Colorfullanguage.ppt

Unit2Colorfullanguage,Sinceyoudecidetostay,stayhappyhere!Dontmulti-task;doonethingatatime!,HowtounderstandtheEnglishHumour,A.Theteacher:whatisthechemicalformulaofwater?Astudent:ItisHIJKLMNO.Theteacher:why?Astudent:theotherday,yousaiditwasH20.B:Thebabycornaskedthemummycorn,“whereisthepopcorn?”“Heexplodedinthecinema.”,AquiztotestyourpreviousknowledgeabouttheuseofcolorsinEnglishandnamesomecolors:blackbrowngraypinkpurpleredsilverbluewhiteyellowgreenHeisfeelingalittlegreenonthesea.Heisfeelingalittlebluelately.,Unit2Colorfullanguage,Theuseofcolortermsisverycomplicatedandalotofexpressionscontaincolors.“青”inChinese:青山；青天；青丝Mr.Brownisawhiteman.Hewaslookingrathergreentheotherday.Hehasbeenfeelingbluelately.WhenIsawhimhewasinabrownstudy.Ihopehewillsoonbeinthepinkagain.,Whytolearncolorterms?,Whydowehavetostudy“colorterms”indifferentcultures?Peoplemightusedifferentcolorstodescribethesamethingorusethesamecolorstorefertodifferentthings.Translatethefollowingphrasescontainingcolor:e.g.green-eyed;bluemovies;blacktea;brownsugar;givesb.ablacklook;bebeatenblackandblue;blackcoffeeDrivewithCare!AccidentBlackSpot!,Colortermsareculturallyloaded,Differentcultureshavedevelopedtheirdifferentaestheticsandtastes.Everyculturehastheirownfavoritecolors.Thecolorpreferencehashistorical,politicalandeconomicorigins:Itisrelatedtohistory:“黄袍加身”,“白丁”;White;Black,Yellow,Red(races):whitetrash:aninsultingtermforpoor,lazyandignorantwhitepeopleItisrelatedtocustoms:红白喜事；whitewedding西方传统的结婚服装应该包括“旧的，新的，借来的和蓝色的”.蓝色象征纯洁，坚贞和爱情的颜色。,Itisrelatedtopolitics:RedArmy(inChina/Russia红军)RedArmy=secretandhorrorpartyItisrelatedtoeconomy:inthered;intheblack;grayincomeThetraditionisrecordingprofitsinblackinkandlossesinredink,DifferentColortermsacrosscultures,Differentculturesmighthavedifferentbasiccolorsystems.Howmanybasiccolortermsdowehave?Itsnumbervariesfromculturetoculture.redbluebrownPeoplearebornwiththeircolorpreferences,Whichcanshowtheirpersonality.Ifyoulikeyelow,orangeorredyoutendtobeanoptimist,energetic;lively;aleader;ifyouprefergraysandblues,youtendtobeapessimist,youprobablyarequietandshy,low-keyandyouwouldratherfollowthelead.,WhiteBlack,Greenyellow,PurplePinkOrangeGray,Comparisonoftheassociations(联想)ofcolortermsintwocultures,Nowwetrytomakeacomparisonofthepotentialculturalassociations/implicationsofthefollowingcolortermsinChinesecultureandEnglishculture.