独立主格结构讲解 (2)ppt课件

2.独立主格结构中的being和havingbeen常省略1）。Thefootballmatch(being)over,crowdsofpeoplepouredoutintothestreet.2).Nobody(being)in,Ididntenterthehall.3).Allthewindows(being)open,theairintheroomisfresher.4).Allthetickets(havingbeen)soldout,wehadtowaitforthenextweeksshow.,1,注意：1.)当独立主格中的beingdone表示“正在被做时”，being此时不可省。Foodbeingcooked,Ifellasleep.2).当独立主格结构的逻辑主语是it,there时，being常不省。Itbeingfine,wecangotothebeach.Therebeingnotimeleft,wehadtospeedup.,2,大多数的独立主格结构可以用“with+宾语+宾语补足语”来代替。1）。Helaytherethinking,hishandsbehindhishead.(=withhishandsbehindhishead)非谓语动词的独立主格结构：“名词或代词+非谓语动词”结构构成的独立主格结构称为非谓语动词的独立主格结构。不定式构成的独立主格结构（表示还未发生的行为或状态，在句中做原因状语、条件状语）Lotsofhomeworktodo,Ihavetostayathome.,3,动词-ing形式构成的独立主格结构：如动词-ing形式的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致时，就要用动词-ing形式的独立主格结构（在句中常做时间状语、原因、条件、方式状语）1）。表时间Theaudiencehavingseatedthemselves,theconcertbegan.2).表方式或伴随Thecowardwasbacking,hisfacebeingdeathlypale,towardanotherroom.,4,表原因Theguideleadingtheway,wehadnotroublegettingoutoftheforest.=Astheguideledtheway,表条件：Weatherpermitting,wewillgoonanoutingtothebeachnow.(=Ifweatherpermits)Suchbeingthecase,youhavenogroundsfordismissinghim.(=Ifsuchisthecase),5,动词-ed形式构成的独立主格结构（是由逻辑主语+动词-ed形式构成，常做时间、原因、伴随、条件状语）1）表时间Thetaskcompleted,wehadaglobaltraveling.=Thetaskhavingbeencompleted=Afterthetaskwascompleted,2).表方式或伴随Whenintrouble,Tomwouldsitalone,headbent.3)。表原因Thousandsofeyesfixeduponher,Maryfeltonedge.,6,=Asthousandsofeyeswerefixeduponher,.4).表条件Moretimeandmoneygiven,wecanfinishtheworkinadvance.(=Ifmoretimeandmoneyaregiven,)注意：不定式往往表示没有发生或即将发生动词-ing形式表示正在进行的动作或状态动词-ed形式表示已经完成和被动的行为,7,Somanywindowstoclean,Ihadtodevotethewholeafternoon.将要Allthewindowscleaned,Ihadagoodrest.完成、被动Thequestionbeingdiscussed,amancameupwithapracticalsolution.进行,8,Whilewalkingontheplayground,_.aballhitmeB.myheadwashitbyaballC.IwashitbyaballD.hewasbadlywounded2._,hewentouttoplaybasketball.TheexercisedoneB.ontheexercisesC.HavingbeendonetheexercisesD.Theexerciseshavingfinished,9,3._,therewardwasgiventohim.BeinghonestB.AsanhonestboyC.HebeinghonestD.Hewashonest4._nobus,wehadtogohomebybus.BeingB.TherebeingC.Therewas5_fine,wewentoutforapicnic.A.BeingB.ItbeingC.Itwas,10,1如果天气许可,我们就去参观长城2他开着窗睡着了3所有的书都卖光了,他们只好回家4房子里有两个房间,小的那个当书房5昨天晚上那里起火了,有几个人丧生,大多数逃离了火海,11,1.Weatherpermitting,wellgotovisittheGreatWall2Hefellasleepwiththewindowopen3Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,hehadtogohome4Therearetworoomsinthehouse,thesmallerofthemservingasastudyroom5Afirebrokeoutlastnight,afewmenkilled,mostbeingabletoescapefromthefire,12,独立主格结构：形式：npron+其他成分（dongdonetodon.adj.adv介词短语）在语法上是一个独立的短语，不是句子，在意思上依附于整个句子，相当于状语，表示时间、原因、条件、或伴随等情况。ItbeingSunday,theyhadnoclasses.Thesignalgiven,thetrainstarted.Thechildrenweremakingasnowman,handsredwithcold.Hesatinthechair,bookinhandandpipeinmouth.Ireceivedmanygifts,manyofthembooks.,原因,时间,伴随,伴随,13,Npron+doing/todo/done_,heislikedbyeveryone._(因为他很诚实),welikehim._,Ihadtodevotethewholeafternoon.(有这么多窗户要擦)_,Ihadagoodrest.(所有