英语被动语态PPT课件

-,1,Passivevoice,-,2,被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。,-,3,1.规则动词的过去分词：,1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ed,watch-watched,2)以不发音e结尾的加-d,practice-practiced,3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-ed,study-studied,4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed,stop-stopped,2.不规则动词的过去分词：,am,is,are,been,have,has,had,do,done,write,written,go,gone,-,4,Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Bowls,arewashed,by,hisbrother,everyday.,改为被动语态,TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinChina.PeoplespeakEnglishasthefirstlanguageinUK.,FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.,ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.,Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.,ThesemachinesaremadebyusinChina.,EnglishisspokenasthefirstlanguageinUK.,你知道这些被动句的否定句和一般疑问句吗？,-,6,1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词,变为被动语态,-,7,Helookedafterthelittlebabyyesterday.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Thelittlebaby,waslookedafter,by,him,yesterday.,-,8,Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedthisroomforresting.Theyplantedmanytreesyearsago.,Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.,Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.,Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.,Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.,Manytreeswereplantedbythemyearsago.,-,9,2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm,Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词,-,10,Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Theroom,willbecleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,-,11,Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosontheplaygroundtomorrow.Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Thefarmerswillgrowdifferentkindsofvegetablesnextspring.UncleWangwillmendtheTVsettomorrow.,Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek.,Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenontheplaygroundtomorrow.,Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.,Differentkindsofvegetableswillbegrownbythefarmersnextspring.,TheTVsetwillbemendedbyUncleWangtomorrow.,-,12,3.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.,Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词,-,13,4AmycantakegoodcareofTina,TinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词,-,14,1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.5.Jimcoulddoityesterday.,Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.,ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.,Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.,Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.,ItcouldbedonebyJimyesterday.,-,15,1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives_forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_twiceamonth.,EXERCISES,areused,are,cleaned,(变被动语态）,-,16,3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor._onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_toreturnthebookintime.,Theticketwasfound,wastold,-,17,5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He_onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers_tohelpthem.,wasmadetohave,canbe,used,-,18,7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?_atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_ourwork_today?,Weremanytreesplanted,Mustbefinished,-,19,9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)_somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_.,weweregiven,were,giventous,-,20,10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_bywomeninthisfactory.,wasasked,isdone,-,21,12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike_intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine_threetimesaday.,canbemended,mustbe,taken,-,22,14.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?_thisquestionoften_about_?,isstudied,Is,talked,bythem,-,23,下列时态的被动语态构成Wehavefinishedourcompositions.,看一看想一想,-,24,Wehavemadetwentymorekeys,Twentymorekeyshavebeenmadebyus.现在完成时：S+have/has+been+过去分词,-,25,总结：各种时态的被动语态构成,一般现在时：一般过去时：一般将来时：现在完成时：情态动词：,S+am/is/are+doneS+was/were+doneS+will+be+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+done,各种时态的被动语态构成,-,27,-,28,主动语态变被动语态口诀：宾语提前主语变，原主变宾by后见，时态人称be关键。,-,29,何时使用被动语态呢？一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：Footballisplayedallovertheworld二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如：Mybikewasstolen我的自行车被盗了。,-,30,三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如：ItissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouseandItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.众所周知Itiswellknownthat据推测说Itissupposedthat,-,31,四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。例如：TinaisaskedtocomebyPaulTina是被Paul叫来的。五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：HewasborninOctober，1989,-,32,主动语态变为被动语态的特殊情况:一、使役动词和感官动词在主动结构中，后面接不带to的不定式，但如果改成被动句，则需把省略的to加上，这类动词有：hear,see,watch,make,help,let等。1)Iheardhimsinglastnight.Hewasheardtosinglastnight.2)Wesawhimwalkintothebuilding.Hewasseentowalkintothebuilding.3)Thebossmadethemwork10hoursaday.Theyweremadetowork10hoursaday.,-,33,makesb.doseesb.dohearsb.doletsb.dowatchsb.do,bemadetodobeseentodosb.beheardtodobelettodobewatchedtodo,主动,被动,-,34,考点三含双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态1)Someonegavetheboyanapple.(间接宾语)(直接宾语)Anapple(物)wasgiven_theboy.Theboy（人）wasgivenanapple.2)Hisfatherboughthimapresent.Apresent（物）wasbought_him.He（人）wasboughtapresent.,to,for,-,35,givesb.sth.passsb.sth.sellsb.sth.makesb.sth.buysb.sth.,begiventosb.bepassedtosb.besoldtosb.Sthbemadeforsb.beboughtforsb.,主动,被动,-,36,【考点四】,lookforlookaftertakecareofhandinlaughatspeakto,belookedforbelookedafterbetakencareofbehandedinbelaughedatbespokento,不要漏掉介词.,Lilytookcareofthebaby.,ThebabywastakencareofbyLily.,主动,被动,小结：动词短语在转换成被动语态时，不能丢掉其中的_。,介词或副词,-,37,中考挑战,-,38,历届中考试题小试身手,1Whatanicegarden!-It_everyday.AiscleaningBhascleanedCmustcleanDiscleaned2Thecomputers_tothevillageschoolaspresentslastmonth.AaregivenBgivenCweregivenDgave3ItisreportedthattheUndergroundLineNo.3_inNanjingin2016.AwillbuildBhasbuiltCwillbebuiltDhasbeenbuilt,-,39,4.Theletteris_inFrench.Icantreadit.AwritingBwrittenCwroteDwrites5.When_thiskindofcomputer_?-Lastyear.Adid,useBwas,usedCis,usedDare,used,-,40,6.Thousandsoftreesoverthemountains_bythefarmerslastyear.AplantedBwasplantedCwereplantedDwillplant,-,41,7.Themedicine_inadryandcoolplaceAkeepBmustkeepCmustbekeptDmustbekeep8.Thisdictionarymustnt_fromthelibraryAtakeawayBtakenawayCaretakenawayDbetakenaway9.Nooneknowshowthehugerocks_and_withoutourmodernmachineseighthundredyearsagoAarecut；movedBwerecut；moveCarecut；movingDwerecut；moved,-,42,10.Lookatthesignontheright.Oh,parking_here.AdoesntallowBisntallowedCdidntallowDwasntallowed11.DidyougotoSamsweekendparty?No,I_.AamnotinvitedBwasntinvitedChaventinvitedDdidntinvited12.Thetelephone_byAlexanderGrahamBellin1876.AwasinventedBhasbeeninventedCisinventedDwillbeinvented13.Lastyear,LiHua,acollegestudent,_toworkfortheOlympicGames.AischoosingBischosenCwaschoosingDwaschosen,-,43,14.Whenyouleavetheroom,makesurethedoor_.AwaslockedBislockedCwillbelockedDshouldbelocked15.IwanttobeaChineseteacherwhenIgrowup.Thatsgreat.Chineset