一般过去时精讲ppt.ppt

Lesson3,一、一般过去时之概述,1.定义：(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态-与表示过去的时间状语连用我昨天7点起床。Igotupat7:00yesterday.我爸爸昨天下午在工作。Myfatherwasatworkyesterdayafternoon.(2)也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作-与表示频度的时间状语和表示过去的时间状语连用。他去年总是坐公交去上班。Healwayswenttoworkbybuslastyear.,我上学时每周去看一场电影。IwenttothecinemaonceaweekwhenIwasatschool.我在乡下时经常在河边散步。(contryside,riverside)WhenIwasinthecountryside,Ioftenwalkedbytheriverside.,2.表过去的时间状语：yesterday,lastnight,threedaysago,oneday,thatwinter,in1990等3.频度副词：oftenalwaysonceaweek等,last,timenightMondayweekmonthterm,yesterday,morningafternoonevening,thedaybeforeyesterday,1.与last连用,2.与yesterday连用：,用于一般过去时的时间状语,3.与ago连用：amomenttwominutesthreehoursfivedaysoneweeksixmonthsfouryears,ago,4.与one连用：,one,morningafternooneveningdayMondayafternoon,5.与that连用：,that,atthattimemorningdaywinteryear,6.与in连用：in1980inthosedaysintheolddays,(1)刚刚justnow；(2)前几天theotherday；(IsawhiminParistheotherday.)(3)从前onceuponatime(4)很久很久以前longlongago,7.其他时间状语：,二、一般过去时之谓语变化,所有时态都是通过动词变化来表现的,E.g.Youareright.一般现在时Iwanttogotoschool.Wearedoingourhouseworknow.现在进行时Thebusisleavingat8:00.,be动词(was,were)助动词(did)主语+谓语情态动词(could,might)实义动词(worked,played)例如：Theywerehappy.Didyouplaybaseballyesterday?Icoulddoit.Heworkedhere.,一般过去时的谓语,1、一般词尾加-ed。staystayedhelp-helpedask-askedlooklooked2、e结尾的只加-d。hopehopedlove-loveddance-dancedlivelived,规则动词过去式的构成,3、最后三个字母辅元辅音，先双写，然后才能加-ed。stopstoppedplan(计划)planneddrop-droppedbeg-begged4、“辅音字母+y”尾，y改为i,再加-ed。carry-carriedstudy-studied,巧记不规则动词过去式keepkept，feelfelt，sleepslept，sweepswept1.ee:中间去e，末尾加t如：buildbuilt，lendlent，sendsent，spendspent2.结尾d变t如：ringrang，sitsat，drinkdrank，singsang，swimswam，beginbegan，givegave3.遇见i改为a如：,riderode，drivedrove，writewrote4.“骑(马)”“开(车)”“写(字)”把i变o如：thinkthought，buybought，bringbrought，fightfought5.“想”“买”“带来”“打仗”ought换上teachtaught，catchcaught6.“教书”“抓住”aught切莫忘如：knowknew，growgrew，throwthrew，drawdrew7.ow/aw改为ew是新时尚如：putput，letlet，readread/red8.“放”“让”“读”过去式与原形一样如：,写出下列动词的过去式：,runborrowgrowwatchwritesmileopenbeginswimcarrystudyfinish,uselivewakekeepsaycleanbuyplaylearnseereadstop,gothinkbehappengivebecomegetrainstaypassanswer,wentthoughtwas/werehappenedgavebecamegotrainedstayedpassedanswered,usedlivedwokekeptsaidcleanedboughtplayedlearnt/edsawreadstopped,ranborrowedgrewwatchedwrotesmiledopenedbeganswamcarriedstudiedfinished,三、能力提高之双宾语,1.双宾动词Helentabooktome.动词+直宾+介词+间宾Helentmeabook.