《done作状语》PPT课件

Grammarpastparticipleusedasadverbial,Grammar(1),Readthesentencesandunderlinethev-edforms.,1.Encouragedgreatly,theyworkedevenharder.2.Givenbetterattention,theseflowerscouldhavegrownbetter.,3.Consideredmorecarefully,itwouldhavehadagoodresult.4.Borninapoorfamily,hehadonlytwoyearsofschooling.,Rewritethesentences,beginningwiththewordsgiveninbrackets.,1)Spokenbyfewerandfewerpeoplethesedays,theNaxilanguagemaydisappearinthefuture.(because)Becauseitisspokenbyfewerandfewerpeoplethesedays,theNaxilanguagemaydisappear.,2)Seenfromabove,theoldtownisamazeofcanals,littlebridgesandtinystreets.(when)Whenitisseenfromabove,theoldtownisamazeofcanals,littlebridgesandtinystreets.,3)Passedfromfathertoson,themusichasnotchangedforeightcenturies.(because)Becauseitispassedfromfathertoson,themusichasnotchangedforeightcenturies.,4)Lookedatfromadistance,theXishanHillsresembleasleepingbeauty.(when)Whentheyarelookedatfromadistance,theXishanHillsresembleasleepingbeauty.,5)Completelyrebuilt,thetownwouldnotbesointeresting.(if)Ifitwerecompletelyrebuilt,thetownwouldnotbesointeresting.,Summary:thefunctionsofv-edformasadverbials.,过去分词(pastparticiples)或过去分词短语(pastparticipialphrases)作状语是英语中常见的语言现象，可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。,过去分词作状语表示被动或完成，但有些过去分词（短语）因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表动作而表状态。这样的过去分词（短语）常见的有:lost(迷路);seated(坐);absorbedin(全神贯注于);dressedin(穿着);tiredof(厌烦)等。如：Absorbedindeepthought,hedidnthearthesound.因为沉浸在思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。,(1)作时间状语。如：Seenfromthetopofthehill,ourschoollooksbeautiful.从山顶上看，我们学校看起来很美。Heated,liquidscanbechangedintogases.液体被加热会变成气体。注意:作时间状语时,过去分词如果同时表被动和动作完成,常可换用现在分词的被动完成式(havingbeendone);过去分词如果只表被动,不表完成,则不可与现在分词的被动完成式换用。,如:Discussed(Havingbeendiscussed)manytimes,theproblemsweresettledatlast.在讨论了多次之后,问题终于解决了。(过去分词既表被动又表完成)Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.从山上看这个公园非常漂亮。(过去分词只表被动)相当于when引导的状语从句.如果两个动作同时发生,可在分词前用when,while等使其时间意义更明确,(2)作原因状语。如:Attractedbythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.被自然美迷住了，来自伦敦的那个姑娘决定在农场再呆两天。Bornandbroughtupinthecountryside,hewasinterestedinbiology.由于在农村出生并长大,他对生物很感兴趣。相当于as,since,because引导的从句,这类状语多放在句子前半部分。,(3)作条件状语。如：Givenanotherchance,hewilldobetter.再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。Growninrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快。相当于if,unless,once引导的从句。,(4)作让步状语。如：Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy.尽管被许多人嘲笑,他还是继续他的研究。Exhaustedbytheclimbing,theoldmanwasdeterminedtogettothetopofthehill.尽管已经爬得筋疲力尽，那位老人决定爬到山顶。相当于though,although引导的从句。,(5)表方式或伴随情况。如：Followedbysomeofficials,Napoleoninspectedhisarmy.被一些官员跟随着,拿破仑视察了他的军队。Hestoodtheresilently,movedtotears.他静静地站在那里,被感动得热泪盈眶。作状语表示方式或伴随情况时,过去分词可用并列句(and)代替，如:Thehunterlefthishouse,followedbyhisdog.(=Hewasfollowedbythedog.),注意,(1)过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语须与句子的主语保持一致，它们之间存在着被动关系。如：Givenbetterattention,thetreescouldgrowbetter.若管理得好一些，这些树木会生长得更好些。,(2)如果分词的逻辑主语与所修饰的句子的主语不一致，就要有自己的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构(theabsoluteconstruction)。如：Thetestfinished,webeganourholiday.考试结束了,我们开始放假。Moretimegiven,weshouldhavedoneitmuchbetter.如果给我们更多的时间，我们会做得更好。,(3)(保留连词)有时,为了明确时间、条件、让步或原因等,分词前面可加连词when,if,unless,once,although或副词如deeply,completely,greatly等。如：Sugar,whenmixedwithwater,dissolvesquickly.糖与水混合很快就溶解。Althoughtired,Imustgoonworking.我虽然累了，但必须继续干。,过去分词和现在分词作状语的区别：过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动。Askedwhyhewaslate,hecried.Lookingoutofthewindow,Isawsomestudentsplayingthere.,做题方法:1.找句子的主语2.判断关系，主动用V-ing,被动用V-ed,练习坊,用所给词的适当形式填空，并与A-C的汉语翻译相匹配。1.Once_,awordbecomesapromise.2.Once_,watercannotbetakenbackagain.3._bythebeautifulscenery,Iforgottogobackhomeintime.,impress;pour;speak,A.覆水难收,B.流连忘返,C.一言既出,驷马难追,spoken,poured,Impressed,C,B,A,II.用所给词的适当形式填空。1._(see)fromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksbeautifultous.2._(give)time,hellbeafirstclasstennisplayer.3._(look)outofthewindow,Ifoundmanychildrenplayingontheplayground.,Seen,Given,Looking,4._(give)moretime,Illfinishmyworkontime.5.Comparedwith_(develop)countries,westillhavealongwaytogo.6.TheEnglishteacherenteredtheroom,_(follow)byhisstudents.,Given,developed,followed,7.Theteachbuildings_(build)in1960needrepairing.8.Ifoundmyschoolbag_(leave)inMarysroom.,built,left,Completethefollowingsentences,usingthegivenwords.,1)_(face)withadifficultsituation,Arnolddecidedtoaskhisbossforadvice.2)_(put)intouseinApril2004,thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns.,Faced,Put,3)When_(offer)help,oneoftensays“Thankyou.”or“Itskindofyou.”4)“Youcantcatchme!”Janetshouted,_(run)away.,offered,running,TranslatethesentencesusingV-edform.,(1)因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。(2)工作提前完成了，他非常满意。,Writteninahurry,thisarticlewasnotsogood!,Hewassatisfied,withtheworkfinishedaheadoftime.,(3)教授走进了教室，学生跟在身后。(4)这样的机会一旦失去了，恐怕不会再来了。(5)他静静地坐在那里，眼睛看着湖面。,Theprofessorcameintotheclassroom,followedbyhisstudents.,Oncelost,suchachancemightnevercomeagain.,Hesattheresilently,(with)hiseyesfixedonthelake.,1._inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose,配套练习,动词-ing或过去分词作状语,其逻辑主语应是主句主语。,2.If_thesametreatmentagain,hessuretogetwell.A.givingB.giveC.givenD.beinggiven,3._in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.A.BeingfoundedB.ItwasfoundedC.FoundedD.Founding,析:正确答案为C项。哈佛大学是1636年被建的,所以该空应填过去分词Founded作状语。,4._withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesntseembigatall.A.CompareB.WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared,5.When_,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted,析：正确答案为A项。博物馆是被完工的,所以该空应填过去分词completed作状语。,6.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun,析：正确答案为D项。分析语境逻辑可知，该空含义为“(这研究)一旦被开始”，因此应填过去分词begun作状语。,()7._moreattention,thetreecouldhavegrownbetter.A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven.()8.Thecomputercenter,_lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened,A,D,高考链接,()9._suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbet