Lions and Tigers and Bears_综合英语.ppt

2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,1,LessonTwelve,LionsandTigersandBearsByBillBuford,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,2,TeachingContents,I.IntroductionII.AnalysistotheTextStructureIII.LanguagePointsIV.InteractionV.WrittenHomework,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,3,1.Introduction,1.Introductiontotheauthtor2.IntroductiontotheBackground3.IntroductiontotheText4.Pre-classQuestions,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,4,1.IntroductionththeAuthor,BillBuford(1950)isastaffwriterforTheNewYorker,wherehewasthefictioneditorforeightyears.HewasthefoundingeditorofGrantamagazineandwasalsothepublisherofGrantaBooks.Hispreviousbook,AmongtheThugs,isanonfictionaccountofcrowdviolenceandBritishsoccerhooliganism.Hewasgenerallyconsideredoneofthebestfictioneditorsthemagazinehadeverknown.In2001,hewassenttoEuropetobecomethemagazinesspecialcorrespondent.HelivesinNewYorkCitywithhiswife,JessicaGreen,andtheirtwosons.,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,5,2.IntroductiontotheBackground,*CentralParkCentralParkwasbuiltin1857,thiswell-knownparkis,asthenamesuggests,locatedinthecenteroftheManhattanIsland,NewYork.Itextendsfrom59thStreetto110thStreetbetweenFifthandEighthAvenues.Itcoversanareaof840acres.Itistwoandone-halfmileslong,ahalfmilewide,andalmostonesixthofits840sareinlakesandthelargereceivingreservoiroftheNewYorkCitywater-system.Thereare35milesofwalks,104/1milesroadandfiveandone-halfmilesofbridle.,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,6,CentralParkBackground,CentralPark,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,7,2.IntroductiontotheBackground,CentralPark,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,8,2.IntroductiontotheBackgroundOgdenNash,OgdenNash:BornonAugust19,1902inRye,NewYork.Anancestor,GeneralFrancisNash,gavehisnametoNashville,Tennesee.RaisedinRye,NewYorkandSavannah,Georgia.EducatedatSt.GeorgesSchoolinRhodeIslandand,briefly,HarvardUniversity.StartedworkwritingadvertisingcopyforDoubleday,PagePublishing,NewYork,in1925.Publishedfirstbookforchildren,TheCricketofCaradonin1925.FirstpublishedpoemSpringComestoMurrayHillappearsinNewYorkermagazinein1930.JoinsstaffatNewYorkerin1932.MarriedFrancesRiderLeonardonJune6,1933.Published19booksofpoetry.Collaborated,in1943,inthemusicalcomedy,OneTouchofVenus.ElectedtotheNationalInstituteofArtsandLettersin1950.LivedinNewYorkbuthisprincipalhomewasinBaltimore,Maryland,wherehediedonMay19,1971.HewasburiedinNorthHampton,NewHampshire.,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,9,2.IntroductiontotheBackground*DanielBoone,DanielBoonewasbornNovember2,1734inalogcabininBerksCounty,nearpresent-dayReading,Pennsylvania.BooneisoneofthemostfamouspioneersinUnitedStateshistory.HespentmostofhislifeexploringandsettlingtheAmericanfrontier.DanielBoonediedonSeptember26,1820attheageof85.In1845theremainsofBooneandhiswifeweremovedtoKentuckytorestinthegreatpioneershuntersparadise.,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,10,3.IntroductiontotheText,Theauthorbeginsbyalluding,throughOgdanNashpoem,tothefearCentralParkinspires.ItispreciselythisfearthatpromptedhisadventureofspendinganightaloneinthePark.HisfirsthourintheParkisanexhilaratingexperienceofthesummertimeShakespeareattheDelacorteTheatrewithapolicecarinview.Therelaxedmood,however,issoonreplacedbyasenseoffearwhenhefindshimselflostamongthevegetationandfollowedbyasoundgettingthreateninglylouder.Hequickenshisstepsandthenbeginstorun.Heturnsfranticallyrightandleftandthehorrorbecomesalmostunbearablewhen,tohissuddenreliefthecityappearsagain,andheregainshisbearings.Butthisreassuranceisshort-lived.Sittingonarockinthelake,heinvoluntarilyrecallsthebloodymurderthatoncehappenedinthatveryplace,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,11,3.IntroductiontotheText,ButfearisnotalltheParkarouses.TheauthorsnightintheParkisnodoubtalsoanaestheticexperience.Togetherwiththeauthor,readersrelivethedramatichistoryoftheParkanddelightedlylookatitsarchitecturalbeauties.BynowtheauthorsambivalenceperhapsmakesclearNewYorkersattitudetothePark.OntheonehandthereisthisloveandprideonehasfortheculturalrichnessandthebeautytheParkoffers;andontheother,thecrimeandfeartheyassociatewiththePark.Thepassagecontinuesonthesetwothemes.Throughtheauthorsencounterwiththecoupleandthehumorousportrayalofthelattershystericalreactiontohisfriendlygreetings,hefindsthatheisnotonlyconstantlyfrightened,butisalsofrightening.ThedarknessofthenightinCentralParkhasputeverybodyinfear.,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,12,3.IntroductiontotheText,Theauthorsthoughtsthenagainwanderintothepast,recollectinghowtheParkchangedfromthedomainoftheprivilegedtoanefficientpublicparkforthecommonpeopleinthe1930s,andhow,totheoriginalEnglishandFrench-stylearchitecture,wasaddedsomethingunapologeticallyAmerican;neitherromanticnorclassical,butfunctionalandefficient.ThesealterationsinawayreflectthechangesinAmericansociety.Theauthorsadventureinthepark,however,isnotallthatgloomy.Whatfollowsisadescriptionofhisaestheticexperience.ThecityofNewYork,althoughartificialandwasteful,isviewedfromtheelevationofthepark,glaringlybeautiful.TheintensityofthisadventurereachesitspeakinthelastepisodewhentheauthorfinallyfindsaplacetosleepintheNorthWoods.Suddenlyhehearswoodcracking,snappingandtearingamongthetrees,followedbyheavybreathing.Buttohisgreatrelief,thesoundscomefromthreeraccoons!Theauthorinhishumorousveinimaginestheraccoonspsychologyandspeakstothemgood-humoredlyuntilonebeginstourinateonhimandthesummerrainalsobeginstofall.Theauthorsadventurefinallycomestoahappyendwhenhefallsasleepandwakesuptoseethepeaceandbeautyofdawnintheparkandthechirpingofbirds.,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,13,4.Pre-classQuestions,1)Whydoyouthinktheauthorwrotethisessay?2)WhyisitthatordinarypeopledontwanderaroundCentralParkatnight?3)Howdoestheessayend?Doyoufindtheendinginteresting?Whatkindofeffectdidtheauthorwanttocreatebydescribingtheraccoons?,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,14,II.AnalysisoftheTextStructure,1.TopicSentence2.Outline(paragraphs)3.WritingTechniqueA.StyleB.RhetoricalDevicesC.Tone,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,15,1.TopicSentence,TheauthordescribeshisastonishingexperiencewithoutdangerintheParkbyhisdistinctiveartfulwayofcombininghistravelwitheverythinghehasread,heard,observedandundergoneinconnectionwiththeplace.:hismovementsinCentralPark,theeventsandfamouspeopleassociatedwithhishistory,thebeautyofNewYorkatnightseenfromitsheart,thecrimetheParkhaswitnessedandthefearithasinspired.,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,16,2.Outline(paragraphs),PartOne:(para.1-2)TheauthorintroduceswhyordinarypeopleareafraidtogototheCentralParkatnight.PartTwo(para.3-11)PartThree:(para.12-25),2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,17,3.WritingTecnique,A.StyleB.RhetoricalDevices1)Onomatopoeia2)EuphemismC.Tone:Humorous,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,18,III.LanguagePoints,1.Word-building2.NewWords3.IdiomaticExpressions4.DetailedDiscussionoftheText5.ExplanationofLanguagePoints6.Grammar,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,19,*Word-building,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,20,2.*NewWords,rucksack,appeal,nocturnal,stock,obliterate,compulsive,heart,secluded,diamond,contrived,staggering,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,21,3.IdiomaticExpressions,1)nottomention2)tomakefor3)inonerespect4)inview5)tostayawayfrom6)topeekthrough7)togetyourbearings8)withtimeononeshands,9)ononesown10)topatontheback11)atitsmostpopular12)toputin,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,22,4.DetailedDiscussionoftheText,1and,havingstuffedmysmallrucksackwith（para.1）2.Iarrivedoneheavy,muggyFridayeveninginJulytodojustthat:（para.1）3.Ofcourse,anybodywhoknowsanythingaboutNewYorkknowsthecitysessentialplatitudethatyoudontwanderinCentralParkatnightandinthat,needlesstosay,wastheappeal:itwasthethingyoudontdo(Para.1),2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,23,4.DetailedDiscussionoftheText,4.eversincetheParksfoundingcommissioners,nearlyahundredandfiftyyearsago,（para.1）5.IfyoushouldhappenafterdarktofindyourselfinCentralPark（Para.1）6.Evennow,wheneveryParkofficial,cityadministrator,andpoliceofficer（Para.2）7.Orapurse-snatcher,loon,prostitute,drugdealer,murderernottomentionbully,garoter,highwayrobber.（Para.2）,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,24,4.DetailedDiscussionoftheText,8.IarrivedatninefifteenandmadeforonlynocturnalspotIknew:theDelacorteTheater.(Para.3)9.andthiscouldhavebeenanoutdoorsummer-stockShakespeareproductionanywhereinAmerica,expectinonerespect.（Para.3）10apolicecarwasnowparkedconspicuouslyinview,itsrooflightslowlyrotating.（Para.3）,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,25,4.DetailedDiscussionoftheText,11.Sofar,sonormal,andthiscouldhavebeenanoutdoorsummer-stockShakespeareproductionanywhereinAmerica,exceptinonerespect.(Para.3)12.therotatingredlightwaslikeacampfireinthewild,warmingwhatsouttheretostayaway.(Para.3)13.reassuredbythelights,thelaughter.thelinesofShakespearethatdriftedoutintothesummernight.(Para.4),2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,26,4.DetailedDiscussionoftheText,14.climbingthestepsofBelvedereCastleallalone,peekingthroughthewindowsoftheHenryLuceNatureObservatory（Para.4）15.ImintheParklessthananhourandalreadyImlost,onanunlightedpath,facinganunknownthingshakingthreateninglyinthebushes,(Para.5)16.AndIbolted,notrunning,exactly,butnolongerstrollingandcertainlynotlookingbackturningleft,turningright,allsenseofdirectionobliterated(Para.5),2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,27,4.DetailedDiscussionoftheText,17.allsenseofdirectionofdirectionobliterated（Para.5）18.WhenIfinallyrealizedwhereIwas-intheRamble（Para.5）19.AsIreturnedleftagain,Isawthelake（Para.5）20.Faroutinthelake,therewasalight.（Para.6）21.Igotmybearings.(Para.6),2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,28,4.DetailedDiscussionoftheText,22.ThefarsideofthelakemustbenearStrawberryFields,aroundSeventy-second.（Para.6）23.-adetailthatIvecompulsivelyreviewedinmymindsinceIfirstheardit.（Para.6）24.Andthenhiskillers,withtimeontheirhandsandnowitnesses,justwenthome.（Para.6）,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,29,4.DetailedDiscussionoftheText,25.Oneofthefirsteventsintheparktookplace140yearsagoalmosttotheday:abandconcert.Theconcertpointedly,washeldonaSaturday,stillaworkingday,becausetheconcert,likemuchoftheParkthen,wasdesignedtokeepthecitystougherelementsout.(Para.7)26.TheParkatnightmusthaveseemedluxuriousandsecludedagianteveninggardenparty.Theparkwastobestrolledthrough,enjoyedasanaestheticexperience,likeawalkinsideapainting.(Para.7),2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,30,4.DetailedDiscussionoftheText,27.thearchitectswerebuildingtwodifferentparksatonce.OnewastheRomanticpark,whichincludedtheRamble,thecarefully“designed”wilderness.wildnaturere-createdinthemiddleofthecity.Theother,thesouthernendofthePark,wasmoreFrench:ordered,andcharacterizedbystraightlines.(Para.7)28.Ispottedacoupleapproaching.Youfirstthoughtis:nutcase?(Para.8),2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,31,4.DetailedDiscussionoftheText,29.themanjerkedherforwardauthoritatively.（Para.8）30.Icouldntresist:justaswewereabouttopasseachother,Iaddressedthem,forthrightly.（Para.8）31.Iwasemboldenedbytherealization.(Para.9)32.buteveryone,felttheneedto“keeppattingtheParkontheback”(Para.10),2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,32,4.DetailedDiscussionoftheText,33.ThiswasattheheartofHenryJamessobservation（Para.10）34.Theparkmighthavebeenatitsmostpopular（Para.10）35.MoseswasresponsibleforthethirddesignelementinthePark-neitherEnglishnorFrench,neitherRomanticnorclassical,butefficient,purposefulandunapologeticallyAmerican.（Para.10）,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,33,4.DetailedDiscussionoftheText,36.Heputinbaseballdiamonds,volleyballcourts（Para.10）37.HeeventriedtoturntheRambleintoaseniorcitizensrecreationcenter,butwasstoppedbytheprotestingbirdwatchers.（Para.10）38.TheironywasthatbytheendoftheMoseseratheParkwasdangerous.(Para.10),2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,34,4.DetailedDiscussionoftheText,39.Nearthereservoir,agangofkidsonbicyclezoomedacrosstheEighty-fifthStreetTransverse,hootingwithasenseofominouspower.（Para.11）40.Buttonight,eveifitwerentcloudingover,theredbeonstars.Toomuchglare.(Para.12),2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,35,4.DetailedDiscussionoftheText,42.Adirttrailappearedonmyleft.Thislookedpromising.(Para.15)43.ThoseanimalsthatDanielBoonemadehishatoutof.(Para.18)44.Myvoicestartledthemandoneofthemstartedpeeing.Andthen,naturefindingherselfunabletoresist,itstartedtopour.（Para.24）,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,36,5.ExplanationofLanguagePoints,1.1)tostuffsthwithsthelse:tofilloroverfillacontainerorspacewithsthE.g:Itscheapertostuffthepillowwithfoamthanwithfeathers.Compare:tostuffsthintosthelse:topushsthintoaspaceoracontainerE.g:Dontstuffanythingelsein,orthebagwillburst.2)rucksack:(Br.E)abagusedforcarryingthingsonyourback(backpackinAm.E)Forthecommonlyusedvarieryofbags,seethepictureonpage82oftheLongmanDictionaryofContemporaryEnglish(1995edition).,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,37,5.ExplanationofLanguagePoints,2.IarrivedonehotandhumidFridayeveninginJulytospendthenightinCentralPark.Both“heavy”and“muggy”mean(weather)hotinahumidandunpleasantway,esp.beforeorafterrainorastorm,justlikeBeijinginJuly.3.1)EverybodywhoknowsNewYorkknowsthatyoushouldnotwanderinCentralParkatnightbecauseitistoodangerous.Thisisknowntoallandhasbeensaidover.However,preciselybecauseoftherisk,itisnaturalthatpeopleoftenwanttodoit.2)appeal:thepowerofattractingorarousinginterest,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,38,5.ExplanationofLanguagePoints,4.Thefoundingcommissioners:thecityofficialswhowereappointedtoestablishCentralPark.Commissionersareofficialsingovernment,esp.thoseinchargeofdepartments.ThefoundingcommissionersofCentralParkwerethelandscapearchitectsFrederickLawOlmstedandCalvertVaux.Thetwodesignedandoversawthefirst-phaseconstructionoftheParkwhichbeganin1858andendedin1878.,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,39,5.UsefulWordsandExpressions,5.“should”isusedafter“if”,“incase”orwithsubjectandverbsinvertedtosuggestthataneventisnotlikelytohappen.Moreexamples:E.g:Ifyoushouldchangeyourmind,doletmeknow.E.g:ShouldTomphone,canyoutellhimIllphonebacklater?E.g:Hecouldpersuadehertostayshouldthisbenecessary.,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,40,5.ExplanationofLanguagePoints,6.cityadministrator:apersonwhoworksforthecityspublicaffairs,forexamplethoseonthecitycouncil.7.1)Thissentencepresentsagoodopportunityforlearnerstolearntermsfordifferentlaworregulationoffenders.2)tosnatch:topullortakesthawayquicklyE.g:Thethiefsnatchedthehandbagandranaway.3)nottomention:usedtoaddsththatmakesthesituationevenmoredifficult,interesting,surprising,etcE.g:Thecityofferstouristsscenicspots,beautifulweatheranddeliciousfood,nottomentionthefamousshoppingmalls.E.g:Heishandsomeandsmart,nottomentionbeingagoodathlete.他长的帅，人又机灵，并且是一位运动健将,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,41,5.ExplanationofLanguagePoints,8.1)IarrivedatninefifteenandwenttotheonlyplaceIknewatnight(thathadsomethinggoingon).2)tomakefor:a.tomovetowards(aplace)E.g:Assoonasitstartedtorain,weturnedroundandmadeforhome.b.tohelpmakesthpossibleE.g:Internationalfootballmatchessometimesmakeforbetterunderstandingbetweencountries.3)nocturnal:happeningatnight4)TheDelacorteTheater:theopen-airtheaterinCentralParkthatservesashometofreesummertimeperformanceswhich,duringthemonthsofJune,JulyandAugust,includeatleastoneShakespeareproduction.