(alisteningpractice),brownout：n.apartialandtemporaryreductionintheamountofelectricpoweravailabletocustomersinaregion;duringthewar,thedarknessresultingfromtheextinctionoflights(asinacityinvisibletoenemyaircraft)部分灯火管制；部分停电blackoutn.thefailureofelectricpowerforageneralregion灯火管制；灯火熄灭,Theassociationsof“red”inChineseculture,RedChinesecolorItisassociatedwith“happiness”,“festivity”and“weddings”e.g.Itindicates“prosperity”,goodlucke.g.Itisassociatedwith“popularity”,e.g.Itindicates“health”,e.g.Itcanbeassociatedwithcertainemotions,e.g.Itisconnectedwith“beauties”,e.g.Itisrelatedto“revolution”and“communism”,e.g.Itcanbeusedinidioms,e.g.灯红酒绿；红男绿女,Theassociationsof“red”inEnglishculture,InEnglishculture,peopledontlike“red”somuchandithasseveralnegativeassociations:Itisassociatedwith“anger”,e.g.Red-faced;Thebullsawred.Itisassociatedwith“danger”,“warning”or“somethingforbidden”,e.g.redflag:usedtowarnpeopleofdanger示警红旗redlight,redalert紧急警报;redcardIthastheimplicationof“cruelty”,“violence”or“disaster”:e.g.redintoothandclaw（残酷无情）itisrelatedtoprejudice:redneck:apoor,uneducated,whitepersonthatlivesinruralareas,usuallyintheSouthofAmerica乡巴佬Similarity:itisalsoassociatedwith“喜庆”,e.g.red-letterday(日历上的红日子);rollthered-carpetforsb.;,Threeidiomsconcerningred,Thereisredtapeinthegovernmentoffice.:excessiveuseofformalities/officialrulesinpublicbusiness繁文缛节TheU.Sgovernmenthashighredinkthisyear.deficitShehastotakered-eyetoLondontonight.,Theassociationsof“yellow”inChineseculture,Positive:theskincolorofChinesenationality;thecolorofoursoil;thecolorofourmotherriver;thecolorofgold/oncetheexclusivecolorofthekingsinceTangDynasty;thecolorofgoodomen/lucke.g.Neutralsenseinidioms:黄瓜；黄昏；蛋黄Derogatoryimplication:事黄了；人老珠黄；人比黄花Itisassociatedwith“pornography,beingobscene,vulgar”:黄色书刊;扫黄运动黄色书刊:pornographicbooks/magazines;obsceneorvulgarbooks扫黄运动:anti-porncampaignInEnglishculture,thecolorusedtoindicate“pornography”is“blue”,butwecantsay“bluebooks(名人录,蓝皮书)”here.Wecansay“bluejokes”;“bluemovies/video”;“bluetalk”;“bluesoftware”etc.,Associationsof“yellow”inEnglishculture,Itisassociatedwith“newspapersormagazinesoflowtaste,presentingscandals,loveaffairsetc.inasensational/distortedway”:e.g.yellowpress/journalism:追求低级趣味和耸人听闻的报刊Itisassociatedwith“beingtimid,mean”e.g.Heistooyellowtostandupandfight.ayellow-belly;yellow-belliede.g.yellowdog卑鄙的人Itisassociatedwithpeoplewithyellowskin:yellowperil黄祸（西方诬指所谓来自亚洲的危胁尤指来自中国的危胁）,Twoidiomsconcerningyellow,YellowPages:abookcontainingdifferenttelephonenumbersofdifferentorganizationsorbusinessesYellowribbon:apieceofyellowmaterialthatsb.tiesaroundatreeasasignthattheyarethinkingaboutsb.whohasgoneaway,esp.asoldierfightinginawar,orsb.takenasahostageorprisonerandthattheyhopethattheywillsoonsafelyreturn,Associationsof“green”inChineseculture,Itisassociatedwith“youth”and“energy”andeven“spring”,itissimilartoitsuseinEnglishculture:e.g.greenoldage;inthegreenItisassociatedwith“army”forthecolorofthearmyisgreen:e.g.Itisassociatedwith“environmentallyfriendly”:similaritygreenfood;greenpeace;greenOlympicsItisassociatedwith“permission”:similaritye.g.greenlight;greencard;emergencygreenpathIthasspecialimplicationassociatedwith“marriagefailure”:e.g.,Associationsof“green”inEnglishculture,Itisassociatedwith“jealousyorillness”,据说妒忌，不悦或疾病会导致人体黄色胆汁分泌过多，症状之一就是脸色和眼睛发青或发白.E.g.green-eyed;greenwithenvy;lookgreenItisassociatedwith“inexperiencedorlackofknowledge”:e.g.greenhand=greenhorn=rookie;aboygreentohisjob.Itisassociatedwith“money”,e.g.greenback(U.Sbanknotes)e.g.InAmericanelection,thecandidateswhowinareusu.theoneswhohavegreenpowerbackingthem.Itisassociatedwith“gardening”,e.g.havegreenfingers/agreenthumb,Associationsof“blue”inbothcultures,Inourculture,itisassociatedwiththecolorof“sky”,“sea”,implying“peace”,“calmness”.WhileInEnglishculture,ithasrichmeanings.1.Itisassociatedwith“depression”:e.g.loveisblue;tohavetheblues;inabluemood;blue/blackMonday;Holidayblue(特指圣诞节来临，飞雪不断，人们被困在家里，感到孤寂。因经济拮据而无力置办年货和礼物，显得寒碜而郁郁寡欢)babyblues:产后抑郁症2.Itisassociatedwith“pornography/obscenity”andoccurincertainexpressionsinthissense:e.g.Bluefilm;3.Itisassociatedwith“fromaroyal/noblefamily”:e.g.blue-blooded4.Itisassociatedwith“honorandachievement”:e.g.blueRibbons西方国家的许多勋章突出蓝色，如法国功绩勋章，美国国会荣勋章和美陆空军优异服务勋章。,Idiomscontaining“blue”inEnglishculture,Nowonderhewaspromotedsoquicklyhewasthepresidentsblue-eyedboy.AmE:fair-hairedboyThebadnewscametohimoutoftheblue.Thiskindofthingshappenedonceinabluemoon.:在天文历法中，当一个月出现两次满月时，第二个满月就被赋予一个充满神秘浪漫色彩的名字“蓝月亮”（bluemoon）。,Associationsof“white”inChineseculture,Itisassociatedwith“funeral”,治丧人家穿白衣，白鞋，带白帽,白花，都是久远的民俗。e.g.Itisassociatedwith“commonpeopleorlowerclassinfeudalsociety”中国平民的衣服不带彩，平民成为“白衣”，后为“布衣”，“白衣”为贱民，是封建社会最底层的人。没有功名的人称“白丁”，他们的住处为“白屋”。Itisassociatedwith“innocentandpure”:e.g.Itisassociatedwith“beinguseless,invain”:e.g.Itisassociatedwith“terrororreactionary”:e.g.Idioms:白菜；白痴；白搭；白手起家,Associationsof“white”inEnglishculture,Itisthefavoritecolorofwhiterace:“Whitehouse”;“Whitehall(白厅;英国政府)”.“Marryawhite”1.Itisassociatedwith“purity,trustworthiness”:e.g.thecolorofwedding;whiteman忠实的,可靠的;whiteliewhite-handed(廉洁的正直的);2.Itisassociatedwith“goodluck,happiness”:e.g.awhiteday（吉日）;daysmarkedwithawhitestone(happydays)3.Thebigblockofthebuildingturnedouttobeawhiteelephant.Big,uselessandburdensome与(泰国、印度视为神象的)白象形成对比,Associationsof“black”inbothcultures,InChineseculture,itisasolemncolorandassociatedwith“death”,“evilness”and“disaster”:e.g.Itisassociatedwith“crime”and“mafia”:e.g.InEnglishculture,ithasalotofderogatoryimplications:Itisassociatedwith“dark”,“badluck”:e.g.Itsablackdayforus.今天我们不走运。