美国五大文化标志 ppt

FiveGreatSymbolsOftheAmericanCulture,美国文化的五大象征,FiveSymbols,Barbie,UncleSam,Amanlookedstraightaheadasflat（平的）,lipsclosed,hisexpressionisveryserious,meticulous（一丝不苟的mitikjuls）hobblearoundonthebridgeofthenose（在鼻梁上）roundglasses.Hecoveredwithmudholdsafork.Theexpressionofwomanbesidethemanisalsostern（严肃st:n）.Shestandsbehindamanandlookstotheman,whichhasalittleonlyheislisteningmeaning.,AmericanGothicisapaintingbyGrantWoodin1930.,Thispaintingreflectsthesolemn（adj.庄严的,严肃的,隆重的）prideinboththeUnitedStatesonbehalfoffarmersinagriculture-dominatedera（农业时代）,farmerscultivatethespiritofhardwork,butalsoasymbolofthepatriarchalsociety（父系社会）inthe19thcentury,theunquestionableauthorityandpowerofmen.此画体现了美国农民庄严的自豪它既代表了在农业占主导地位的年代，农民们勤劳耕作的精神，也象征着在19世纪男权社会中，不容置疑的男性权威和力量。,Author,GrantWood(1892-1942)oftheU.S.painter.WoodwasborninAnamosa,Iowa.HewasinMinneapolistolearnartsandcrafts,bydoingoddjobs（兼职）tofeedthemselves.1919-24yearsafter,hetaughtJulianinParis.1934,hebecameaprofessorintheDepartmentofFineArts,untilhisdeath.格兰特伍德（1892-1942年）美国画家。伍德出生于爱荷华州的安纳摩萨。他在明尼阿波利斯学习手工艺，靠打零工养活自己。1919-24年，他在巴黎的朱利安学院任教1934年后，他成为美术系的一名教授，直至去世。,GohicArchitecture,GoddessForms,ThestatueoflibertyisinthestyleoftheclothesinancientGreece,wearingthecrown（王冠kraun）ofraysandsevensharpmanssymbolize（象征）thesevencontinentsoftheworld.Statueoflibertyswaistis10.6meterswide,mouth91centimeterswide.Therighthandexaltstorch12.8metersthesymboloffreedomcan.Theedgeofitcanstand12people.Thelefthandholdsalawbooksanditscoverengravs（雕刻ngrev）“onJuly4,1776”,whichsymbolizethedayofthesigningofthe“Declarationofindependence“.Thebrokenhandcuffs,fettersandchains,arethesymbolsoffreedomfromtheconstraints（限制knstrent）oftyranny（暴政专制trn）.Herexpressionispeacefulandwarmnature.,自由女神像基石上铭刻的犹太女诗人爱玛拉扎露丝的十四行诗新巨人中的诗句：,TheNewColossusNotlikethebrazengiantofGreekfame,Withconqueringlimbsastridefromlandtoland；Hereatoursea-washed,sunsetgatesshallstandAmightywomanwithatorchwhoseflameIsimprisonedlightning,andhernameMotherofExiles.Fromherbeacon-handGlowsworld-widewelcome；hermildeyescommandTheair-bridgedharborthattwincities.Keepancientlandsyourstoriedpomp!criesshewithsilentlips.Givemeyourtiredyourpoor,Yourhuddledmassesyearningtobreathefree,Thewretchedrefuseofyourteemingshore.Sendthese,thehomeless,tempest-tossedtome,Iliftmylampbesidethegoldendoor!,不似希腊伟岸铜塑雕像拥有征服疆域的臂膀红霞落波之门你巍然屹立高举灯盏喷薄光芒您凝聚流光的名字放逐者之母把广袤大地照亮凝视中宽柔撒满长桥海港“扼守你们旷古虚华的土地与功勋吧！”她呼喊颤栗着缄默双唇：把你，那劳瘁贫贱的流民那向往自由呼吸，又被无情抛弃那拥挤于彼岸悲惨哀吟那骤雨暴风中翻覆的惊魂全都给我!我高举灯盏伫立金门!,译文,In1865,FrenchhistorianEdouarddeLaboulaye（普利策）proposedtheconstructionofmonuments（mnjmnt纪念碑，纪念塔）,sculptorBartholdy（巴尔托迪）supportiveofhim.Thenhetook10yearstocompletetheworksofstatue.In1876,FrenchpeoplepresentedtotheUnitedStatesas100thanniversaryoftheindependenceofpresent.法国雕塑家巴尔托迪，与古斯塔夫艾菲尔在巴黎制作，高耸的纪念碑。在1876年,法国人提交给美国独立100周年的礼物。,History,1869Designed1874Startedconstruction1884Complete1884.7.6Donated1886.10.28Built19841986Refitted（vt.改装）,Significance-Culturalsymbol,Formorethanacentury,standsontheislandinthefreedomofthestatueoflibertyhasbecometheunitednationandabronze（青铜brnz）statueofthesymboloffriendship,foreverexpressedtheAmericanpeoplefightfordemocracy（民主dmkrs）andlongingforfreedomlofty（崇高的）ideal.OntheshipsofthepassengersgoingintoNewYorkharbor（海港）canseethestatueoflibertystandupholdingtorch.ForthousandsofcamingtotheUnitedStatesimmigrants,thestatueoflibertywastogetridpovertyandoppression（压迫,压制prn）oftheoldworld.StatueoflibertyhasbecomeAmericassymbol.一个多世纪以来，耸立在自由岛上的自由女神铜像已成为美利坚民族和美法人民友谊的象征，永远表达着美国人民争取民主、向往自由的崇高理想。进入纽约港的船只上的乘客可以看见屹立的自由女神高举自由火炬。对成千上万个来美国的移民来说，自由女神是摆脱旧世界的贫困和压迫的保证，自由女神像成了美国的象征。