听力专题精PPT课件

.,高考英语听力专题永州四中刘斌,.,考纲要求2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲（英语）中有关听力的要求：要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）获取具体的、事实性信息；（3）对所听内容做出推断；（4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。,.,考纲解读考试大纲听力测试部分要求考生能听懂有关日常生活中所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。考生应具备：1.了解事实与细节(如时间、地点、数据等)的能力；2.揭示对话或独白的主要意义的能力；3.明确说话人的语气与意图的能力；4.辨认人物的角色和关系的能力；5.分析人物的态度和感受的能力；6.简单地进行逻辑推理与判断的能力。,.,特征：,1.听力测试是考查学生理解口头语言能力的测试。因此，它的结构不像书面语言那么严谨，句子短，重复率高，冗余信息多。听力测试的材料比阅读材料要容易，基本上没有超纲的词语（但常会出现一些陌生的人名或地名）。2.大多数听力材料来源于英语国家的生活会话，题材广泛，涉及英语国家日常生活的许多方面，具有明显的口语特征，听起来自然真实，符合在非测试状态下英语口语在社会生活中运用的真实情景。有利于全面有效的检测考生在不同生活实际环境下对所学语言的感悟和接受能力。3.对话或独白都通过具体语言内容表明一个特定的语境。理解语境是把握所听内容的关键，是理解材料内容的前提。4.材料一般由10段对话和独白构成，总词数为850左右。除了一些专有词外，材料中一般没有生词。,.,2017年新课标全国卷I英语听力材料话题明细,.,近几年高考测试内容大多属于日常生活类，非常贴近生活，贴近时代，话题涉及的生活领域更广，提问方式更加注意整体。因此，高考听力的选材，定会来源于生活，体现生活情景。所以，高中英语听力的平日训练应紧扣日常英语，包括讨论派对、假期计划、安排地点和时间、工作面试、周末活动、日常饮食、运动健康、道路方位、交通方式、住房和租房、邻里、租赁关系等等。,高考命题趋势预测,.,备考方法：,关键：信息提取具体信息是指语篇中的时间、地点、人物等细节性的信息。这些信息是理解和把握对话或独白的主旨必不可少的内容，也常常是听力部分的考查项目。设问全部是特殊疑问句，几乎涵盖了所有的疑问类型，如：what,who,when,where,why,how,whattime,howmany,howmuch,howlong,howold,howsoon,howoften等提问。,.,提问方式：Whenwillthevisitorscome?WhenwillthemanprobablygettoBeijing?Whenandwheredotheyagreetomeetfinally?,高考热点突破一：判断时间,.,1.Whattimeisitnow?A.9:10.B.9:50.C.10:00.,Text1（2015年全国1卷第1题）W:Whattimeisyourtrainleaving?M:Itleavesatten.Ivegotfiftyminutesleft.W:Youdbetterhurry,oryouwontbeabletocatchit.,高考真题：,.,捕捉目标词语（targetwords),即与问题相关的重要信息。,培养瞬间记忆能力，边听边记，用缩写或符号来标记。,备考指南：,.,halfpast,aquarterto,a.m.,p.m.,before,ahead,earlier,later,delay,putoff,近音干扰。如：fifteen和fifty,(时间的提前),（时间的推后）,备考指南：,.,(1)表示:“之前”的常用词:already,before,previous,former等;(2)表示“两者同时”:meanwhile,meantime,presently(不久,现在),then,now,contemporary(同代人,同龄人),simultaneous(同时的,同时发生的)等;3)表示“之后”的常用词有;after,finally.,immediately,last,later,next,suddenly等;(4)January(Jan);February(Feb):March(Mar);April(Apr);May:June(Jun):July(Ju):August(Aug);September(Sept);October(Oct);November(Nov):December(Dec)(5)Monday(Mon);Tuesday(Tues):Wednesday(Wed);Thursday(Thurs)；Friday(Fri);Saturday(Sat);Sunday(Sun),备考指南：,.,提问方式：Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?Wherearethetwospeakers?Wheredoestheman(woman)work?Whereisthemangoing?,高考热点突破二：判断场景,.,4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?Inawineshop.Inasupermarket.Inarestaurant.,听力原文：2016Text4M:Heresthemenu,Madame.Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?W:Yes,please.MayIseethewinelist?M:Certainly.Hereyouare.,高考真题：,.,抓住信息词(informativewords),关键词(keywords)进行合理的判断或推断。