2014英语(外国语)-上外考博入学试题

所有答案均写在答题纸上，写在本试卷或草稿纸上无效。 第 1 页 共 8 页 上海外国语大学上海外国语大学 2014 年博士研究生入学考试年博士研究生入学考试 英语（外国语）英语（外国语） 试题试题 （考试时间 180 分钟，满分 100 分，共 8 页） I. Grammar and Vocabulary (30%) Directions: From the four choices given, choose ONE to complete the sentence. Section A Grammar (15%, 1%) 1. I really wish I _ all my money on those shoes yesterday. A. havent spent B. didnt spend C. hadnt spent D. dont spend 2. _ that it closed after only a week. A. Such unpopular the exhibition was B. Such unpopular was the exhibition C. So unpopular the exhibition was D. So unpopular was the exhibition 3. His parents _ his homework every night before he could watch TV. A. made him do B. allowed him to do C. let him do D. allowed him do 4. _ wake up the baby, they spoke quietly. A. Not wanted to B. Not wanting to C. Not want to D. Wanting not to 5. If the concert _, we wouldnt have left early. A. was not boring B. hasnt been boring C. were not boring D. hadnt been boring 6. Many buildings were damaged by the hurricane, and a month later, they _. A. are still repairing B. are still repaired C. are still being repaired D. have repaired 7. Jeff had a terrible fight with his girlfriend, but they _ later when he apologized. A. made over B. made it over C. made up D. made up it 8. I saw Aliza yesterday. I _ at the library. A. ran into her B. ran her into C. ran her over D. ran in to her 9. _ are three early paintings by Picasso. A. Displaying in this room B. Displayed in this room C. To display in this room D. Have displayed in this room 10. Most students really do have topics _. A. in which they can speak B. with which they can speak C. to which they can speak D. on which they can speak 11. _ what is generally assumed, the adjustment to this kind of work is relatively easily made. A. Apart from B. Instead of C. Contrary to D. In addition to 所有答案均写在答题纸上，写在本试卷或草稿纸上无效。 第 2 页 共 8 页 12. I didnt hear my cell phone ring. I _ turned it on. A. could have B. should not have C. may have D. must not have 13. The hotel _ we stayed in had a private beach. A. where B. that C. at which D. wherever 14. After I take a big exam, I cant help _ until I see my grade. A. worry B. worried C. worrying D. to worry 15. Mary keeps talking about the partyshe had a very good time, _? A. hadnt she B. had she C. didnt she D. wasnt she Section B Vocabulary (15%, 1%) 1. The _ of the movie Titanic is that love is stronger than death. A. lesson B. message C. moral D. idea 2. We got all new kitchen _, including a stove, fridge, and microwave oven. A. appliances B. gadgets C. furniture D. tools 3. Vera is really _ about becoming a physicist and winning the Nobel Prize! A. anxious B. motivated C. determined D. ambitious 4. Janet will have _ for the new advertising campaign. A. obligation B. duty C. requirement D. responsibility 5. We need a(n) _ person to decide what is fair. A. uninterested B. indifferent C. disinterested D. stubborn 6. The novel was _ for a TV series. A. adapted B. adopted C. admired D. admitted 7. The subway _ in my city went up last month. A. price B. fare C. charge D. pay 8. It was a long, slow _ from Moscow to Beijing by train. A. crossing B. journey C. voyage D. travel 9. Many countries have emergency _ systems for natural disasters. A. advising B. telling C. warning D. supporting 所有答案均写在答题纸上，写在本试卷或草稿纸上无效。 第 3 页 共 8 页 10. You need to have a back-_ light in case the electricity goes off. A. over B. down C. on D. up 11. John and I are very _. Were both very active and love to be outdoors. A. controlling B. committed C. considerate D. compatible 12. All of the _ were wearing blue and white, their teams colors. A. audience B. viewers C. spectators D. visitors 13. Last year Dan changed his _ from chemistry to biology. A. major B. lesson C. course D. class 14. When I heard the womans _, I could tell that she came from the northern part of our country. A. language B. voice C. dialect D. accent 15. There was a _ accident here last night. Many people were killed or injured. A. fearful B. horrible C. frightened D. terrified II. Cloze Test (20%, 1%) Direction: Fill in each blank of the following passage with an appropriate word. It often appears that we have more to gain by speaking than by listening. One big advantage of speaking is that it gives you a chance to control others thoughts and actions. Whatever your goalto have a prospective boss hire you, to _(1) others to vote for the candidate of your _(2), or to describe the way you want your hair _(3)the key to success seems to be the _(4) to speak well. Another apparent advantage of speaking is the chance it provides to _(5) the admiration, respect, or liking of others. Tell jokes, and everyone will think youre a real _(6). Offer advice, and theyll be _(7) for your help. Tell them all you know, and theyll be _(8) by your wisdom. But keep quiet and it seems as if youll look like a _(9) nobody. Finally, talking gives you the chance to _(10) energy in a way that listening cant. When youre _(11), the chance to talk about your problems can often help you feel better. In the same way, you can often _(12) your anger by letting it out verbally. It is also helpful to _(13) your excitement with others by talking about it, for keeping it inside often _(14) you feeling as if you might burst. While it is true that talking does have many advantages, its important to realize that listening can _(15) listeners, too. As youll soon read, being a good listener is one good way to help others _(16) their problems; and what better way is there to 所有答案均写在答题纸上，写在本试卷或草稿纸上无效。 