宾语从句讲解ppt课件

宾语从句,Grammar,1,Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.,主语,谓语,宾语,（简单句）,主语,谓语,宾语从句,引导词,从句主语,从句谓语,主句,（复合句）,2,宾语可以放在及物动词，形容词sorry,sure,afraid,glad等，介词(worryabout,thinkabout,findout等)后,Imsorry(that)Idontknow.Weresure(that)ourteamwillwin.Imafraid(that)Iwontpasstheexam.Theyfoundoutwhobrokethewindows.Imthinkingaboutwhocanwinthematch.,3,宾语从句1.定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。2.构成：主句+引导词+简单句（主语+谓语）3引导宾语从句的引导词有三类：(1)从属连词that。如：,4,一、引导词1.当宾语从句是由陈述句变化而来，由that引导，that在从句中不作任何成分，没有具体含义，可以省略。,Heisacleverboy.Ithink.,Ithink(that)heisacleverboy.,Doyouknow?ThefamoussingerwillcometoYantai.,DoyouknowthatthefamoussingerwillcometoYantai?,5,2.当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由whether或if引导，翻译成：“是否”，不能省略。语序为陈述语序。,Sheaskedmeif/whethertheboycoulddrawahorse.,Lilywantedtoknow.,Doeshergrandmalikethedog?,Lilywantedtoknowif/whetherhergrandmalikedthedog.,Sheaskedme.Cantheboydrawahorse?,6,if&whether“是否”引导宾语从句以下情况4种情况只用whether不用if,与不定式todo连用，只用whethertodoIdontknowwhethertostayathome.2.作介词的宾语Theoldmanisworriedaboutwhethertheycanfindoutthethief.,7,3.Whether引导的从句放在句首时Whetherwecanarrivethereontime,Iamnotsure.4.whether.ornot固定结构Idontknowwhetherhelikesthehouseornot.IwanttoknowwhetherwecangoskatingonSaturdayoronSunday.,8,Couldyoutellmewhetherthatsafasttrainornot?Doyouknowwhetherheisrightornot?Idontcarewhetherhellstayhereornot.,9,3.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由疑问代词代词（what,who,whom,which,whose）或疑问副词（when,where,how,why）引导，这些疑问词本身在从句中做一定成分不可以省略，语序用陈述语序。,Whatdoyouwanttosay?,Icanthink.,Icanthinkwhatyouwanttosay.,Idontremember.Whendidtheyarrive?,Idontrememberwhenwearrived.,10,Doyouknowwhentheplanewillleave?,Iaskedhim.HowcanIgetsomuchmoney?,IaskedhimhowIcouldgetsomuchmoney.,Doyouknow?Whenwilltheplaneleave?,11,下列句子改为宾语从句时语序不变。,Whatsthematter?Whatswrong?Whathappenedtoyou?Whatshappening?WhoteachesyouEnglish?,12,4.带how的词组howmany,howmuch,howsoon,howlong,howoften等也都可以引导宾语从句,Couldyoutellushowoftenyougotoseeyourgrandma?,Couldyoutellushowlongthemeetingwilllast?,Idontknowhowfaritistothecinema.,Pleasetellushowmanystudentsthereareinyourschool?,Canyoutellushowoldhisbrotheris?,Pleasetellushowsoonyouwillcomeback!,Couldyoutellushowmuchthepicturecosts?,13,二、时态如果主句是一般现在时，一般将来时，祈使句时，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。,Iknowheliveshere.Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.Iknowthathewillcometomorrow.,14,2.如果主句是过去时，从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时）,Iknewwholivedhere.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.,15,3.当从句是客观真理，自然现象，谚语，名言警句时用一般现在时。,Theteachersaidthatthesuntravelsaroundtheearth.,Theteachersaidthatthereare7daysaweek.,Hetoldmethatlighttravelsfasterthansound.,16,三：宾语从句的语序(陈述语序)：主句+引导词+主语+谓语宾语从句,17,1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.,2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?Idontknowwhathewantstobuy.Idontknowwhatdoeshewanttobuy.,3.Whoarewegoingtomeet?Canyoutellmewhowearegoingtomeet?Canyoutellmewhoarewegoingtomeet?,18,四、标点,宾语从句的标点由主句决定。主句标点是句号，则整个句子句末的标点是句号。主句的标点是问号，则整句话的标点是问号。,Doyouknowwhentheplanewillleave?,Doyouknow?Whenwilltheplaneleave?,HeasksifIlikeplayingthepiano.,19,五.