动词+间宾+直宾me:指人，做间接宾语，简称“人间”abook:指物，做直接宾语，简称“物直”,双宾动词归类（to）借给某人某物1.lendsbsth=lendsthtosb寄给某人某物2.sendsbsth=sendsthtosb递给某人某物3.passsbsth=passsthtosb付给某人某物4.paysbsth=paysthtosb交给某人某物5.handsbsth=handsthtosb,带给某人某物6.bringsbsth=bringsthtosb将某物给某人看7.showsbsth=showsthtosb答应某人某事8.promisesbsth=promisesthtosb给某人某物9.givesbsth=givesthtosb教给某人某事10.teachsbsth=teachsthtosb,提供给某人某物11.offersbsth=offersthtosb读某物给某人听12.readsbsth=readsthtosb欠某人某物13.owesbsth=owesthtosb卖给某人某物14.sellsbsth=sellsthtosb留给某人某物15.leavesbsth=leavesthtosb,双宾动词归类（for）给某人买某物1.buysbsth=buysthforsb给某人做某物2.makesbsth=makesthforsb给某人找某物3.findsbsth=findsthforsb帮某人一个大忙4.dosbabigfavour=doabigfavourforsb为某人点某物5.ordersbsth=ordersthforsb介词区别：to:表示动作对什么人而做。for:表示动作为什么人而做。,练习,用另外一种方式改写下列句子1.Canyoulendmeapen?_?2.Sheboughtanewskirtforherdaughter._,三、能力提高之幽默笑话,TheMeanMansParty,Ameanmanfinallydecidedtohaveaparty.Explainingtoafriendhowtofindhisapartment,hesaid,Comeuptothefifthfloorandringthedoorbellwithyourelbow.Whenthedooropen,pushwithyourfoot.,Whyusemyelbowandfoot?Well,gosh,repliedthemeanman,Yourenotcomingempty-handed,areyou?,吝啬鬼请客TheMeanMansParty,一个吝啬鬼终于决定要请客了。Ameanmanfinallydecidedtohaveaparty.向一个朋友解释怎么找到他的公寓时，他说：“你上到五楼中间那户，然后用你的胳膊肘按门铃。门开了之后，再用你的脚把门推开。”Explainingtoafriendhowtofindhisapartment,hesaid,Comeupto5Mandringthedoorbellwithyourelbow.Whenthedooropen,pushwithyourfoot.,“为什么要用我的肘和脚呢？”Whyusemyelbowandfoot?“你的双手得拿礼物啊。天哪，你总不会空着手来吧？”吝啬鬼回答。Well,gosh,repliedthemeanman,Yourenotcomingempty-handed,areyou?,1.“Whydo.?”与“Whynotdo.?”都是常用句式。2.“.,”repliedthemeanman,“.?/.”“.”saidthemeanman.saidsb倒装,可放在所说的话的中间或后面.3.Yourenotcomingempty-handed,areyou?反义疑问句-前否后肯，前肯后否。arecoming现在进行表将来empty-handed副词空手地，方式状语,Exercises,I.改错题HowisJaneyesterday?_Hegetstoschoolatsixyesterday._Heoftengoeshomeat6:00lastmonth._Icanflykitessevenyearsago._Didyousawhimjustnow?_TomwasntwatchTVlastnight._Ididmyhomeworklater._Hewaitforyouthreehoursago._Whofinditjustnow?_,was,got,went,could,see,didnt,willdo(amgoingtodo),waited,found,四、能力提高之经典辨析,经典辨析,【suggest】:suggestionIsuggestridingthere.Thedoctorsuggestedthatheshouldgiveupsmoking.1、suggestdoingsth.2、suggest+宾语从句（从句谓语动词：should+动词原形）【advise】:adviceIadviseridingthere.Thedoctoradvisedhetogiveupsmoking.1、advisedoingsth2、advisesbtodosth【persuade】:persuadesbtodosth.说服某人做某事（对方听从了劝说）,一般过去时句式变换,1.肯定句：主语+行为动词过去式be动词过去式(was/were)e.g.Weplayedfootballyesterday.Iwasintheofficelastnight.Hecouldntswim10yearsago.2.否定句didnot/didnt+行为动词原形wasnot/wasnt+其他成分werenot/werent+其他成分e.g.Iwasnotintheofficelastnight.IdidntsingasongatKangkangsparty.Ididntplayvideogames.,3.一般疑问句did+主语+行为动词原形was/were+主语+其他成分eg.-Didyougoshoppingyesterday?-Yes,Idid./No,Ididnt.-Wasshe15yearsoldlastyear?4.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+did+主语+行为动词原形特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其他成分eg.