第 4 页 共 8 页 have others _(17) you? As for controlling others, it may be true that its hard to be persuasive while youre listening, but your _(18) to hear others out will often leave them _(19) to thinking about your ideas in return, like defensiveness, listening is often reciprocal: you get what you _(20). 1. A) guarantee B) persuade C) convince D) promise 2. A) associate B) relation C) choice D) opponent 3. A) cutting B) cut C) to cut D) being cut 4. A) adaptability B) probability C) flexibility D) capability 5. A) gain B) grasp C) receive D) acquire 6. A) master B) genius C) creator D) wit 7. A) thoughtful B) delightful C) grateful D) trustful 8. A) affected B) impressed C) influenced D) excited 9. A) fruitless B) priceless C) worthless D) senseless 10. A) reserve B) relieve C) remove D) release 11. A) disturbed B) discharged C) disposed D) disgusted 12. A) lessen B) decrease C) reduce D) compress 13. A) divide B) share C) distribute D) provide 14. A) makes B) causes C) leaves D) enables 15. A) interest B) favor C) benefit D) improve 16. A) from B) of C) beyond D) with 17. A) appreciate B) understand C) comprehend D) gratify 18. A) consciousness B) likeliness C) willingness D) eagerness 19. A) free B) open C) clear D) pure 20. A) lose B) exchange C) sacrifice D) give III. Reading Comprehension (10%, 1%) Directions: Read the following passages carefully and choose the best answer to each question. Passage 1 Insurance is the sharing of risks. Nearly everyone is exposed to risk of some sort. The house owner, for example, knows that his property can be damaged by fire; the ship owner knows that his vessel may be lost at sea; the breadwinner knows that he may die at an early age and leave his family the poorer. On the other hand, not every house is damaged by fire nor every vessel lost at sea. If these persons each put a small sum into a pool, there will be enough to meet the needs of the few who do suffer loss. In other words, the losses of the few are met from the contributions of the many. This is the basis of insurance. Those who pay the contribution are known as “insured” and those who administer the pool of contributions as “insurers”. Not all risks lend themselves to being covered by insurance. Broadly speaking, the ordinary risks of business and speculation cannot be covered. The risk that buyers will not buy goods at the prices offered is not of a kind that can be statistically estimatedand risks can only be insured against if they can be so estimated. The legal basis of all insurance is the “policy”. This is a printed form of contract 所有答案均写在答题纸上，写在本试卷或草稿纸上无效。 第 5 页 共 8 页 on stout paper of the best quality. It states that in return for the regular payment by the insured of a named sum of money, called the “premium”, which is usually paid every year, the insurer will pay a sum of money or compensation for loss, if the risk or event insured against actually happens. The wording of policies, particularly in marine insurance, often seems very old-fashioned, but there is a sound reason for this. Over a large number of years many law cases have been brought to clear up the meanings of doubtful phrases in policies. The law courts, in their judgments, have given these phrases a definite and indisputable meaning, and to avoid future disputes the phrases have continued to be used in policies even when they have paused out of normal use in speech. 1. According to this passage, insurance is possible because _. A. everyone at some time suffers loss B. only a small proportion of the insured suffer loss C. nearly everyone suffers loss D. only insured people suffer loss 2. The “basis of insurance” refers to _. A. the sharing of risks B. the administration of contributions C. the payment of contributions D. exposure to risks 3. By “the pool of contributions” the writer means _. A. money paid by the insured B. money paid by the insurers C. the cost of administering insurance D. the amount of each premium 4. The insurance of ordinary business risks is not possible because _. A. businessmen will not buy insurance B. the risks are too high C. the risks cannot be estimated D. the premiums would be too high 5. Old-fashioned wording is sometimes used in insurance policies because _. A. insurance is old-fashioned B. insurance has existed for a long time C. it enables ordinary people to understand it D. the meaning of such wording has been agreed upon Passage 2 After years of enduring tantalizing rumors that she would win the Nobel Prize for Literature, South African novelist Nadine Gordimer developed a pat response for nosy journalists: “I would say, If I ever win it, Ill let you know, and Id put the phone down.” Then one day in 1991, while standing in the kitchen, Gordimerwhose piercingly authoritative phone manner reflects the high moral seriousness of such books as Burgers Daughter and Julys Peoplereceived the call that ended the 所有答案均写在答题纸上，写在本试卷或草稿纸上无效。 第 6 页 共 8 页 speculation. “I was, of course, delighted,” she says. “Everybody must be when they get the Nobel Prize.” Delighted at first, that is. Caribbean poet Derek Walcott, who won the prize in 1992, recalls a similar burst of joy followed by a prolonged state of siege. “The phone rang endlessly, and a lot of invitations came. It was a really terrible time, not terrible in a bad sense but terrible in how exacting it is. For a while you cant work, because its so demanding.” What Walcott characterizes as the Nobels less than phenomenal influence on his book sales didnt make up for the chaotic fuss. What did soothe him, however, was the prize money, as he frankly and cheerfully admits. “It was almost a million dollars,” he recalls. “What Im really grateful for is the fact that I could build a very nice house in a very nice little bay in St. Lucia with a studio.” Once labeled a potential “kiss of death” by novelist Saul Bellow, after he won the prize in 1976, the Nobel can be a bittersweet distinction. For William Faulkner and Ernest Hemingway, the prize was a swan song, a tribute to past masterpieces whose greatness their subsequent work did not approach. For others, its just a very prestigious distraction. Polish poet Wislawa Szymborska, the 1996 laureate, complained that the prize destroyed her cherished privacy by turning her into an “official person.” According to Jonathan Galassi, editor in chief of Farrar, Straus and Giroux (Gordimers and Walcotts publisher), the prize can “inundate” a writer. “People,” he says, “want a piece of your ass even more than they did before.” Judging by the pace at which theyre working, both Gordimer and Walcott appear to be surviving the Nobel. Gordimers new novel, The House Gun, which comes out this month, is a tense post-apartheid family drama as vital as anything she has ever written. The protagonists are a white upper middle-class couple whove managed to glide through their countrys revolution without so much as a hair out of place. Then their adult son confesses to murder, and the stalled karmic wheels begin to turn. The story deftly brings home a tricky truth: peace can be as perilous as war, and even more confusing to negotiate. As a member of the African National Congress, Gordimer has always been a deeply political creature, both in her public life and in her writing, but the resolution of her nations great issue hasnt cooled her intellectual fires. With her son, documentary filmmaker Hugo Cassirer, shes currently working on a film that will contrast the recent histories of two long-divided but now reunified cities, Berlin and Johannesburg. Referring to the project, Gordimer may as well be speaking of her own experience with the Nobel: “Weve become fascinated by what happens after the initial euphoria, and how you deal with daily life.” Walcotts daily life is hectic. As the co-writer of the book and lyrics for Paul Simons long-awaited musical The Capeman, he has a Broadway opening this monthan unusually suspenseful opening. The Capeman, which tells the story of Salvador Agron, a Puerto Rican teen who killed two white youths in a Manhattan playground in 1959, has been plagued by a drumbeat of doomsaying in the New York media, last-minute changes and a postponed opening date. The Nobel curse may be chasing Walcott, but his productivity seems unaffected. His most recent book of poetry, The Bounty, was published last summer to good reviews, and his next booka 所有答案均写在答题纸上，写在本试卷或草稿纸上无效。 第 7 页 共 8 页 collection of his paintings accompanied by a long poemis due to appear later this year. The Nobel Prize isnt perfect. Not every great writer wins, and not every winner is a great writer. Still, the Nobel does bring the one thing every writer can always use, besides a nice house on a bay: self-confidence. “You could say, Oh, yes, it was time the prize was given to a black woman or to a Caribbean writer,” says Walcott. “But one likes to believe that it is based on merit, even it sounds flattering to say that.” Sometimes literatures kiss of death, it seems, can be the breath of life. 6. What annoyed Gordimer before she received the Nobel Prize? A. Speculation from the press. B. Lack of fame. C. Anxiety D. Heavy workload. 7. All the following are true of Walcott after receiving the Nobel Prize EXCEPT _. A. he was delighted to receive the Nobel Prize B. for a while he was mired in social activities C. with the prize money he could find a better place to live and work D. the Nobel didnt boost his book sales 8. Why does the writer mention Saul Bellow (paragraph. 3) ? A. To indicate the source of the term “kiss of death”. B. To imply that his subsequent work was a failure. C. To compare him with William Faulkner and Ernest He