,school:,airport:,lecture,paper,exam,teacher,timetable,takeoff,flight,相关词汇,备考指南：,.,Athospital：examine,headache,coldandflu,pill,bloodpressureInthepostoffice：mail,post,stamp,envelope,package,airmailAthotel：bookaroom,asingle/doubleroomAtrestaurant：menu,order,bill,beer,wineInthelibrary：book,magazineInthebank：cash.checkAtashop:size,color,style,supermarket,discount,chainstoreInahouse:family,parents,kid,relative,housework,wife,husband,备考指南：,.,电话场景1.operator接线员2.call/telephone/ring/phonesb.或givesb.acall/ring3.Hello!Thisisspeaking.Whosspeaking?/Whoisthat?4.Extensionsixtwotwosix,please.请转6226。5.longdistancecall长途电话,.,6.Thelineisbad/busy/engaged.或Itkeptabusyline.电话占线。7.collectcall对方付费的电话8.putthrough接通电话9.holdon/up；Holdtheline,please.10.Illcallbacklater/again.或Illringhim/herupagain.11.Icouldntgetthrough.12.Sorry,Imafraidyouhavethewrongnumber.,.,酒店场景1.makeareservation预定房间2.receptiondesk接待处3.checkin入住4.checkout结账5.singleroom单间6.suite套间7.Doyouhaveareservation,Sir?,.,8.Haveyougotanyvacantroom?(=Isthereanyroomavailablehere?)有空房间吗？9.Alltheroomareoccupied.房间已满。10.CanIhaveasuiteplease?11.Howmuchdoyouchargeforthat?12.Smokingornosmoking?13.Mealsincluded.包括饮食。14.CanIshowyouyourroom?/CanIcarryyourluggage?,.,超速场景1.speeding2.MayIseeyourlicense,please?3.Youwillbefinedby$20.购物场景1.store杂货店2.departmentstore百货商场3.shoppingcenter购物中心4.商品信息：size;color;style;price;Whatcolor/size/kinddoyouwant?,.,5.商品论贵贱：expensive,cheap6.价格论高低：high,low,bargain便宜货7.popular/fashionable流行的infashion流行，时尚8.outoffashion过时的9.brand品牌10.counter柜台11.payincash用现金支付12.payincheck用支票支付13.creditcard信用卡,.,14.shopassistant商店营业员15.outofstock脱销/缺货16.instock有货天气场景1.cloudy阴天2.overcast多云3.thunder打雷4.strong/highwind大风5.tornado龙卷风6.typhoon台风,.,7.storm风暴8.blizzard暴风雪9.downpour倾盆大雨10.shower阵雨11.Itrainscatsanddogs.(=Therainispouring.)下着倾盆大雨。12.clearup天空放晴13.putawayclothes下雨收衣服14.weatherinLondon/Seattle意指不好的天气,.,15.weatherinCalifornia意指好天气经常和天气相联系的情况：vacation和flight（航班）（bedelayed/cancelledbythebadweather）,.,机场场景1.flight航班2.Welcomeonboard!欢迎登机3.boundfor飞往方向去的4.checkin办理登机手续5.behindschedule晚点6.takeoff起飞7.land降落,.,职业,身份,说话者之间的关系,Whatdoesthewomanmando?Whatsthewomansmansjob?Whatisthemanwoman?Whoarethetwospeakers?Whatsthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?,提问方式：,高考热点突破三：判断人物及关系,.,8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates.B.Colleagues.C.Roommates.,听力原文（2016年全国1卷第8题）Text7M:Hi,Sue.Howsitgoing?W:Oh,hi,Frank,justfine.Howareyourclasses?M:Prettygood.Imgladthisismylasttermhere,though.W:Whyisthat?Ithoughtyouwereenjoyingschool.M:Iwas.ButnowImgettingtiredofit.Imreadyfortherealworld.W:Whatareyouplanningtodowhenyougraduate?M:First,Iwanttogetajobasacomputerprogrammer,andthenafterfiveyearsorso,Idliketostartmyownbusiness.W:Soundsgood.IstillhavethreetermstogountilImdone.M:Youllmakeitforsure.Well,seeyoulater.W:Bye!,高考真题：,.,根据谈话内容判断。