青海省青海师大附属第二中学九年级英语《动词不定时》课件 人教新目标版

Grammar,Infinitive,不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not/nevertodo”，不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for/of+名词或代词宾格”构成。,作主语,ToknowsomethingaboutEnglishisonething;toknowEnglishisquiteanother.做那种事真是愚蠢.Todothatsortofthingisfoolish.=Itisfoolishtodothatsortofthing.比较:Walkingaftersupperishelpful.Towalkinthestreetthiseveningwillbenice.,不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语。,作表语,e.gMytaskistokeepourclassroomclean.眼见为实：ToSeeistobelieveSeeingisbelieving.,你要干的事就是尽快把这项工作做完。,Allyouhavetodoisfinishthejobquickly.,Allyouhavetodois(to)finishthejobquickly.,作宾语,Freddidnthaveanymoney,sohedecidedtolookforajob.Hepromisednottotellanyoneaboutit.Ifounditinterestingtoworkwithhim.注以下动词只能跟不定式做宾语：afford,agree,ask,decide,demand,expect,fail,help,hope,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,wish,attempt,不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it作形式宾语。,不定式动词在介词but，except后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定式不带to，否则要带to。例如：Shecoulddonothingbutcry她只会哭了。Ihavenochoicebuttogo我不得不走。,注,作定语,Doyouhaveanythingtosay?TherearealotofTVsetstochoosefrom.(有许多电视可供挑选择)Wefoundahousetolivein.（我们找到了一所房子住）,Heislookingforaroomtolivein他在找一个房间住。Thereisnothingtoworryabout无什么可担心的。Pleasegivemeaknifetocutwith请给我把刀子来切东西。,注：作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是time，place或way，不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。Hehadnomoneyandnoplacetolive他没钱没地方住。,Shehasagreatwishtotravelaroundtheword.Hemustkeepthepromisetopaywithinamonth.,一些要求不定式做宾语的动词转化为名词后,仍可带不定式做定语.如:agreement,attempt,decision,promise,wish,plan,Bettywasthefirsttoknowthetruth.TheeasiestwaytolearnEnglishisstayingatanEnglishfamily.,名词前有序数词，最高级或next,only等修饰时,注2,注3,作状语,目的状语:Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.原因状语:Theyjumpedwithjoytohearthenews.方式状语:Heraisedhishandasiftotakeoffhishat.不定式修饰作表语或宾补的形容词:Theythoughtyouunwillingtotellthetruth.,Iamverygladtohearit.,结果状语:Imtootiredtowalkanyfurthertonight.不定式作结果状语的常用结构:so+adj./adv.+astodo如此以致于such+adj.+n.+astodo如此以致于adj./adv.+enough+todo足够too+adv./adj.+todo太以致于不能,例如：Heistoooldtodothat,Theroomisbigenoughtoholdus,作宾补,动词+宾语+带to的不定式:Sheaskedmetostaythere.PleaseallowmetointroduceMr.Whitetoyou.,advice,allow,ask,beg,cause,challenge,drive,tell,encourage,expect,forbid,force,hire,intend,invite,order,permit,persuade,remind,require,teach,want,warm,表示见解、看法的动词+宾语+带to的不定式：Wefoundtherumortobetrue.Iconsiderhimtohavedonewrong.,believe,consider,declare,discover,feel(认为),find,imagine,judge,suppose,think,understand.,tobe或tohavedone,表示好恶的动词+宾语+带to的不定式：Ilikepeopletotellthetruth.Doyouprefermetodotheworkbymyself?,dislike,like,prefer,hate,love,want,动词短语+宾语+带to的不定式：Imwaitingforyoutoreply.YoucandependonJacktohelpyou.,arrangefor,askfor,callon,counton,longfor,dependon,relyon,waitfor,知觉动词+宾语+不带to的不定式Iheardtheclocktick.IlikedtolistentothebirdssingwhenIgetupearlyinthemorning.,see,notice,watch,lookat,observe,hear,listento,feel,使役动词+宾语+不带to的不定式Dontmakethechildrendosuchheavywork.ShallIhavehimcomehere?,have,make,let,Theyshouldntbemadetodosuchheavywork.,但是这些句中如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to。,Totellthetruth，Idontagreewithyou说实话，我不同意你的观点。Totellyouthetruth,Tobefrank,Tobeexact,Tobeginwith,Tomakealongstoryshort,作独立成分,who，which，when，where,how，what等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。例如：Hedidntknowwhattosay.(宾语)Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant?（主语）Myquestioniswhentostart(表语),不定式与疑问词,注意:在与why连用时,只用于why或whynot开头的简短疑问句中,后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to。例如：Whynothavearest?,of（品质）/for（特征）sb.todo,*Itis/was+adj.+ofsb.todoeg:Itisbraveofhimtosavethegirlinthewater.例如：kind,nice,good,brave,clever,wise,stupid,foolish,honest,careless,cruel,generousetc.*Itis+adj.+forsb.(用宾格)+todoeg.1:ItisnotdifficultforustolearnEnglishwell.例如：difficult,wonderful,meaningful,useful,painful,不定式的逻辑主语：,当不定式在某些词后充当成分时，常可省略动词原形，但要保留不定式的符号“to”,1）形容词后不定式的省略，如：happy,glad,eager,anxious,ready-Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?-Notatall.Iamhappyto.,不定式的省略,-Willyougotothecinemawithus?-Sorry,Idontwantto.,（2）动词后不定式的省略，如：like,love,care,wish,hope,want,expect,prefer,mean,try,oblige,advise,persuade,（3）宾语补足语中的省略，如：ask,tell,order,persuade,advise,permit,allow,Theboywantstoridehisbikeinthestreet,buthismothertellshimnotto,（4）在某些固定用法中的省略，如：oughtto,haveto,usedto,beableto，begoingto-Alice,whydidntyoucomeyesterday?-Iwasgoingto,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.注意：如果动词为be和have时，保留该词。Doyouwanttobeateacher?Yes,Iwanttobe.,Robertissaid_abroad,butIdidntknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.AtohavestudiedBtostudyCtobestudyingDtohavebeenstudyingThepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,_itmoredifficult.AnotmakeBnottomakeCnotmakingDdonotmake3.Iveworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat_inmynewjob.A.expectedB.toexpectCtobeexpectingDexpects,Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_whethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen5.ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows_.A.itwhattodowithB.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithitD.todowhatwithit6.Pauldoesnthavetobemade_.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning,Weagreed_herebutsofarshehasntturnedoutyet.A.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeetD.tohavemet8.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,