公开课：完形填空解题技巧(公开课)

SkillsofClozeTests,完形填空解题技巧,一、中考英语完形填空的命题特点,中考英语完形填空旨在全面考查考生英语基础知识和综合运用语言的能力，其中包括词汇辨析能力、阅读理解能力、逻辑推理和判断能力等。它不仅要求考生具有扎实的基础知识，而且还要求考生具有独立分析、对比取舍及灵活处理问题的能力。完形填空的命题原则是“以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化”。实词中偏重于对动词和名词的考查，同时也兼顾对形容词、副词以及其它词类的考查。试题以情境意义选择为主，纯语法性选择近年已趋近于零。,广东高考完形填空题究竟考什么？怎么考？请看以下研究结果。,命题揭密,完型填空的特点：(1)首句不设空：因为首句是文章的窗口，不设空有助于考生了解或推测全文的大意，(2)选项特点：同一小题的四个选项必须是同一词类，且为同一语法形式。(3)设空方式：命题者主要从以下三种层面上设题。句子层面：在理解本句的基础上重要信息点可能在空格前，也可能在空格后。句组层面：考生需在理解空格所在句及其前一句或后一句之后才可选出正确答案。语篇层面：必须理解前后几句或上下段落，甚至整个篇章，才可选出正确答案。,轻语法，重逻辑,Howtogethighscores？,1.正确的答题步骤2.必要的答题技巧3.适量的实践训练,1.注重首句，浏览全文,掌握大意。a.应用阅读技能,进行缺词阅读.b.注意首段和末端以及每个段落的首句.2.注重语境，瞻前顾后,试填答案。a.先填上固定搭配与习惯表达,基本句型等较容易的空格.b.对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲,力争突破难点.3.通读全文,检查核对.确保最佳。,解题步骤与策略,hospital,night,no/little,Warming-up:请根据前后文填词，使句子逻辑一致,1.MrBlackisadoctor,heworksinthe_.2.Anursenotonlyworksintheday,butalsoworksduringthe_.3.Heisratherbusy,sohehas_timetohavelunchathome.,4.WehaveanEnglishtestthisterm,itsveryeasy,moststudentscan_thistest.5.Thewholeclasswenttothezooyesterday,theywereverytired_happy.,pass,but,Warming-up:请根据前后文填词，使句子逻辑一致,有没有什么技巧呢?,InNewYork,onaFridaynight,ayoungartiststoodatthegateofatrainstation.Hewasplayinghis_1_.Hismusicwassogreatthatmanypeopleputmoneyintohishat.Thenextday,theyoungartistcametothesameplace,andplayedtheviolinasusual.,1.A.pianoB.guitarC.violinD.sax,violin,violin,Skill1：context（上下文、语境）,Onceakingwaswalkingaroundapoolwithhisministers（大臣）.Suddenly,hecameupwithanidea.Heasked,“Howmanybasketsof2arethereinthepool?”.asbigasthepool,thereisonebasketofwater,2.A.fishB.flowersC.waterD.apples,basketofwater,water,basketsof,Whenwetalked,Idiscovered（发现）somedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.Itisalittle_3_thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhaveforty-fiveminutesineachclass.,3.A.shorterB.longerC.earlierD.later,fifty,forty-five,Skill2：logic（逻辑推理）,Mymotheroftenaskedme，“Whatisthemostimportantpartofthebody?”Ithoughtsoundwasveryimportanttousashumans，soIsaid“My4，Mommy”Shesaid，“NoManypeoplearedeaf（聋的）,4.A.earsB.eyesC.bodyD.head,sound,deaf,Whentwopeopleareinaconversation,thespeakerwillonlylookatthelistenerfromtimetotime,inordertomakesurethatthelistenerpaysattention5whatheorsheisspeaking,5.A.forB.ofC.withD.to,paysattention,to,Skill3：regularcollocation（固定搭配）,payattentionto注意,Skill4：wordsanalysis（词义辨析）,6.Butbyusingliterarytexts(文学文本)alongsideothertexts,teacherscan6studentsimprovetheirreadingskills.,6.A.wantB.helpC.getD.ask,Skill5：backgroundknowledge（背景知识:包括生活及文化方面的）,Butwerunsofastthat,afterwards,wehadtrouble7.,7.A.speakingB.movingC.sleepingD.breathing,runsofast,1、context（上下文、语境）,3、regularcollocation（固定搭配）,2、logic（逻辑）,SkillsofClozeTests(完