e.g.black-letterday(倒霉的);2.Itisassociatedwith“anger”:e.g.lookblack;givesb.ablacklook;lookblackatsomebody3.Itisalsoassociatedwith“crime”,“mafia”or“evilness”:e.g.blackmarket;blackmark;blacklist;blacklie;,BF,Blackinidioms,BlackFriday:thedaythatfollowsThanksgivingdaywhenstoresofferearlyshoppersdiscountsanddealsfortheHolidays.感恩节后的周五疯狂购物Origin:ThedayafterThanksgivinggotthenameBlackFridayfromthetraditionofrecordingprofitsinblackinkandlossesinredink.BlackFridaymaybeaprofitabletimeforsellersandthestartofthechristmasshoppingseason.Good/blackFriday:theFridaybeforeEaster,whenJesuswasputtodeathonthecross耶稣受难日(复活节前的星期五);,Associationsof“black”inEnglishculture,Itisalsoassociatedwith“black/AfricanAmericans”.Infact,toblackpeople,“black”indicates“strength”,“vigor”while“white”indicates“paleness”and“beingnotreliable”,therefore,tosomeextent,somecolortermsarerelatedtoracism.,Associationsof“purple”intwocultures,InChineseculture,itisassociatedwith“goodomen”,古人因相传“老子”有紫气,故以紫为“祥瑞”的颜色,“紫气东来”,多附会帝王或圣贤出现的先兆Itisassociatedwith“Taoism”or“Emperor”,“紫色”为道教和某些朝代的统治者所崇尚的色彩，因而常在其宫室、服饰、用物前冠之以“紫”，紫衣，紫书（道经；皇帝诏书）；但是从唐代到清代黄色一直是历代帝王的垄断色。InEnglishculture,itisassociatedwiththegownwornby“emperor”or“cardinal(红衣主教)”(紫袍加身)Itcanalsoindicatethepowerorpositionoftheemperororcardinal(王权；红衣主教的职位):raisetothepurple当皇帝e.g.beborntothepurple生于皇室(贵族)；marryintothepurple嫁到显贵人家,Theuseof“pink”inEnglishculture,Beinthepink=behealthyShegotapinkslipyesterday.:alettergiventosb.tosaythathe/shemustleavethejob.解雇通知书Idioms:pinkeye传染性急性结膜炎,红眼睛pink-collar:low-paidjobsmainlydonebywomen粉领的pinkpound/dollar:粉红英镑，同性恋者作为一个消费群体的购买力,QuickReviewofUnit2,brownsugar;blackteaInthepink健康;inthered;intheblackseered突然发怒Red-letterdays吉日Redflag;red-neck（乡巴佬）RedtapeBluevideoYellowpress;YellowPagesGreenfingers;greenhandBlue-bloodedblue-eyedboygivesb.ablacklook;lookblackatsb.Beborntothepurple;whiteelephant;blackspot,Aminiproject,Time:week2-9Form:groupworkoutside/inclassTopic:AsurveyonthelifeoftodayscollegestudentsinChina(中国大学生生活调查报告，包括情感，幸福度，心里健康，对未来规划，兼职创业情况，健康（不健康）生活方式等等Tasks:Aftercollectingrelevantinformationinthefirst7weeksanddoingaquestionnaire,inthe9thweekeachgroupwillgiveapresentationwithstatisticsandconclusionsandareportofatleast150wordsTheProductswillbepostedandsharedinblogs,mixbookorotherpublicplatforms,Awesternermanagerwastoldbyhiscompanytoreducestaffbyfiringoneoftwotechnicians:JohnorBob.Bothofthemhaveworkedforthecompanyfor5yearsandtheirworkperformanceisaboutequal.HoweverJohnisfromthetownthecompanyislocatedinandhehasmanygoodfriendsthroughoutthecompany-includingthemanagerhimself.Inaddition,hiswifehasalong-termillnessandcantwork.Incontrast,Bobcomesfromanotherpartofthecountryandknowsfewpeopleinthetownorcompany.Heissingle.However,BobhasaMAwhileJohnonlyhasaBA.1.Inbothcultures,whoismorelikelytokeepthejob?Why?,possibleanswers,Intheindividualistwest,