英美教育异同PPT课件.ppt

.,1,Education,Thisclass,wearemainlytalkingabouttheeducationintheprimarywesterncountry,asAmericanandBritain,.,2,“Giveamanafishandhewilleatforaday.Teachamanhowtofishandhewilleatfortherestofhislife.”-ChineseProverbThegoalofeducationistoachieveuniversalliteracyandtoprovideindividualswitheducationalopportunities.,Thesimilaries,.,3,Educationalocalmatter,BothAmericanandBritainattachmuchimportancetotheireducation.Bothofthemcompelchildrentocompletetheirbasaleducation.,.,4,EducationinAmerica,.,5,EducationintheUnitedStatesisprovidedmainlybygovernment,withcontrolandfundingcomingfromthreelevels:federal,state,andlocal.Eachof50statesintheUnitedStateshasitsownlawsregulatingeducation.Fromstatetostate,somelawsaresimilar;othersarenot.,.,6,.,7,Elementaryschoolandsecondaryschool,Inmostareas,freepublicschooleducationbeginswithkindergartenclassesfor5yearsold.Almostallthe50stateshavelawsthatrequire12yearsofcompulsoryattendanceatschoolforchildren.,.,8,Insomeschoolsystem,the12gradesaredividedintotwostages,thefirst6gradesforelementaryschoolandthenext6gradesforsecondaryschool.Inotherschoolsystem,therearethreedivisions:elementaryschool(grades16),juniorhighschool(79),andseniorhighschool(1012).,.,9,Thewaytostudy,ClassatmosphereisusuallyrelaxedinAmericanschools.Americaneducatorsbelievethatchildrenlearnbetterwhentheyarehappyandinterested,soeveryefforthasbeenmadetoarousetheinterestsoftheindividual.,.,10,PrivateSchools,Mostprivateschoolsarerelatedtoreligiousgroups.Intheseschools,religiousinstructionispartofthecurriculum.Today,about12%ofallAmericanchildrengotoprivateschoolsfortheirelementaryandsecondaryeducation.,.,11,MiddleSchoolinU.S.A,.,12,EntranceRequirementofaUniversityoraCollege,Successfulapplicantsatsuchcollegesareusuallychosenonthebasisof:Theirhighschoolacademicperformance.Lettersofrecommendationfromtheirhighschoolteachers.Theimpressiontheymakeduringtheinterviewsattheuniversity.TheirscoresonSAT.,.,13,PublicUniversities,PublicuniversitiesareoperatedbyastateorlocalgovernmentSomefamouspublicuniversities:UniversityofCaliforniaatBerkleyUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngles(UCLA),.,14,TheBritishEducationalSystem,.,15,SchoolToday,Pre-primarySchoolsPrimarySchoolsSecondarySchoolsUniversity/College,.,16,Pre-PrimarySchools,Pre-schooleducationisavailable(oftenonafee-payingbasis)forchildrenaged2to4/5throughplaygroupsandnurseryschools(manyareprivate).Theemphasisisongroupwork,creativeactivityandguidedplay.,.,17,1.StateSchools(公立学校):11-yearCompulsoryEducation(5-16)StatePrimarySchoolComprehensiveSchool,GrammarSchoolorSecondaryModernSchool2.PublicSchools/IndependentSchools(独立学校/公学):PrepSchoolPublic(Independent)School,TwoSystemsofprimaryandsecondaryeducationinBritain:,.,18,.,19,EtonCollege,EtonPupils,withthetutor,.,20,TeachingMethods,TheUKeducationalsystemencouragesself-study,discussionsandpracticalwork.Thestudentsmayhavetime-tabledclassesormightbeencouragedtodomoreofindependentworkforasubstantialamountoftimedependingonthe