人称,IwillgotoShanghai.Shesays.Momaskedme.Areyouhappy?Theteacherasked.WhenwillXiaoleicomeback？,ShesaysthatshewillgotoShanghai.,MomaskedmeifIwashappy.,TheteacheraskedwhenXiaoleiwouldcomeback.,（一主，二宾，三不变。）,20,变宾语从句四步骤：,确定引导词改变人称调整语序，时态标点符号,21,宾语从句注意事项,22,当宾语从句是由祈使句转换来时，通常把sayto变为tellsb.todo或asksb.todo.否定祈使句则变为tellsb.nottodo或asksb.nottodo,Theteachersaidtous.Keepquiet!Momsaid.Dontbelate!,Theteacheraskedustokeepquiet.,Momaskedusnottobelate.,23,1Could/Wouldyouplease.是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。,Couldyoutellme?Wherewecango?Couldyoutellme?WhichonedoIhavetochoose?Wouldyouliketoknow?Whenwillhecomeback?,24,2.否定前移Ithink/believe等动词后的宾语从句如果是否定，要将not移到主句的谓语动词上,Hewontcomehere.Ithink.2.Ibelieve.Hewasntathief.,Idontthinkhewillcomehere.,Idontthinkhewillcomehere,willhe?,Idontbelievehewasathief.,Idontbelievehewasathief,washe?,25,3.宾语从句的特殊语序,主句是Doyouthink/believe/suppose.宾语从句是由特殊疑问词引导的，要用：疑问词+doyouthink/believe/suppose+陈述语序,26,1).Whathappenedtohim?Doyouthink?2).Doyouthink?WhatSallywillbein10years?3).Doyouthink?Whocanhelpyou?,Whatdoyouthinkhappenedtohim?,WhatdoyouthinkSallywillbein10years?,Whodoyouthinkistheclevereststudent?,27,4.宾语从句的简化（宾语从句转化为简单句）,28,（1）当hope，decide,agree等后面有宾语从句时，如果两个主语一致，可以简化为hopetodo,decidetodo,agreetodo,Momhopesthatshecancomebacksoon.TheydecidedthattheywouldvisitXiamen.HeagreesthathecanhelpJohnwithChinese.,Momhopestocomebacksoon.,TheydecidedtovisitXiamen.,HeagreestohelpJohnwithChinese.,29,(2)teach,tell,show+疑问词+宾语从句从句的主语与主句的宾语一致可简化为疑问词+todo,Canyoutellme?HowcanIgettotheairport?Couldyouteachme?HowcanIusethemachine?Canyoutellme?WhatShouldIdo?,Canyoutellmehowtogettotheairport?,Couldyouteachhowtousethemachine?,Canyoutellmewhattodo?,30,疑问词+宾语从句疑问词词+todo,IdontknowwhatIshoulddonext.Idontknowwhattodonext.Shedidntdecidewhichoneshewouldchoose.Shedidntdecidewhichonetochoose.IwonderifIwillleaveforShanghai.IwonderwhethertoleaveforShanghai.,31,5.Ifind/think/feel+it+形容词+todo.Ifind/think/feel+it+形容词+that从句.,Ifinditinterestingtoplaywithhim.(改为复合句)Ithoughtiteasytoworkouttheproblem.,Ifinditisinterestingtoplaywithhim.,Ithoughtitwaseasytoworkouttheproblem.,32,Sb.seemtodo=Itseemsthatsb.doSb.seemedtodo=Itseemedthatsb.did,Heseemstotellalie.Itseemedthathewastired.,Itseemsthathetellsalie.,Heseemedtobetired.,6.,33,(1)Doyouknowif_backnextweek?Ifhe_back,pleaseletmeknow.A.hecomes,willcomeB.willhecome,comesC.hewillcome,comesD.hewillcome,willcome,6.连词if和when在不同从句中的区别：,C,(2)Idontknowwhenhe_(come).Icantwaithereanymore.Whenhe_(come),wouldyoupleaseaskhimtocallme?,willcome,comes,34,if如果，条件状语；when当.时，时间状语无将来（主将从现）if是否，when何时宾语从句各种时态有,35,1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotherasks,2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?Ididntknow,3.Whoarewegoingtomeet?Canyoutellme,whenhewillgotothelibrary.,whathewantedtobuy.,whowearegoingtomeet?,36,Whendoesthetrainarrive?Pleasetellme.Pleasetellme_.2.Whatdoeshedo?Doyouknow?Doyouknow_he_?3.Dotheywantfriedchicken?Heaskedtheboys.Heaskedtheboys_they_friedchicken.4.WasthewatchmadeinShanghai?Idontknow.Idontknow_thewatch_madeinShanghai.,37,1.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.Wedontknow_theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteac