专八人文知识习题及答案

今日话题：辅音如何分类 1.发音部位（placesofarticulation）：双唇音(bilabial)、唇齿音(labiodental)、齿间音(dental)等； 2.发音方法(mannersofarticulation)：、爆破音(stop)、摩擦音(fricatives)、破擦音(affricates)、鼻音(nasal)、边音(lateral)等； 3.声带状态：清辅音、浊辅音。 因此更正第七期第十道 10.Englishconsonantscanbeclassifiedintostops,fricatives,nasals,etc,intermsof_ AmannerofarticulationBopennessofmouth CplaceofarticulationDvoicing 选择A而不是C 1.St.LawrenceandRiverColumbiaaresharedbyboth_b_ AAmericaandMexicoBAmericaandCanada CAmericaandCubaDAmericaandBrazil 2.EuropeansettlementofAustraliabeganinthelatepartof_c_whenaBritishpenalcolonywasestablishedontheeastcoastofthecontinent. Athe16thcenturyBthe17thcenturyCthe18thcenturyDthe19thcentury 3.WhichsportissupposedtobeAmericasnationalsportandusedtobecall“Americansfavorablepastime”? aAbaseballBbasketballCrugbyDcricket 4.ThelargestcityinNewZealandisb_ AAucklandBWellingtonCChristchurchDDunedin 5.AfterAdamBede,_wroteTheMillontheFlossandSilasMarnerinwhichmoralproblemsarediscussedandpsychologicalanalysisofcharactersareemphasized. AGeorgeEliotBJaneAustinCGeorgeDickensDCharlotteBronte 6.AllofthefollowingodesarewrittenbyJohnKeatsEXCEPT_ AOdetoAutumnBOdetoaNightingale COdetoaSkylarkDOdeonMelancholy 7.Of_sfourfamouscomedies,thebestknownisLadyWindermeresFan. AOscarWildeBRichardSheridanCBernardShawDSomersetMaugham 8.Iftheairstreammeetswithnoobstructionwhenasoundispronounced,itisa(n)_c_ AvoicedconsonantBvoicelessconsonantCvowelDexplosive 9.Theinternationallyacceptedsystemofphonetictranscriptionis_ AI.P.ABI.A.P.SCI.S.SDS.S.I.P 10.Withthe_d_,LatinwordswereaddedintothevocabularyofthelanguagespokeninBritain. AinvasionoftheRomansBChristianizationofBritain CScandinavianinvasionDNormanConquest 答案 BCAAACACAB 9.国际音标（internationalphoneticalphabet）是目前世界上比较通行的音标，简称IPA，最初制定于1889年美国人口构成 1.ThepopulationoftheUnitedStatesisabitmorethan272million,about13%ofwhichareBlack,12%areHispanic(讲西班牙语的人)，4%areAsianandtherestareWhiteAmericans. 2.ItisthethirdmostpopulouscountryintheworldafterChinaandIndia. 3.ThemostpopulousstatesareCalifornia,Texas,NewYork,FloridaandIllinois. 4.Morethan80%ofAmericansliveinurbanareas. 巩固：按照人口数量排列，美国在世界排在第几位；按照面积排，美国又是排第几位呢？ 1.Christmasisusuallyconnectedto_ AthereunionofalargefamilyBtheeatingofEastereggs CtheresurrectionofChristDtheforgivingofotherssins 2.ThelargestoftheethnicminoritiesinAmericais_ AtheblacksBtheMexico-Americans CtheSpanish-AmericansDtheChinese 3.TheBritishestablish_coloniesalongtheeastcoastofNorthAmericanbetween16.7and1733. A.11B12C13D14 4.ThelargestuniversityinCanadais_ ALavalUniversityBTheUniversityofToronto CMcGillUniversityDSimonFraserUniversity 5.RobinsonCrusoeiswrittenby_ AHenryFieldingBDanielDefoeCSamuelRichardsonDJonathanSwift 6._iswrittenbyWaltWhitman. ARepresentativeMenBEnglishTraitsCNatureDLeavesofGrass 7._isnotanovelist. AHenryJamesBEmilyDickinsonCWilliamDeanHowellsDMarkTwain 8._isnotoneofthecorebranchesoflinguistics. APhonologyBPsycho-linguisticsCSyntaxDSemantics 9._isthecommonfactorofthethreesounds:p,t,k AvoicelessBspreadCvoicedDnasal 10.Englishconsonantscanbeclassifiedintostops,fricatives,nasals,etc,intermsof_ AmannerofarticulationBopennessofmouth CplaceofarticulationDvoicing 按面积计算，美国继俄罗斯，加拿大，中国之后位居第四。 按人口计算，美国继中国，印度后，居第三。 答案ACCBBDBBAA练习题： 1.ThenationalepicoftheAnglo-Saxonsis_. ARobinHoodBSirGawainandtheGreenKnight CTheCanterburyTalesDBeowulf 2._wasthemostoutstandingsingleromanceontheArthurianlegendwritteninalliterativeverse. ATheCanterburyTalesBPiersthePlowman CSirGawainandtheGreenKnightDBeowulf 3._wasthemostfamousforTheCanterburyTales. AGeoffreyChaucerBJohnMilton CWilliamShakespeareDFrancisBacon 4.Mostoftheballadsofthe5thcenturyfocusedonthelegendabout_asaheroicfigure. AGreenNightsBGawain CRobinHoodDHamlet 5.Inthe16thcentury,ThomasMoreswork_becameimmediatelypopularafteritspublication. AParadiseLostBAPleasantSatireoftheThreeEstates COfBeautyDUtopia 6._wasEdmundSpencersmasterpiecewhichhasbeenregardedasoneofthegreatpoemsintheEnglishlanguage. AAmorettiBTheShepherdsCalendar CTheFaerieQueenDFourHymns 7._isfromShakespearessonnetNo.18. A“Letmenottothemarriageoftrueminds” B“Tobeornottobe:thatisthequestion” C“ShallIcomparetheetoasummersday” D“NolongermournformewhenIamdead” 8.Thevividportrayalof_byShakespeareinHenryIVhasearnforhimanenviableplaceinthehistoryofEnglishliterature. AJuliusCaesarBFalstaffCHamletDKingHenry 9.ThefourgreattragedieswrittenbyShakespeareareHamlet,Macbeth,Othelloand_. A.AntonyandCleopatraB.JuliusCaesar CTwelfthNightDKingLear 10.WhichofthefollowingdoesnotbelongtoShakespearesromanticlovecomedies? ATwelfthNightBTheTempest CAsYouLikeItDTheMerchantofVenice 练习题答案及题解: 1.D贝奥武夫是英国一部著名的英国史诗，也是英国文学中的一部重要作品，用古英语写成。 2.C高文爵士和绿衣以亚瑟王和他的骑士为题材，歌颂勇敢、忠贞、美德，是中古英语传奇文学最优秀的作品之一。 3.Chaucer被誉为“英国诗歌之父”，他的代表作是坎特伯雷故事集，它是以本土文学为主流的英国书面文学历史开始的重要标志。 4.C英国15十几民谣大部分是关于流传于英国民间家喻户晓的传奇人物罗宾汉和他的伙伴们的故事。民谣中的罗宾汉是一个仗义疏财，劫富济贫的绿林好汉。 5.D托马斯.莫尔是英国重要的早期人文主义者。他的著作乌托邦勾画出了一个社会平等，财产共有，人民和谐相处的理想大同国。 6.C长诗仙后是英国杰出诗人EdmundSpencer的杰作，它是英国诗歌创作的典范。Spencer在仙后一诗中创造了著名的“斯宾塞诗体”，其影响深远。 7.C“ShallIcomparetheetoasummersday”源自莎士比亚著名的第十八首诗。 8.B喜剧人物福斯坦福是莎士比亚在亨利四世中创造的一个为百姓喜闻乐见的不朽的艺术形象。福斯坦福是个50多岁的破落骑士，爱冒险又胆怯，喜欢吹牛又贪婪，说谎欺诈，浑水摸鱼，无所不能。同时他生性幽默，喜剧情节和笑料通过他的所言所行妙趣横生。 9.D莎士比亚的四大悲剧一般指：Hamlet，Macbeth，Othello以及KingLear。 10.BTheTempest是莎士比亚后期一部浪漫主义传奇剧，莎士比亚在创作中坚持人文主义理想，以宽恕仁爱为主要精神，期创作风格添加了不少浓郁的浪漫空幻色彩。练习题： 1.GoldRushwasvividlydepictedin_novels. AHemingwaysBMarkTwainsCHenryJamesDFaulkners 2.TheperiodofOldEnglishliteratuerefersto_ A449-1066 B14thcentury-mid17thcentury C14thcentury-mid18thcentury D16thcentury-mid18thcentury 3.ThegreattranscendentalworkbyHenryDavidThoreauis_ ANatureBWaldenCExperienceDEssays 4._hasbeenentitledtheFatherofAmericanPoetry. APhilipFreneauBRalphWaldoEmersonCWilliamCullenBryantDWaltWhitman 5.Theemotionaleffectandsocialsignificancemade_thefirstwell-knownsociologicalnovelinAmericanLiterature. ATheSunAlsoRisesBUncleTomsCabin CTheOldManandTheSeaDSisterCarrie 6.StephenCraneisfamousfor_ AAnAmericanTragedyBTheAmbassadors CMainStreetDTheRedBadgeofCourage 7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueforBenjaminFranklin? AHewasafamouswriterBHewasamembertodrafttheDeclarationofIndependence CHewasagreatscientistDHewasonceelectedAmericanPresident 8.WhitmanspoemsarecharacterizedbyallthefollowingfeaturesEXCEPT_ AastrictpoeticformBasimpleandconversationallanguageCafreeandnaturalrhythmicpatternDaneasyflowoffeelings 9.Americanfictioninthe1960sisreteredtoas_ AimagismBblackhumorCnewfictionDtheBeatGeneration 10.WilliamFaukeneristheauthorof_ AFarFromtheMaddingCrowdBSoundandFuryCForWhomtheBellTollsDScarletLetter 练习题答案及题解: 1.B马克吐温的很多短篇小说对GoldRush（淘金）进行了很形象的描绘。 2.AAnglo-Saxons所说的语言被称为古英语，Anglo-Saxons是在五世纪中侵入英国领土的，直到1066年诺曼公爵政府英格兰，建立诺曼底王朝，才代替了Anglo-Saxons。 3.B瓦尔登湖是梭罗最杰出的超验主义作品。 4.APhilipFreneau（1752-1832）被称为“美国诗歌之父”。著有：ThewildHoneySuckle；ToTheMemoryofBraveAmericans。 5.B汤姆叔叔家的小屋是美国文学史上第一部揭示黑人被虐待，宣扬反奴隶制度的小说，激发了社会各界人士的感情，是一部社会性质很强的小说。 6.DTheRedBadgeofCourage红色英勇勋章是StephenGrane的代表作。 7.DBenjaminFranklin是伟大的作家，科学家，还是美国独立宣言的撰写人之一，但是未曾担任过美国总统。 8.AWhitman主张自由诗体，认为诗歌不应该收到格律约束。他的代表作草叶集标志着真正意义上美国诗歌的诞生。 9.B黑色幽默是二十世纪六十年代盛行的小说类型，用幽默的手法来揭示可悲的现实。 10.BFarFromtheMaddingCrowd为托马斯哈代的作品；ForWhomtheBellTolls为海明威的作品；ScarletLetter为霍桑的作品。练习题： 1Asaphilosophicalandliterarymoment,_flourishedinNewEnglandfromthe1830stotheCivilWar. AmodernismBrationalismCsentimentalismDtranscendentalism 2Poesfirstcollectionofstoriesis_. ATalesofTraveler BLeatherStockingTales CCanterburyTales DTalesoftheGotequeandArabesque 3WhichbookisnotwrittenbyEmerson? ATheAmericanScholarBSelf-Reliance CNatureDCivilDisobedience 4ThefinestexampleofHawthornssymbolismistherecreationofPuritanBostonin_. ATheScarletLetterBYoungGoodmanBrown CTheMarbleFawnDTheAmbitiousGuest 5ThechiefspokesmanofNewEnglandTranscendentalismis_. ANathanielHawthornBRalphWaldoEmerson CHenryDavidThoreauDWashingtonIrving 6Transcendentalistsrecognized_asthe“highestpowerofthesoul”. AintuitionBlogicCdataofsensesDthinking 7Whichisregardedasthe“DeclarationofIntellectualIndependence”? ATheAmericanScholarBEnglishTraits CTheConductofLifeDRepresentativeMen 8Americanliteratureproducedonlyonefemalepoetduringthenineteenthcentury.Thiswas_. AAnneBradstreetBJaneAustin CEmilyDickinsonDHarrietBeecher 9Captain,MyCaptainiswrittenfor_. ALincolnBWhitmanCWashingtonDHemingway 10_isnotwrittenbyWashingtonIrving. ATheSketchBookBRipVanWinkle CTheLegendofSleepHollowDTheAutobiography 练习题答案及题解: 1D,从19世纪30年代到内战期间的主要文学流派是超验主义，以爱默生为代表。 2D,坡的第一部故事集是怪诞奇异故事集。 3D,论市民之不服从是梭罗的作品。其他全为爱默生的作品。 4A,霍桑作品中的象征主义手法主要体现在他的著作红字中。 5B,超验主义以爱默生为代表。 6A,超验主义认为人类精神的最高力量存在于人的直觉中。 7A,被称为“美国精神独立宣言”的是爱默生的美国学者。书中表达了美国人追求自己的文化独立以及文学独立身份的要求。 8C,19世纪美国的杰出女诗人是艾米莉迪金森（18301886）。 9A,阿，船长啊，我的船长！是惠特曼为纪念林肯总统而作的。 10D,见闻札记、睡谷的传说、瑞普凡温克尔都是华盛顿欧文的作品，但是自传是本杰明富兰克林的作品。练习题： 1WhichpoemisnotwrittenbyFreneau? ATheBritishPrisonShipBTheWildHoneySuckle CTheIndianBuryingGroundDTheFloodofYears 2ThomasJeffersonsattitude,thatis,afirmbeliefinprogress,andthepursuitofhappiness,istypicaloftheperiodwenowcall_. AAgeofEvolutionBAgeofReason CAgeofRomanticismDAgeofRegionalism 3WhichofthefollowingisNOTonepartoftheLeatherStockingTalesbyCooper? ATheSpyBThePathfinderCThePioneersDTheDeerslayer 4WhichstatementaboutThoreauisNOTright? AHewasaloverofnature. BHewasparticularkindofromantic. CHewaspolemicist. DHewasathoroughtranscendentalist. 5Whichofthefollowinghasbeencalled“themanifestoofAmericanTranscendentalism”? ADivinitySchoolAddressBSelf-reliance CNatureDTheAmericanScholar 6Asaphilosophicalandliterarymovement,_flourishedinNewEnglandfromthe1830stotheCivilWar. AsentimentalismBtranscendentalismCmodernismDrationalism 7TheperiodbeforetheAmericanCivilWarisgenerallyreferredtoas_. AtheModernPeriodBtheRealisticPeriod CtheRomanticPeriodDtheNaturalistPeriod 8AllthefollowingaretheworksbyNathanielHawthorneEXCEPT_. ATheMarbleFaunBTypee CTheScarletLetterDMossesfromanOldManse 9WhichofthefollowingisnotaworkofEmilyDicksons? AIHeardaFlyBuzzwhenIDied. BTheRaven CThisisMyLettertotheWorld. DILiketoSeeitLaptheMiles. 10WhitmanspoemsarecharacterizedbyallthefollowingfeaturesEXCEPT_. Athestrictpoeticform Bthefreeandnaturalrhythm Ctheeasyflowoffeelings Dthesimpleandconversationallanguage 练习题答案及题解: 1D,似水流年是布莱恩特的作品。其他全为弗伦诺的作品。 2B,“理性时代”。 3A,TheSpy不属于皮靴子系列。 4C,梭罗崇尚自然生活简单，与世无争，不入尘嚣。 5C,超验主义的宣言是Nature一书的发表。 6B,19世纪30年代到内战期间是超验主义，以爱默生等为代表。 7C,内战前是浪漫主义。 8B,Typee是HermanMelville的作品，其他全为霍桑的。 9B,TheRaven大乌鸦是艾伦坡的作品。其他全为艾米莉的。 10A,惠特曼的诗自由、清新、琅琅上口、易于理解，但并不是按照严格的格律来写。英国内战（1642-1646）1.On August 22, 1642, the First Civil War began. The kings men were called Cavaliers, and the supporters of Parliament were called Roundheads.1642.8.22，第一次内战爆发，支持国王者被成为“骑士派”，支持议会者被成为“圆颅派”。2.Charles was tried by a High Court of Justice, found guilty of have levied war against his kingdom and the Parliament, condemned to death, and executed on a scaffold outside the Banqueting House at Whitehall on January 30, 1649.查尔斯在一级高级法院受审，犯有对王国和议会发动战争之罪，被判死刑，并于1649.1.30在宴会宫窗外的绞刑架上绞死。1. _is the core of the English Government. A the Sovereign B the House of Lords C the House of Commons D the Cabinet2. Melbourne is located _ A in Canada B in New Zealand C in Ireland D in Australia3. _forced Nixon to resign in 1973. A The Watergate Scandal B The Iran-Gate ScandalC The Un-American Activities Committee D The New Right4. The young people in the post-WWI era are referred to as “_”A the Boom Generation B the Lost GenerationC the Yuppies D the Cowboys5. _was greatly influenced by Chinese and Japanese poetry.A Ezra Pound B Walt Whitman C Robert Frost D Edgar Allan Poe6. Which of the following novels was NOT written by Charles Dickens?A David Copperfield B The Pickwick Papers C Oliver Twist D Women in Love7. A myth is a _ tale originally with religious significance that explains the actions of gods or heroes, the causes of natural phenomena or both.A non-fictional B fictional C gothic D poetic 8. The force of a/an _ act is identical with the speakers intention. A illocutionary B locutionary C perlocutionary D prelocutionary 9.Saussure distinguishes the linguistic competence of the speaker as _ A parole B language C system D langue10. The noun “tear” and the verb “tear” are _A homophones B homographs C complete homonyms D allophones答案DDABA DBADB1 What country is known as the Land of Maple Leaf？A United States of AmericaB United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandC New ZealandD Canada2 The national anthem of Canada is _A Canada The Beautiful B O Canada C God Defend Canada D Advance Canada Fair3 The capital city of Canada is _A Montreal B Toronto C Albert D Ottawa4 According to the Official Language of Act of Canada, there are two official language in this country: they are_A English and Spanish B English and Portuguese C English and French D English and Celtic5Canada is a world _producer of nickel, zinc, and asbestosA primary B second C third D fourth6 The highest peak in Canada is _, which is the Yukon Territory of northwest Canada.A Mount Lawrence B Mount Superior C Mount Logan D Mount Huron7 St. Lawrence and River Columbia are shared by both _A America and Mexico B America and Canada C America and Cuba D America and Brazil8 Apart from Paris, France, Montreal is regarded as the largest_city in the world, known as “Paris the Second”.A Spanish-speaking B Portuguese-speaking C German-speaking D French-speaking9_, the third largest city in Canada, is well known as Ice-Free Harbor.A Montreal B Quebec C Toronto D Vancouver10.Canada is the worlds _country in terms of land area.A largest B second largest C third largest D fourth largest1.D 加拿大国树为枫树，期国徽和国旗上都有枫叶的图案，因此长期以来枫叶被视作加拿大的象征。2.B 加拿大国歌是啊！加拿大。3.D加拿大首都是渥太华，位于安大略省东南部与魁北克省交界处，是加拿大的经济政治中心，同时也是加拿大的文化中心。4.C 1867年的不列颠北美法案将英法两种语言定为加拿大联邦政府和魁北克省社会公共机构的官方语言。1968年的官方语言法案规定英语和法语均为加拿大官方语言。5.A 加拿大是世界锌和石棉的第一大生产国，钾碱产量居世界第二，黄金产量居第三，铜产量位居第四。6.C 加拿大最高峰为洛根峰，海拔6050米。7.B 美加边境有两条国际河流，一条是哥伦比亚河，另一条是圣劳伦斯河。8.D 蒙特利尔的法裔加拿大占全市人口的三分之二，是除了法国巴黎以外世界上最大的法语城市，素有“小巴黎”之称。9.D温哥华总人口190万，是加拿大第三大城市和工商业中心，也是不列颠哥伦比亚区的最大城市、加拿大西海岸主要港口和横贯加拿大全景铁路线的终点。它还是一个天然良港，动机不结冰。10.B 加拿大位于美国以北，是世界上仅次于俄国的第二大国家。1.发音部位（places of articulation）：双唇音(bilabial)、唇齿音(labiodental)、齿间音(dental)等； 2.发音方法(manners of articulation)：、爆破音(stop)、摩擦音(fricatives)、破擦音(affricates)、鼻音(nasal)、边音(lateral)等； 3.声带状态：清辅音、浊辅音。 因此更正第七期第十道 10. English consonants can be classified into stops, fricatives, nasals, etc, in terms of _ A manner of articulation B openness of mouth C place of articulation D voicing 选择A而不是C 1. St. Lawrence and River Columbia are shared by both _ A America and Mexico B America and Canada C America and Cuba D America and Brazil 2. European settlement of Australia began in the late part of _ when a British penal colony was established on the east coast of the continent. A the 16th century B the 17th century C the 18th century D the 19th century 3. Which sport is supposed to be Americas national sport and used to be call “Americans favorable pastime”? A baseball B basketball C rugby D cricket 4. The largest city in New Zealand is _ A Auckland B Wellington C Christchurch D Dunedin 5. After Adam Bede,_wrote The Mill on the Floss and Silas Marner in which moral problems are discussed and psychological analysis of characters are emphasized. A George Eliot B Jane Austin C George Dickens D Charlotte Bronte 6.All of the following odes are written by John Keats EXCEPT_ A Ode to Autumn B Ode to a Nightingale C Ode to a Skylark D Ode on Melancholy 7. Of_s four famous comedies, the best known is Lady Windermeres Fan. A Oscar Wilde B Richard Sheridan C Bernard Shaw