ThesummertimeperformancesareoneoftheNewYorkCitysmostbelovedculturalevents.,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,42,5.ExplanationofLanguagePoints,9.1)AndtonightsperformancecouldbeanyoutdoorperformanceofShakespearesplayoneregularlyfindsinsummerinAmerica(ItsaculturaltraditioninAmericatoputonfreeShakespeareproductionsinsummer).Therewasonlyonedifference.2)stock:usedasanadjective,meaning:usuallykeptinstockandregularlyavailable常备的E.g:IntensiveReadingisoneofourstockcourses.3)production:usedtorefertoapublicperformanceorashowingofamovie,play,TVorradioprogramE.g:TheroyalShakespeareCompanysproductionofMacbeththatyearwasagreatculturalevent.,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,43,5.ExplanationofLanguagePoints,9.4)Shakespeare:Herethenameofoneperson/thing(Shakespeare)foranother,withwhichitiscloselyassociated(Shakespearesworks)isacommonfigureofspeechcalledmetonymy.Formoreexamples:E.g:HespentthewholedayreadingShakespeare.(Shakespearesworks)E.g:Accordingtomanyanalysts,GeorgeW.BushspathtoNovemberwouldbeuphillalltheway.(HereNovemberreferstothepresidentialelectionintheUnitedStates.)5)inonerespect:ononepoint,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,44,5.ExplanationofLanguagePoints,10.1)inview:closeenoughtobeseenE.g:Victoryisinview.E.g:Fromoutpositiononthehillside,everydetailofthelandscapewasclearlyinview.我们从山坡上往下看，风光景物历历在目C.f:Otherusesof“view”:tocomeintoview:E.g:Thecastlesuddenlycameintoview.tocomeinviewof:E.g:Wecameinviewofthecastleasweturnedthecorner.todisappear/belostfromview:E.g:Theprocessiongraduallydisappearedfromview.Toblock/obstruct/shutoff/spoiltheview:E.g:Thenewbuildingspoilstheviewfromourwindow.,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,45,5.ExplanationofLanguagePoints,11.AndtonightsperformancecouldbeanyoutdoorperformanceofShakespearesplayoneregularlyfindsinsummerinAmerica(ItsaculturaltraditioninAmericatoputonfreeShakespeareproductioninsummer).Therewasonlyonedifference.12.1)Theturningredlightontheroofofthepolicecarislikecampfireinthewild,warningdangerouspeopleoranimalsthatmightbeouttherenottocomeclose.2)thewild:anenvironmentthatisnatural,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,46,5.ExplanationofLanguagePoints,13.(Im)freedfromthefearbythelightsinthepark,thelaughtercomingfromtheaudienceandpeoplearound,andthelinesofShakespearewhichcamefromtheperformanceshowninthesummernight.14.1)BelvedereCastle:ItistothesouthofDelacorteThearterperchedonVistaRock.Asitsnamesuggests(BelvedereisItalianfor“beautifulview”),thecastleoffersvisitorsawonderfulview.ItisnowhometotheHenryLuceNatureObservatory,wheresimpledisplaysshowhownaturalistsobservetheworld.,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,47,5.ExplanationofLanguagePoints,14.2)TheShakespeareGarden:NestledbetweentheDelacorteTheater,BelvedereCastle,andtheSwedishCottage,itisagardendedicatedtoShakespearein1916,the300thanniversaryofhisdeath.FollowingaVictoriantradition,onlyflowersmentionedinShakespearesplaysandpoetrywereplantedinthegarden.ScatteredthroughoutthegardenarebronzeplaqueswithShakespeareanquotationsthatinspiredtheplanting.3)topeek:tolookatsthquickly,esp.secretlyorfrombehindsthE.g；Topeekat/through/into/overSynonym:topeepE.g:Hepeeped/peekedthroughthegateintothegarden.,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,48,5.ExplanationofLanguagePoints,15.ThoughIhavebeenintheParklessthananhour,Itotallylostmyway.Whatsworse,nowIamonadarkpath,andinfrontofmeissomethingmakingnoiseinthebushes,whichmightthreatenmylife.16.AndIstartedtorunawayquickly.tobeexact,Iwasnotrunning,butitwasalsonotstrollinganymore.Withoutlookingback,IturnedleftandfinallyIlostmysenseofdirection./IdidntknowwhereIwasorwhereIwasgoing.,2007.3.1.W.W.L,a,49,5.ExplanationofLanguagePoints,17.1)Ilostmysenseofdirection./IdidntknowwhereIwasorwhereIwasgoing.2)toobliterate:togetridofEg:Theheavyrainobliteratedallfootprints.18.TheRamble:itisa38-acrewildgardeninCentralParkwithrockyoutcrops,secludedgladesandatumbling