,Thestatueoflibertyscopy,法国阿尔萨斯的自由女神像（Libertclairantlemonde）,地理坐标：48.10N，7.36E,法国巴黎的自由女神像（Libertclairantlemonde）地理坐标：48.85N，2.28E。，,美国拉斯维加斯自由女神像（TheStatueofLiberty）地理坐标：36.10N，115.17W,美国关岛的自由女神像（TheStatueofLiberty）地理坐标：13.48N，144.75E。,日本东京的自由女神像（TheStatueofLiberty）地理坐标：35.63N，139.77E,中国北京的自由女神像（TheStatueofLiberty）地理坐标：39.81N，116.28E。,中国深圳的自由女神像（TheStatueofLiberty）地理坐标：22.54N，113.96E,Barbiesayhellotoyou,Barbiesayhellotoyou,Tomostpeople,impressionofBarbiecomesfromtheUnitedStates.So,theywillthinkcreatorsofBarbiedollsareAmerican.Infact,BarbiespredecessorisGermanysBildLilli.DuringatriptoEuropein1956withherchildrenBarbaraandKenneth,RuthHandlercameacrossaGermantoydollcalledBildLilli.Theadult-figured（成人形象）dollwasexactlywhatHandlerhadinmind,soshepurchasedthreeofthem.,history,UponherreturntotheUnitedStates,Handlerreworkedthedesignofthedoll(withhelpfromengineerJackRyan)andthedollwasgivenanewname,Barbie,afterHandlersdaughterBarbara.Thedollmadeitsdebut（dbju首次露面;初次登台）attheAmericanInternationalToyFairinNewYorkonMarch9,1959.ThisdateisalsousedasBarbiesofficialbirthday.,In1961,inanadvertisementwhichwaslaunched(将.投放市场)byMattel,BarbiemetwithKen,whoisverypersonable.Sincethen,thetwodollswerelikepeasandcarrots,“barbieandKen(KenisthenameofRuthandElliotHandlersson,whoisBarbarasyoungerbrother.)”almostbecameaclassiclovepronoun（代名词）.,whydidBarbiebecome,asymboloftheUnitedStates,Since1958,BarbiesMotherofRuthHandlercreatedaBarbiebrand,theoriginalintention（意图）wastodesignadoll,theimageofanadultfemale,intothelivesofAmericangirls,asgirlsourgoodfriend,confidant,andevenlifeidols.Theconceptofsuchadoll,atthetimeoftheUnitedStatesthaneverbefore.,Ruthboldattempt,andfinallyexplorethemarketintwoyearsafterthevictory.Preconceivednotion（先入为主的观念）thatBarbiedollexaltedasthechiefspokespersonoftheUnitedStates,themajorityofherinspirationcomesfromwomeninAmericansociety,showingtheiridentity,occupation,accompaniedbytheiryoungagegrewupwith.,Inrecentyears,MattelhassoldawiderangeofBarbiedollsaimedspecificallyatcollectors,includingporcelain（瓷）versions,vintage（年代）reproductions,anddepictions（描述）ofBarbieasarangeofcharactersfromfilmandtelevisionseriessuchasTheMunstersandStarTrek.TherearealsocollectorseditiondollsdepictingBarbiedollswitharangeofdifferentethnic（种族的）identities.,movie,Symbolofpower,ElizabethanQueenVictorianQueenEgyptianQueen,PrincessoftheKoreanCourtIndiaBarbieOriental（东方的）,FrenchLadyGrecianGoddess,ChineseEmpress,HollywoodMovieStarCollection,MariainTheSoundofMusicScarlettOharaElizabethTaylorinFatheroftheBride,Character,WhitehairGoateebeardatophatwithredandwhitestripesandwhitestarsonabluebandredandwhitestripedtrousers.,HistoryofUncleSam,WhenSamWilsonwas14yearsoldheranawayfromhometojoinhisfatherandolderbrothersinthefighttoliberatetheAmericancoloniesfromtheBritishduringtheAmericanRevolution.Atage23,hestartedameat-packingbusinessandearnedareputationforbeinghonestandhard-working.,Duringalaterwarin1812,WilsongainedapositioninspectingmeatforUSArmyforces,workingwithamanwhohadsignedacontractwiththegovernmenttoprovidemeattothearmy.BarrelsofmeatsuppliedtothearmywerestampedEA-US,identifyingthecompany(EA)andthecountryoforigin(US).,Accordingtoonestory,whenagovernmentofficialvisitedtheplantandaskedabouttheletters,acreativeemployeetoldhimUSwasshortforUncleSam”,“山姆大叔”与“约翰牛”UncleSam是美国政府拟人化的称呼，汉译作“山姆大叔”。漫画里他总是以一个老人出现，身体瘦长，身穿燕尾服，头戴花旗高帽，下巴长着灰胡子。画家最喜欢用他来讽刺美国的对外政策。UncleSam这个绰号的起源，有以下几个说法。1812年左右，在纽约州特洛伊地区，军队的供应品上，都打上.S.（UnitedStates缩略）字样，人们将这缩略附会为UncleSam。UncleSam一词，就流行起来，这是说法之一。,也有人说，当时真的有一个名叫SamWilson的肉商，负责向军队提供物资，所以美军肉桶上印有.S.字样，就是的UncleSam简称。另有一说，UncleSam来自UnitedStates的写法。究竟孰真孰假，已无从查考了。山姆叔叔代表美国，代表英国的则是JohnBull，另一个更通俗传神的译名是约翰牛。“牛”在这里