人教版英语选修七第一单元语法38843.ppt

M7U1Livingwell,Grammar(theinfinitives),afford,agree,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,choose,claim,dare,decide,demand,deserve,determine,expect,fail,get,guarantee,hate,help,hope,hurry,intend,learn,long,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,tend,threaten,want,wish,Whichverbscanbenormallyfollowedbytheinfinitive?,Remember!,动词不定式(Infinitive)由“to+do”构成,否定形式_FunctionsofInfinitive:主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语、状语,nottodo,1.不定式作主语(subject),Tofinishthisreporttookhimaweek.眼见为实。Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.Itsimpossible_humanstoflylikeabirdnow.Itspolite_youtogreeteveryone.单个不定式作主语时，谓语动词用_。若不定式太长，通常将其放句后，而用it作_。,for,of,单数,形式主语,2.不定式作表语(Predicative),WhatIwouldsuggestistoputoffthemeeting.Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.主语为不定式，表语也需为_.我的工作是要帮助病人。Myjobis_.不定式常用在系动词be,seem,appear,get,remain等后作表语Theonlythingtodonowis(to)goon.WhatIlldois(to)tellherthetruth.Allhedidjustnowwas(to)completetheform.P.S:当主语含有_，作表语的不定式可省略_.,不定式,do的某种形式,to,tohelpthepatients,3.不定式作宾语(Object),Idecidedtoaskformymoneyback.It作_：我觉得他不可能在这么短的时间内完成任务。Ifeelitimpossibleforhim_insuchashorttime.+it+adj./n.+(forsb.)+todosth.,形式宾语,tofinishthejob,think/consider/find/feel/believesuppose/make,4.不定式作宾补(ObjectComplement),1)带to的不定式作宾补结构：动词:allow,order,force,permit,tell,want,wish,forbid,advise,persuade,warn等后皆带_作宾补。2)不带to的不定式作宾补:Hemadeafaceandmadeuslaugh.类似用法的动词还有：使役动词make,have,let;感官动词see,watch,observe,hear,listento,notice,weremadetolaugh,若上述结构变为被动语态,to要还原。,V.+sb.+todo,1.Theysawtheboyfallsuddenlyfromthetree.Theboywasseentofallsuddenlyfromthetree.,2.MothermadeJohnwashthecarforaweek.,Johnwasmadetowashthecarforaweek.,5.不定式作定语(Attribute),Couldyoulendmeapen_(write)?Heislookingforaroom_(live).Pleasepassmesomepaper_(write).若todo与被修饰的词为_关系时，不定式后介词不可省。,towritewith,tolivein,towriteon,动宾,5.不定式作定语(Attribute),1.Autumnisthebesttimetotravel.2.Sheisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.P.S：当名词被thefirst,thelast等序数词以及adj.最高级修饰时，通常用不定式作定语。,something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。,Doyouhaveanything_(send)?Ihavenothing_(say).,tosend,tosay,6.不定式作状语(Adverbial),1)目的状语(todo,inorderto,soastodo)Istayedtheretoseewhatwouldhappen.Hespokeloudlyinordertobeheard.2)结果状语(tootodo,so/suchastodo)Helayinthebedonly_hisfeetexposed.Hegotthereonly_(find)thetraingone.3)原因状语(be+adj.+todo)sorry,surprised,happy,glad,eager,angry,foolish,right,wrong,slow,quick,rude,cruelWewereveryexcitedtohearthenews.Ihavetosaygoodbyenow.Imhappytomeetyou.,tofind,tofind,辨析doing/todo作结果状语Iwenttoseemyauntonlytofindherout.Iwenttoseemyaunt,findingherout.,Hedonatedalotofmoney_(enable)theorphanstogotoschool.Hedonatedalotofmoney,_(enable)theorphanstogotoschool.,toenable,enabling,动词不定式的时态和语态,todo,tohavedone,tobedoing,tohavebeendoing,tobedone,tohavebeendone,(1)Theypretendednottoseeus.,(2)Hepretendedtobesleeping.,(3)Shepretendedtohaveknownitbefore.,(在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行。),(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。),(4)Werehappytohavebeenworkingwithyou.,(完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续。),Itisanhonorforme_(invite)toattendthemeeting.Hewantsthehouse_(repair)atonce.,tobeinvited,toberepaired,stoptodosth.停下来去做某事doingsth.停止做某事forgettodosth.忘记去做某事doingsth.忘记已做了某事,remembertodosth.记得去做某事doingsth.记得曾经做某事,注意：一、几对易混淆的词组,一些动词不定式可用作独立成分，表示说话人的态度。totellthetruth说实话tobehonest坦率地说tobeginwith首先nottosay更不用说,注意：二、不定式做插入语,1爱和被爱都是最大的幸福。_arebothgreathappiness.2据说他已经完成了他的工作。Heissaid_.3根据报道他们已安全到达。Theyarereported_.,Toloveandtobeloved,tohavefinished/completed,hiswork,翻译下面的句子。,tohavearrivedsafely,4我想