,根据语气判断。,在听人物之间关系的题目时，说话人之间的语气尤其重要，如果是上司跟下属之间的关系，语气一般较强硬，有命令的意味；而如果是夫妻之间，则语气较为甜蜜，随意；朋友之间较亲切；服务员对顾客一般较尊敬。总之揣摩语气非常重要。,备考指南：,.,常见的人物关系：Doctorpatientwaiter/waitresscustomersecretarybossshopassistantcustomerdriverpolicemanteacherstudentsalesmancustomerhusbandwifereceptionisttouristlawyerclient,备考指南：,.,相关词汇：doctorandpatient：troublecheckpainsorefeverheartstomachlungsbloodtestprescriptionlightdietwhendiditstartopenyourmouthhusbandandwife：deardarlingsweetheartmylovecookpicnicTVdinnershopassistantandcustomer：sizecolortryonpricediscountCanIhelpyou？Whatsizedoyouwear？Isthatcashorcharge？,备考指南：,.,许多听力材料中涉及数字，例如年代、日期、价格、数量等等，并且会以基数词、序数词、分数、小数、百分比等形式出现，这就要求考生辨别各种形式的数字，还要熟悉数字之间的关系。,高考热点突破四：数字及简单的计算,.,提问方式：,Whendidtheplanetakeoff?Whenwillthetrainarrive?Whattimeisitnow?Howlongdidthemeetinglast?Whatsthepriceofthecar?Howmuchperpoundaretheoranges?Howmuchdidthemanspendonthetickets?Howmuchdoesthewomanhavetopayforthedress?,备考指南：,.,3.Atwhattimewillthetwospeakersmeet?A.5:20.B.5:10.C.4:40.,Text32011全国一卷（3）M:Letsmeetat20to5.W:Well.Couldwemakeit20past5?W:Thatsabitlateforme.Icouldmanage10past.M:OK.Seeyouthen.,高考真题：,.,15.Howmuchcananewpersonearnforthefirstyear?A.$10,500.B.$12,000.C.$15,000.16.Howmanypeoplewillthewomanhire?A.Four.B.Three.C.Two.,听力原文Text92014年全国卷第（15）（16）题W:Pleasesitdown.LetsseeyoureMr.Smith.Isthatcorrect?M:Yes.JohnSmith.W:Andyoureinterestedinthisjob?M:Yes,Iam.IllgraduatefromcollegethecomingJune.MymajorisChinese.W:Isee.Haveyoueverdoneanyworkinthisfield?M:Yes,IusedtobeatourguideforChinesetravellers.W:Good.Now,howmuchmoneydoyouexpecttohaveforayear?M:FromwhatIveread,itseemsthatastartingpaywouldbearound$12,000ayear.W:Here,youwouldstartat$10,500forthefirstyearakindoftrainingperiod.Thenyouwouldgoto$15,000.M:Thatsoundsfairenough.Whatdoyouthinkarethechancesformetogetajobhere?W:Well,Imtalkingtothreepeopletodayandfourtomorrow.Wellbehiringtwopeople.Youllhearfromussometimenextmonth.Goodluck!Andthanksforcomingintoday.,.,(1)数字题听力题所涉及的数字包括年代、时间、距离、速度、价格、数量等。要求回答某事在什么时间发生;或者某人在什么时间做什么事情;价格、数量等。在做数字计算题时,考生除了应该听清具体的数字,还应该注意表示倍数、百分率等的单词。考查数字的辨音。其中考生觉得较难-teen和-ty。比如,fifteen和fifty的区分。,备考指南：,.,考查和价格有关的数字表达方式:美元单位:dollar(元),dime(角),cent(美分),nickel(5美分),quarter(25美分);商品“打几折”的读法有两种:可以直接读atax%discount或x%off,例如打七折可以说成ata70%discount或30%off;其他一些与数字有关的表达:couple(一对),dozen(一打),fortnight(两周),afewdaysago/theotherday(几天前);注意以下单位:inch(英寸),foot(英尺),yard(码),mile(英里),meter(米),centimeter(厘米),kilometer(公里),gram(克),kilometer(千克),ton(吨),gallon(加仑),pint(品脱),squaremeter(平方米),cubicmeter（立方米）,liter（升）,备考指南,.,记住下面这些表示数字与数字之间的关系词：表加减关系的词,如more(多),less(少),late(晚),early（早),fast(快),slow(慢),before(前),after(后)表乘除关系的词,如times(倍),twice(两倍),percentage(百分比),apairof(一双),halfof(一半),doublet双倍),quarter(四分之一)等。,备考指南：,.,提问方式：,Whyisshelateangrydisappointed?Whydidntcouldntheshegotothetheatre?WhatisthereasonforherleavingforNewYork?,高考热点突破五：方法，原因与理由,.,3.WhydoesthemantalktoDr.Simpson?A.Tomakeanapology.B.Toaskforhelp.C.Todiscusshisstudies.,Text3（2016年全国2卷第3题）原因M:ImsorryIwaslateforclasstoday,Dr.Simpson.W:Well,Illletitgothistime.Butyousawitdisturbedtherestoftheclass.M:Yes,Irealizedthat.Iwontletithappenagain.,高考真题：,.,涉及因果关系的对话主要有两种情况：先结果，后原因；先原因，后结果。一般说来，涉及因果关系的题目的重点在原因上，因此要特别注意对话中后者的答语。1熟练掌握表示因果关系的词或者词组：because，since、so、as、becauseof、asaresultof、cause、occurfrom、dueto、owingto、onaccountof、nowthat、sothat等。2通过问题和选项预测，在听的过程式中注意表示因果关系表达法、习惯用语、虚拟语气及分词的时态和语态。,备考指南：,.,常见设问方式：Whatdoestheman(woman)sayabout/thinkof?/Howdoestheman(woman)feelabout/like?/Whatsthemans(womans)opinionabout/Whatisthemans(womans)attitudetowardtheconversation?/Howdoestheman(woman)feel?/Themans(womans)feelingtowardthesubjectcanbebestdescribedas等。,高考热点突破六：观点态度,.,听力原文：Text92016年全国2卷（16）观点态度M:YoumustbeprettyexcitedaboutyourtriptoEurope,Dorothy.Whenareyouleaving?W:Injusttwoweeks,andIamexcited.Ivebeenlookingforwardtothistrainingprogramforalongtime.ButtherearestillafewthingsIneedtodobeforeIgo.M:Likewhat?W:LikerenewingmypassportandfiguringoutwhattodowithmyapartmentwhileImgone.M:Youarenotgoingtogiveitup,areyou?W:Noway!Illneverfindanotherapartmentlikeitaroundhere.ButIdontliketheideaofpayingthreemonthsforanemptyapartment,either.So,ImlookingforsomeonetotakeitwhileImaway.M:Um,letmethink.Oh,Iknowjustaperson.Anoldcolleagueofmine,JimThomas.Heiscomingheretodosomeresearchthissummer,fromJunetoAugust.W:Well,thatsexactlywhenIllbeaway!M:Tellyouwhat:IllbecallingJimlatethisweekanyway,soIllmentionittohim.W:Well,thanks,Bill.,16.WhatdoesDorothythinkofherapartment?A.Itsexpensive.B.Itssatisfactory.C.Itsinconvenient.,高考真题：,.,此类题要求考生根据对话者说话的语音、语调、语气以及谈话内容，判断出说话者对某人、某事物的看法或态度。,备考指南：,.,1捕捉“弦外之音”，如降调表示赞同肯定；升调表示疑问否定。2要学会透过转折和让步把握说话者的真正意图。表示真实态度的常见词是“but”,“well,itdepends”,“aboveall”等.尤其要注意but等后的意思，以及though，although，eventhough，evenif，inspiteof，despite，unless，insteadof，however及whatever(=nomatterwhat)之类引导让步状语从句的表达法。3要注意一些表示否定意义的词，如：n