网络仿真工具NS3的培训文档.ppt

ns-3Training,ComputerandCommunicationNetworkLabDepartmentofElectricalEngineeringNationalSunYat-SenUniversity5/13/2013,Topics,GettingStartedns-3Whatisns-3?InstallationAFirstns-3ScriptTwotutorialexamplesAsimpleexampleforthisprojectCompletetheremainingparts,2,GettingStartedns-3,Pleasereadthefollowingdocumentsns-3overview/docs/ns-3-overview.ppt/docs/ns-3-overview.pdfns-3Tutorial/docs/release/3.13/tutorial/ns-3-tutorial.pdfns-3Manual/docs/release/3.13/manual/ns-3-manual.pdf,Whatisns-3?,ns-3isadiscrete-eventnetworksimulatorforInternetsystemsns-3allowsresearcherstostudyInternetprotocolsandlarge-scalesystemsinacontrolledenvironmentns-3isanewsimulator(notbackwards-compatiblewithns-2)ns-3isafree,opensourcesoftwareprojectorganizedaroundresearchcommunitydevelopmentandmaintenancethetargetusercommunityisnetworkingresearchersandeducators,4,ExtensibleSoftwareCore,WritteninC+withoptionalPythoninterfaceextensivelydocumentedAPI(doxygen):/doxygen-release/index.html,5,NodeBasics,Anns-3Nodeisahuskofacomputertowhichapplications,stacks,andNICsareadded,6,TracingandStatistics,TracingisastructuredformofsimulationoutputExample(fromns-2):Problem:Tracingneedsvarywidelywouldliketochangetracingoutputwithouteditingthecorewouldliketosupportmultipleoutputs,7,ns-3HasANewTracingModel,ns-3solution:decoupletracesourcesfromtracesinksBenefit:Customizabletracesinks,8,Downloadingns-3,/Latestrelease:ns-3.16(2012/12/21),9,ProblemsunderWindows,CygwinorMinGWIfyoudouseCygwinorMinGWanduseLogitechproductsitcancauseCygwinorMinGWDLLstodieinmysteriouswayNotethatNSCisnotsupportedonOSXorCygwin.NetworkSimulationCradle,10,Buildingns-3(1/5),11,#./build.py,Buildingns-3(2/5),12,#./waf-doptimizedconfigurens-3usesthewafbuildsystem,Buildingns-3(3/5),13,#./waf-ddebugconfigure,Buildingns-3(4/5),14,#./test.py-ccore,Buildingns-3(5/5),15,RunningaScript,16,./waf-runhello-simulator,BuildingYourScript,17,#cpexamples/tutorial/first.ccscratch/myfirst.cc./waf,BuildingYourScript,18,#./waf-runscratch/myfirst,AFirstns-3Script,/ns-allinone-3.10/ns-3.10/examples/tutorialfirst.ccthird.cc,Boilerplate,Thefirstlineinthefileisanemacsmodeline.Thens-3simulatorislicensedusingtheGNUGeneralPublicLicense.,20,ModuleIncludes,Thecodeproperstartswithanumberofincludestatements././build/debug/ns3,21,Ns3Namespace,Thenextlineinthefirst.ccscriptisanamespacedeclaration.Logging,22,MainFunctions,Thenextlinesofthescriptyouwillfindare,23,ns3提供的log訊息分成了以下幾個等級：NS_LOG_ERRORLogerrormessages;NS_LOG_WARNLogwarningmessages;NS_LOG_DEBUGLogrelativelyrare,ad-hocdebuggingmessages;NS_LOG_INFOLoginformationalmessagesaboutprogramprogress;NS_LOG_FUNCTIONLogamessagedescribingeachfunctioncalled;NS_LOG_LOGICLogmessagesdescribinglogicalflowwithinafunction;NS_LOG_ALLLogeverything.NS_LOG_UNCONDLogtheassociatedmessageunconditionally.,TopologyHelpers,Createthens-3Nodeobjectsthatwillrepresentthecomputersinthesimulation.Weareconstructingapointtopointlink,24,TopologyHelpers,WewillneedtohavealistofalloftheNetDeviceobjectsthatarecreated,25,InternetStackHelper,ProtocolstacksinstalledonournodesTCP,UDP,IP,etc.Ipv4AddressHelpermaketheassociationbetweenanIPaddressandadevice,26,Applications,Twospecializationsofthecorens-3classApplicationcalledUdpEchoServerApplicationUdpEchoClientApplicationUdpEchoServerHelper,27,Applications,UdpEchoClientHelper,28,Simulator,Whatweneedtodoatthispointistoactuallyrunthesimulation.scheduledeventsinthesimulatorat1.0seconds,2.0secondsandtwoeventsat10.0seconds,29,BuildingYourScript,DropyourscriptintothescratchdirectoryNowbuildyourfirstexamplescriptusingwaf,30,BuildingYourScript,Youcannowruntheexample,31,BuildingaWirelessNetworkTopology,AddtheWifiandthemobilitymodulesThenetworktopologyillustrationfollows:,32,BuildingaWirelessNetworkTopology,Forenablingordisablingloggingcomponentsandforchangingthenumberofdevicescreated,33,BuildingaWirelessNetworkTopology,PartoftheWifinetworkConfigurethePHYandchannelhelpersYetAnotherNetworkSimulatorM.LacageandT.R.Henderson,“YetAnotherNetworkSimulator,”WNS2ns-2:TheIPNetworkSimulator,Italy,2006.,34,BuildingaWirelessNetworkTopology,CreateachannelobjectandassociateittoourPHYlayerobjectmanagerNqosWifiMacHelperobjecttosetMACparametersratecontrolalgorithmAARF(AdaptiveAuto-RateFallback)algorithm,35,BuildingaWirelessNetworkTopology,TheSSIDoftheinfrastructurenetworkCreatethewifidevicesofthesestations,36,BuildingaWirelessNetworkTopology,ConfiguretheAP(accesspoint)nodeSharesthesamesetofPHY-levelAttributes(andchannel)asthestations,37,BuildingaWirelessNetworkTopology,SetsomeAttributescontrollingthe“positionallocator”functionality,38,Thenumberofobjectslayedoutonaline.,BuildingaWirelessNetworkTopology,NeedtotellthemhowtomoveRandomWalk2dMobilityModelrandomdirectionrandomspeedRectangle(double_xMin,double_xMax,double_yMin,double_yMax),39,BuildingaWirelessNetworkTopology,WanttheaccesspointtoremaininafixedpositionduringthesimulationProtocolstacks,40,BuildingaWirelessNetworkTopology,assignIPaddressestothedeviceinterfaces,41,BuildingaWirelessNetworkTopology,EnableinternetworkroutingCreatejustenoughtracingtocoverallthreenetworks,42,BuildingaWirelessNetworkTopology,Runthesimulation,cleanupandthenexittheprogramOutput,43,Readthepcapfiles,44,Plotfigures,45,AnExampleofMANET,Reference/ns-allinone-3.10/ns-3.10/examples/wireless/wifi-hidden-terminal.cc,Codes(1/7),47,Codes(2/7),48,Codes(3/7),49,Codes(4/7),50,Codes(5/7),51,Codes(6/7),52,Codes(7/7),53,Result,54,Needtodo(1/3),Transmissionrangeofanodens3:RangePropagationLossModelMaxRangeNodemovingspeedns3:RandomWaypointMobilityModelSpeedPauseNodedata