中国传统文化Chinese-Traditional-Culture.ppt

中国传统文化zhngguchuntngwnhuChineseTraditionalCulture,Contents,传统节日及风俗习惯TraditionalFestivalsandcustoms,分类ClassificationofChineseTraditionalCulture,概览OverviewofChineseTraditionalCulture,介绍IntroductiontoChineseTraditionalCulture,PARTIntroductiontoChineseTraditionalCulture中国传统文化介绍,TheChinesetraditionalCultureofishometooneoftheworldsoldestandmostcomplexcivilizations.Chinaboastsahistoryrichinover5,000yearsofartistic,philosophical,political,andscientificadvancement.Ithas4characteristics:1.ALongHistory.Ithas5000yearsofhistory.2.NationalCharacteristic.ChinesetraditionalcultureisuniquetoChina,whichisdifferentfromothernations.3.FromGenerationtoGeneration.Chinesetraditionalculturehasbeeninterruptedinsomeshorthistoricalperiods.Moreorless,ithaschangedindifferenthistoricalperiods,butonthewholeitsoneculturewithoutinterruption.Generallyspeaking,ithasnotchangedmuch.4.ExtensiveandProfound.“Extensive”referstoChinesetraditionalculturesbreadthrichandcolorful；“Profound”meansChinastraditionalculturesdepthunfathomable.,PARTClassificationofChineseTraditionalCulture中国传统文化分类,1.传统节日及风俗习惯TraditionalFestivalsandCustoms:春节SpringFestival清明节Tomb-sweepingDay端午节DragonBoatFestival中秋节Mid-AutumnFestival元宵节LanternFestival重阳节DoubleNinthDay,etc.2.传统艺术TraditionalArts:书法calligraphy国画painting戏剧opera建筑architecture,etc3.民间工艺FolkArtsandCrafts:陶瓷ceramics(china)剪纸paper-cuts刺绣embroidery丝绸silk古玩antique,印章seal中国结Chineseknot,etc4.中国古代文学ChineseAncientLiterature:诗歌poetry戏曲drama散文prose小说novel,5.传统思想及礼仪TraditionalThoughtsandEtiquettes:儒家思想Confucianism道家思想Taoism中华礼仪ChineseEtiquette6.其他著名的传统文化OtherFamousCultures武术（功夫）Wushu(kungfu)茶文化TeaCulture中医TraditionalChineseMedicine饮食文化ChineseDietaryCulture,PARTOverviewofChineseTraditionalCulture中国文化概览,fourmajortraditionalfestivals,ChineseCalligraphy中国书法,ChinesePainting中国国画,Landscapepainting山水画,Bird-and-flowerpainting花鸟画,ChineseOpera中国戏曲,京剧BeijingOpera,ForbiddenCity故宫,theTempleofHeaven天坛,ChineseArchitecture中国建筑,Ceramics陶瓷,paper-cuts剪纸,刺绣embroidery,silk丝绸,古玩antique,Chineseknot,Chinesekongfu中国功夫,中医TraditionalChineseMedicine,Teaculture茶文化,maketea沏茶,饮食文化ChineseDietaryCulture,PARTChineseTraditionalFestivalsandCustoms中国传统节日,Therearesomethingyouhavetoknowfirst:,2.中国的农历（nngl）theChineselunarcalendar,1.中国的十二生肖ChineseZodiac,3.中国红（zhngguhng）WhatdoestheChineseRedmeantoChinesepeople?,1.中国的十二生肖（shrshngxio）ChineseZodiac,Chinesepeopleconsiderthat12-yearisacycle.Eachyearofwhichisnamedafteradifferentanimalthatimpartsdistinctcharacteristicstoitsyear.ManyChinesebelievethattheyearofapersonsbirthistheprimaryfactorindeterminingthatpersonspersonalitytraits,physicalandmentalattributesanddegreeofsuccessandhappinessthroughoutoneslifetime.Eachanimalisrelatedtooneyearina12-yearcycle.Thesetwelveanimalsare:鼠（sh）rat,牛（ni）ox,虎（h）tiger,兔（t）rabbit,龙（lng）dragon,蛇（sh）snake,马（m）horse,羊（yng）sheep,猴（hu）monkey,鸡（j）rooster,狗（gu）dogand猪（zh）pig.Theyear2012istheyearofdragon,whichisasymbolofthewholeChinesenationality.2014istheyearofhorse.,中国的十二生肖ChineseZodiac,TheChineseLunarCalendarisbasedonthecyclesofthemoon,andisconstructedinadifferentfashionthantheWesternsolarcalendar.IntheChinesecalendar,thebeginningoftheyearfallssomewherebetweenlateJanuaryandearlyFebruary.TheChinesehaveadoptedtheWesterncalendarsince1911,butthelunarcalendarisstillusedforfestiveoccasionssuchastheChineseNewYear.ManyChinesecalendarswillprintboththesolardatesandtheChineselunardates.,2.中国的农历（nngl）theChineselunarcalendar,3.中国红（zhngguhng）ChineseRedWhatdoestheChineseRedmeantoChinesepeople?,InancientChina,redisthemaincolorusedintheformalclothesofemperors,imperialfamillymembers,civilandmilitaryofficials.Redwasalwaysthespecialcolorofroyalguardsofhonorandconveyances.Chinesepeopleloveredcolorbecauseitalsosymbolizesprosperity,happinessandgoodluck.TodaytheChinesepeoplehaveadeepspecialloveforthecolorred.Wheneverthereisahappyevent,peopleautomaticallyexpresstheirfeelingswithred.Thisisthelegacyofacultureseveralthousandyearsold.,Tiananmen(theGateofHeavenlyPeace)isoneofthemostmagnificentgatetowerofChina.ItistheheartofBeijing,thesymbolofChina.,thenationalflagofChina,SpringFestival春节（chnji）TheSpringFestivalisknownasthemostimportantFestivalinChina.Duringtheholiday,peoplegobacktohometownfromeverywherenomatterhowfarthedistanceis.TheypreparevariousdeliciousfoodandpresentsfortheSpringFestivalEve(thelastdayofChineselunarcalendar).ChinesewillhaveahappyfamilyunionintheSpringFestivalEve,theybelievethatstheenddayoflastyearandtheywillstayupforgoodluckuntilthefirstdayofnextyear.,Traditionalcustoms:1.吃饺子（jioz）eatdumplingsInChina,themosttraditionalandpopularSpringFestivalfoodisdumpling,whichlookslikethehalf-moonwithvegetablesandmeatmixedinit.TheChinesenameofdumplingis“JIAOZI”,”JIAO”means”cross”,”ZI”isChinesetraditionaltimerepresents“24:00”,sotheChineseword“JIAOZI”means“cross24:00”,justthedividingpointoflastyearandnextyear.SowhentheChinesepeoplearewaitingfor24:00,everyfamilyeatsdumplings.,2.贴春联（chnlin）、放烟花（ynhu）爆竹（bozh）putupSpringFestivalcouplets,setfirecrackersandfireworksNoweveryNewYearseve,puttingupSpringFestivalcoupletsonthedoorandsettingfirecrackersandfireworksbecomeSpringFestivalcustoms.Peoplebelievedoingthesewillbringtheirfamilysafetyandgoodluck.,春联couplets,剪纸paper-cuts,3.发红包（fhngbo）giveredenvelopestochildrenSpringFestivalisalsothehappiesttimeforchildren,becausetheycangetredenvelopecontainingmoneyasagiftfromtheelder.,4.拜年（binin）payanewyearcallDuringtheSpringFestival,anyunfortunatewordcannotbeheardbecauseitwillmakepeopleupsetandunhappy.Peoplealsomakeuseofthisholidaytovisittheirrelativesandbringthemsomepresentsandwell-wishing.,新年常用祝福语frequently-usedblessings:新年好（xnninho）Happynewyear!新年快乐（xnninkuil）Happynewyear!马年快乐（mninkuil）Happythehorsenewyear!恭喜发财（gngxfci）Wishyouaprosperousnewyear!万事如意（wnshry）Wishyouallthethingisbest!,清明节（qngmngji）Tomb-SweepingDay,Tomb-SweepingDay,TombSweepingDayisanancientfestivalinspring,alsocalledQingMingFestival.InancientChina,theemperorworshippedheavenandearthinordertoblessforharvest.Peopleworshippedtheirancestorswithsacrificeandshowedtheirmissingforancestors.Itnormallyfallsonthe4thor5thofApril.,TombSweepingDayisadaythatnotonlylettheChinesepeopleworshiptheirancestors,butalsoinherittheirfinetraditions.,Traditionalcustoms:,扫墓sweeptomb(grave)Peopleshouldgotocleangraves,presentflowersandlightincensesinmemoryoftheirancestors.,dunwji,DragonBoatFestival,TheDragonBoatFestival,alsocalledtheDuanwuFestival,iscelebratedonthe5thMayaccordingtotheChineselunarcalendar.Forthousandsofyears,thefestivalhasbeenmarkedbyeatingzongzi(glutinousrice糯米wrappedtoformapyramidusingbambooorreedleaves)andracingdragonboats.,Thefestivalisbestknownforitsdragon-boatraces,especiallyinthesouthernprovinceswheretherearemanyriversandlakes.DragonboatracingcommemoratesthedeathofQuYuan,anhonestministerwhoissaidtohavecommittedsuicidebydrowninghimselfinariver.QuwasaministeroftheStateofChusituatedinpresent-dayHunanandHubeiprovinces,duringtheWarringStatesPeriod(475-221BC).,QuYuanwasagoodandrespectedman,butbecauseofthemisdeedsofjealousrivalsheeventuallyfellintodisfavorintheemperorscourt.Unabletoregaintherespectoftheemperor,inhissorrowQuYuanthrewhimselfintotheMiLuoriver.,1.吃粽子（zngz）eatricedumplings,Traditionalcustoms:,2.赛龙舟（lngzhu）ThemaineventofthefestivitiesistheDragonBoatRace.,中秋节(zhngqiji),Mid-AutumnDay,Mid-autumnDayisAugust15thonlunarcalendar.Accordingtohistoryrecords,ChineseemperorhastraditionthatworshiptheSuninspringandworshiptheMooninautumn.Asaugust15thisexactlythemiddleofautumn,soitiscalledMid-AutumnDay.ThetraditionalfoodofMid-AutumnDayisMooncake,aroundbakedcakewithfillingsinit.Theroundshapeofmooncakerepresentsfamilyreunion.InthenightofMid-AutumnDay,everyfamilyeatsmooncakeandwatchesthemoon.,themythofChangeflyingtothemoon嫦娥奔月,OnemostfamousstoryisChangeflyingtothemoon.Thousandsofyearsago,therewere9sunsinthesky,manypeoplefelttoohottolive.AyoungmancalledYiw