尼克松ppt课件

,RichardM.Nixon(January9,1913April22,1994)wasthe37thPresidentoftheUnitedStates,servingfrom1969to1974whenhebecametheonlyU.S.presidenttoresigntheoffice.NixonhadpreviouslyservedasaU.S.RepresentativeandSenatorfromCaliforniaandasthe36thVicePresidentoftheUnitedStatesfrom1953to1961.,EarlyLife,NixonwasbornonJanuary9,1913inCalifornia.HeistheIrishoffspring(子孙后代).Nixonsearlylifewasmarkedbyhardship,TheNixonfamilyranch(牧场)failedin1922,andthefamilymovedtoWhittier,California.From1937to1942,asalawyerinWhittleCalifornia.InJune1938,hejoinedtheRepublicanparty.From1942to1946servedintheNavy,thenwaspromotedtolieutenantcommander(海军少校).,In1946,NixonwaselectedasUSARepublicanmembersofthehouseofRepresentatives,thenenteredpolitics.In1950hewaselectedtobetheSenatorAmerican(美国联邦参议员).In1952,aftertheCheckersSpeech（跳棋演讲）,hebecameEisenhowersrunningmate（竞选伙伴）andwaselectedasthevicepresidentoftheUSA.Hewaselectedin1956asvicepresidentagain.In1972,hesignedtheAntiBallisticMissileTreaty(反弹道导条约)andtheImplementationofPolicy(缓和政策）EasingwithSovietUnion（苏联）.Nixonalsolaunchedinitiatives(发起倡议）tofightagainstcancerandillegaldrugs(非法药物),toputwageandpricecontrolsintopractice（实行工资和价格管制）,toabolishmandatorydesegregation（种族隔离）inthesouthernstateschools,toimplementenvironmentalreforms,andalsoproposedthebilltoreformthemedicalinsurance（医疗保险)andsocialwelfare.HealsopresidedovertheAppolloNo.11（阿波罗11号）missiontothemoon.In1972,hewasoverwhelminglyreelectedinthepresidentialelection.In1973，hesignedanagreementtoannouncetheU.S.militaryinvolvementintheVietnamWarended.,Politicalcareer,China,Duringvisitsin1972toBeijingandMoscow,hereducedtensionswithChinaandtheU.S.S.R.Itmadetheyear1972oneofthemostimportantyearintherecenthistoryandopenedanewchapterinthediplomaticrelationshipbetweenthetwocountries.,Watergatescandal,Theso-called“Watergate”referstotheheadquartersofDemocraticNationalCommittee（民主党全国委员会）foundthewiretappingincident（窃听事件）onJune17,1972,theWatergateapartmentsinWashington.Becausethisincident,NixonlackedofpoliticalsupportofCongress,hehadtoresignfromthePresidency,becamethefirstU.Spresidenttoresign.,OldAge,Inhislastyears,Nixongainedpraiseasanelderstatesman（政治家）.Byth