-Didyougoshoppingyesterday?Whenandwherewereyouborn?,用括号里动词的适当形式填空。1.He_(read)thatbooklastweek.2.Lastnighthe_(arrive)justintimefortheshow.3.Mary_(marry)Thomasyesterday.4.Tom_(show)uswheretositatthemeetingyesterday.5.Lastsummerwe_(visit)UncleJack.6.It_(rain)almosteverydaylastmonth.7.John_(like)toplaypianowhenhewasinsecondaryschool.8.Betty_(work)hardalllastyear.9.We_(change)thecolorofouruniformslastChristmas.10.LastyearFrances_(buy)hermotheraprettywatchforherbirthday.,read,arrived,married,showed,visited,rained,liked,worked,changed,bought,11.They_(notwatch)TVjustnow.12.They_(carry)waterforGrandpaLiuthreedaysago.13.MikeandJack_(make)themodelplanelastmonth.14._yourfriends_(have)agoodtimeintheparkthatday?15.Myfather_(go)toBeijingaweekago.16._Mary_(study)attheNo.1MiddleSchooltheyearbeforelast?17.Hisparents_(notgo)outforawalkaftersupperyesterday.18.Where_(be)MeiFanglastnight?,didntwatch,carried,made,Did,have,went,Did,study,didntgo,was,用括号内所给动词的一般过去时填空：I_(have)agooddayatworktoday.Themeeting_(go)wellthismorning.Bob_(notbe)there.He_(oversleep)becausehe_(nothear)thealarm.Lunch_(be)terrible.We_(try)thenewFrenchrestaurantinthetowncenter.Thefood_(taste)awful.ThisafternoonI_(phone)BillinAmerica.He_(tell)mewevegotanewcontractthere.It_(be)anawfuldrivehome.Thetraffic_(be)terrible.,had,went,wasnot,overslept,didnthear,was,tried,tasted,phoned,told,was,was,I.改错题HowisJaneyesterday?_Hegetstoschoolatsixyesterday._Heoftengoeshomeat6:00lastmonth._Icanflykitessevenyearsago._Didyousawhimjustnow._TomwasntwatchTVlastnight._Ididmyhomeworklater._Hewaitforyouthreehoursago._Whofinditjustnow?_,was,got,went,could,see,didnt,willdo(amgoingtodo),waited,found,根据要求改写下列句子。1.Theyhadameetingyesterday.(改为一般疑问句)2.MrsBlackdoessomecleaningeverySunday.(改为一般疑问句)3.Imgoingtoturnontheradio.(改为否定句)4.TherewerenoclasseslastSaturdayafternoon.(改为反意疑问句)5.Thosestudentsdidtheirbest.(改为否定句)6.ItwasNovember10ththedaybeforeyesterday.（向划线部分提问）7.MybrotherwenttoShanghaithreedaysago.（向划线部分提问）8.TheyaregoingtovisittheSummerPalace.（向划线部分提问）,Didtheyhaveameetingyesterday?,DoesMrsBlackdosomecleaningeverySunday?,Imnotgoingtoturnontheradio.,TherewerenoclasseslastSaturdayafternoon,werethere?,Thosestudentsdidntdotheirbest.,Whatwasthedatethedaybeforeyesterday?,WhendidyourbrothergotoShanghai?,Whataretheygoingtodo?,III.句型转换TheycametoChinain1990.(变一般疑问句)_they_toChinain1990?2.Iwasillfortwodayslastweek?(同上)_youillfortwodayslastweek?3.Thetwinsgotoschoolonfooteveryday.(同上)_thetwins_toschoolonfooteveryday?4.ShewashedtheclotheslastSunday.(变否定句)She_theclotheslastSunday,Did,come,Were,Do,go,didnt,was