形填空的解题技巧),4、wordsanalysis（词义辨析）,5、backgroundknowledge（背景知识）,1.MartinLutherKingwasanimportant1ofblackpeopleinAmerican.Hebelievedthatblackpeopleandwhitepeopleshouldhaveequalrights.In1963,DrKingledamarchinWashingtonD.C.AlotofAmericanswenttheretotakepartinthe2.Theywantedthegovernmentto3thelawsthatwereunfairtoblackpeople.DrKingbelievedingainingequalrightsforallpeoplethroughpeaceandnotforce.Whenhewaskilledin1968,theUnitedStates4agreatleader.1)A.runnerB.singerC.leaderD.teacher2)A.crowdB.warC.groupD.march3)A.signBsellC.passD.change4)A.lostB.foundC.boughtD.died,leader,march,thatwereunfairto,waskilled,Tesswaseightyearsoldwhenherparentstalkingaboutherlittlebrother,Andrew.Allsheknewwasthathewasverysickandtheyhadnomoney.Onlyaverycostly1couldsavehimnowandnoonewantedto2themthemoney.SheheardDaddysaytoherMother3,“Onlyamiracle(奇迹)cansavehimnow.”Tessgotallthechangeshehadand4herwaytothedrugstore.,A.surgeonB.companionC.protectionD.operation2.A.borrowB.lendC.makeD.leave3.A.happilyB.proudlyC.angrilyD.sadly4.A.madeB.tookC.sailedD.passed,makeoneswayto朝走去,5.A.doubtfulB.badC.puzzlingD.unlucky6.A.buyB.purchaseC.sellD.share7.A.lookedB.ranC.cameD.rolled,“Whatdoyouwant?”theclerkasked.“Amiracle.”Tessanswered.“Mylittlebrotherhassomething5growinginsidehisheadandmydadsaysonlyamiraclecansavehimnow.”“Wedont6miracleshere,littlegirl.”Theclerksaid.Theclerksbrotherwasawell-dressedman.He7overandaskedthelittlegirl,“Whatkindofmiracledoesyourbrotherneed?”,comeover走近，走过来lookover仔细检查runover撞倒，跑过去rollover翻滚；翻身,8.A.repliedB.allowedC.acceptedD.expected9.A.tiredB.deafC.nervousD.sick10.A.waitB.begC.payD.apply11.A.highB.lowC.loudD.excited,“Idontknow,”Tess8withtearsinhereyes.“Ijustknowhesreally9,butmydadcant10foramiracle,soIwanttousemyonedollarandelevencents”.Tessansweredina11voice.,12.A.exactB.sameC.properD.reasonable13.A.spendingB.wasteC.chargeD.tip14.A.achievementB.successC.medicineD.miracle15.A.devotionB.faithC.trustD.patience,“Adollarandelevencents-the12priceofamiracleforalittlebrother.”smiledtheman.Thatwell-dressedmanwasDr.CarltonArmstrong,asurgeon.Theoperationwascompletedwithout13anditwasntlongbeforeAndrewwashomeagainanddoingwell.Thatsurgeryisareal14.Itcostsonedollarandelevencents,plus(加上）the15ofalittlechild.,Summary（总结）,2_theanswersaccordingtothepassageisagoodwaytodoacloze.,Guessing,1Youshould_thepassage,thenyoumayfindtheanswerisjustinthepassage.,readthrough,3:Chosethebestanswers.,具体解题步骤,1、抓住首尾，了解短文,2、通读全文，把握脉络,3、瞻前顾后，上下求索,4、再读文章，核查答案,勾划、研读首句尾句以及有中文注释的单词,打开答题窗口,了解全文。,跳过空格，速读全文，把握大意。注意文中的语篇标志，和句中的连词,捕捉关键词汇。,前后联系，先易后难。运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，划出语篇标志，找准关键词、定位词。,代入答案，再读全文，反复检查争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。,少于1分钟,约5分钟,约2分钟,约2分钟,信息常识，上下呼应，搭配遣词，逻辑贯通,文中无闲句，句中无闲字,特别提