindandstormishisway,andcloudsarethedustbeneathhisfeet.,57,godsunchangingperfectcharacter,hos11:8howcanigiveyouup,oephraim?howcanisurrenderyou,oisrael?howcanimakeyoulikeadmah?howcanitreatyoulikezeboiim?myheartisturnedoverwithinme,allmycompassionsarekindled.hos11:9iwillnotexecutemyfierceanger;iwillnotdestroyephraimagain.foriamgodandnotman,theholyoneinyourmidst,andiwillnotcomeinwrath.,58,godsunchangingperfectcharacter,mal3:6fori,thelord,donotchange;thereforeyou,osonsofjacob,arenotconsumed.heb13:8jesuschrististhesameyesterdayandtodayandforever.,59,godrulesallnationsbyhisword,jehovahisthelordofhistorycarryingouthispurposestatedmorecompletelybyisaiahbutfoundinpiecesthroughouttheminorprophetsherulesoverallnations,notjustisraelandjudah,60,godrulesallnationsbyhisword,althoughpeoplehavetheirfreechoice,hiswillisultimatelydonetoday,thispowerisgiventojesustoruleoverallnations,61,godrulesallnationsbyhisword,isa44:24thussaysthelord,yourredeemer,andtheonewhoformedyoufromthewomb,i,thelord,amthemakerofallthings,stretchingouttheheavensbymyselfandspreadingouttheearthallalone,isa44:25causingtheomensofboasterstofail,makingfoolsoutofdiviners,causingwisementodrawbackandturningtheirknowledgeintofoolishness,62,godrulesallnationsbyhisword,isa44:26confirmingthewordofhisservantandperformingthepurposeofhismessengers.itisiwhosaysofjerusalem,sheshallbeinhabited!andofthecitiesofjudah,theyshallbebuilt.andiwillraiseupherruinsagain.isa44:27itisiwhosaystothedepthofthesea,bedriedup!andiwillmakeyourriversdry.,63,godrulesallnationsbyhisword,isa44:28itisiwhosaysofcyrus,heismyshepherd!andhewillperformallmydesire.andhedeclaresofjerusalem,shewillbebuilt,andofthetemple,yourfoundationwillbelaid.isa45:1thussaysthelordtocyrushisanointed,whomihavetakenbytherighthand,tosubduenationsbeforehimandtoloosetheloinsofkings;toopendoorsbeforehimsothatgateswillnotbeshut:,64,godrulesallnationsbyhisword,isa45:2iwillgobeforeyouandmaketheroughplacessmooth;iwillshatterthedoorsofbronzeandcutthroughtheirironbars.isa45:3iwillgiveyouthetreasuresofdarknessandhiddenwealthofsecretplaces,sothatyoumayknowthatitisi,thelord,thegodofisrael,whocallsyoubyyourname.,65,godrulesallnationsbyhisword,isa45:4forthesakeofjacobmyservant,andisraelmychosenone,ihavealsocalledyoubyyourname;ihavegivenyouatitleofhonorthoughyouhavenotknownme.isa45:5iamthelord,andthereisnoother;besidesmethereisnogod.iwillgirdyou,thoughyouhavenotknownme;,66,godrulesallnationsbyhisword,isa45:6thatmenmayknowfromtherisingtothesettingofthesunthatthereisnoonebesidesme.iamthelord,andthereisnoother,isa45:7theoneforminglightandcreatingdarkness,causingwell-beingandcreatingcalamity;iamthelordwhodoesallthese.,67,godpunishessinsofallnations,amo1:3thussaysthelord,forthreetransgressionsofdamascusandforfouriwillnotrevokeitspunishment,becausetheythreshedgileadwithimplementsofsharpiron.amo1:6thussaysthelord,forthreetransgressionsofgazaandforfouriwillnotrevokeitspunishment,becausetheydeportedanentirepopulationtodeliverituptoedom.,68,godpunishessinsofallnations,amo1:11thussaysthelord,forthreetransgressionsofedomandforfouriwillnotrevokeitspunishment,becausehepursuedhisbrotherwiththesword,whilehestifledhiscompassion;hisangeralsotorecontinually,andhemaintainedhisfuryforever.,69,godpunishessinsofallnations,amo2:4thussaysthelord,forthreetransgressionsofjudahandforfouriwillnotrevokeitspunishment,becausetheyrejectedthelawofthelordandhavenotkepthisstatutes;theirliesalsohaveledthemastray,thoseafterwhichtheirfatherswalked.,70,godpunishessinsofallnations,amo2:6thussaysthelord,forthreetransgressionsofisraelandforfouriwillnotrevokeitspunishment,becausetheyselltherighteousformoneyandtheneedyforapairofsandals.,71,goddemandsrepentanceandrighteousness,joe2:12yetevennow,declaresthelord,returntomewithallyourheart,andwithfasting,weepingandmourning;joe2:13andrendyourheartandnotyourgarments.nowreturntothelordyourgod,forheisgraciousandcompassionate,slowtoanger,aboundinginlovingkindnessandrelentingofevil.,72,goddemandsrepentanceandrighteousness,zec7:8thenthewordofthelordcametozechariahsaying,zec7:9thushasthelordofhostssaid,dispensetruejusticeandpracticekindnessandcompassioneachtohisbrother;zec7:10anddonotoppressthewidowortheorphan,thestrangerorthepoor;anddonotdeviseevilinyourheartsagainstoneanother.,73,goddemandsrepentanceandrighteousness,zec7:11buttheyrefusedtopayattentionandturnedastubbornshoulderandstoppedtheirearsfromhearing.zec7:12theymadetheirheartslikeflintsothattheycouldnothearthelawandthewordswhichthelordofhostshadsentbyhisspiritthroughtheformerprophets;thereforegreatwrathcamefromthelordofhosts.,74,goddemandsrepentanceandrighteousness,mic6:6withwhatshallicometothelordandbowmyselfbeforethegodonhigh?shallicometohimwithburntofferings,withyearlingcalves?mic6:7doesthelordtakedelightinthousandsoframs,intenthousandriversofoil?shallipresentmyfirstbornformyrebelliousacts,thefruitofmybodyforthesinofmysoul?,75,goddemandsrepentanceandrighteousness,mic6:8hehastoldyou,oman,whatisgood;andwhatdoesthelordrequireofyoubuttodojustice,tolovekindness,andtowalkhumblywithyourgod?,76,godrejectssuperficialworship,amo5:21ihate,irejectyourfestivals,nordoidelightinyoursolemnassemblies.amo5:22eventhoughyouofferuptomeburntofferingsandyourgrainofferings,iwillnotacceptth
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