新定语从句PPT课件

.,1,Fillintheblacks,1.Themanisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.2.Chinaisacountryhasalonghistory.3.Thebookmygrandmothergavemeiscalled“TheGreatEscape”.4.China,wasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.,who,which,that,which,WhatdothesesentenceshaveinCommon?,.,2,学习目标,1.理解定语从句的相关概念2.会正确使用关系代词和关系副词3.学会运用简单的定语从句,.,3,Step1.Self-directedstudy(自主学习),.,4,HaveadiscussionwithyourdeskmateandsolvethedifficultiesinI,II,III,IV.,StepIITeamwork(合作探究),.,5,一、定语从句概念：1、定语从句：在复合句中起定语作用，修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。其结构：先行词+关系代词（副词）+定语从句。2、先行词：定语从句所修饰的这一名词或代词叫先行词。3、关系代词和关系副词：引导定语从句的词称为关系代词和关系副词，放在先行词和定语从句之间，同时在定语从句中要作一定的成分。,.,6,e.g.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdresswhichIgaveher.先行词关系代词定语从句Ihaveafriendwholikeslisteningtoclassi先行词关系代词定语从句二、常见的关系代词和关系副词：关系代词有（6）who,whom,whose,which,that,as。关系副词有（3）when,where,why。,.,7,三、关系代词和关系副词的在定语从句中的作用：充当主语的关系代词：who，which，that，as。充当宾语的关系代词：whom，which,that，as。充当定语的关系代词：whose。其用法：whose既可指人，也可指物，whose+n.=n.+ofwhom/ofwhich。e.g.Thekettle,whosetop(=thetopofwhich=ofwhichthetop)islost,isofnouse.Hisparentswouldntlethimmarryanyone_familywaspoor.,whose,.,8,充当表语的关系代词：that，as。e.g.Heisnottheman_heusedtobe.A.whomB.whoC.thatD.what充当地点状语的关系副词：where。充当时间状语的关系副词：when。充当原因状语的关系副词:why。e.g.Thereareseveralreasonswhywecantdothat.,C,.,9,四、定语从句常见的考点：1.关系代词that与which的区别：that和which指物时，两者可以互换。但在下列情况中，只能用that，而不能用which。1)当先行词是不定代词all，everything，something，nothing，anything，any，much，little，few，none等时。Eg.HaveyoutakendowneverythingMr.Lisaid.2)先行词被序数词和形容词最高级修饰时。ThefirstplacetheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBenThisisthebestfilmIhaveeverseen.,that,that,that,.,10,3)先行词被theonly，thevery，thesame，thelast，all，any，much，every，each，few，little，no，some等修饰时。ThisistheverydictionaryIwanttobuy.4当先行词前面有who，which等疑问代词时Whoisthemanisstandingbythegate?5)先行词既有人又有物时。Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingstheyrememberatschool.,that,that,that,.,11,6)若同一个复合句里有两个定语从句，其中一个用which，另一个只能用that。e.g.Iamlookingforthedogwhichchasedthecatthatatethefish.只用which不用thate.g.Thesongtowhichheislisteningispopular.Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.a.介词+which引导定语从句时，不能用that。但介词放在从句的后面时，两者可以互换。b.引导非限制性定语从句时，只能用which,不能用that。,.,12,2.关系代词which与as的区别：两者都可指代主句中的一部分或整个句子，放在主句之后，两者可以互换，但which最佳。e.g.Sheisfondofsports,which/asweregladtohear.下列情况中两者不能互换：1)引导非限制性定语从句时,从句置于句首只能用as,不能用which。e.g.Asisknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.2)在thesameas,suchas,as/soas句型中不能用which。e.g.Ihadthesameexperienceasyouhad.Hereissoheavyaboxasnoonecanlift.,.,13,3.定语从句的结构。不论何种从句，其结构均为“关联词+从句主语+从句谓语。”必须明确，引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词均在定语从句中充当句子成分。e.g.1)Wevisitedafactory_makestoysforchildren.A.whereB.whichC.inwhichD.whose2)Isthisuniversity_youwishtovisit?A.whichB.thatC.theoneD.where3)Isthistheuniversity_youwishtovisit?A.whichB.whoC.theoneD.where,B,C,A,.,14,5)Thisissuchadifficultquestion_nobodycananswerit.A.asB.whichC.thatD.who,C,.,15,4.关系代词和关系副词的选择。定语从句是用关系代词引导，还是用关系副词引导，不是由先行词决定，而是由定语从句的结构需要决定的。e.g.1)Thisistheschool_theyvisitedtheotherday.A.thatB.whereC.towhichD.what2)Thedays_wespenttogetherarenoteasilyforgotten.A.whenB.onwhichC.inwhichD.which3)Thereason_hegaveforbeinglatesoundedreasonable.A.thatB.whyC.forwhichD.where,A,D,A,.,16,4)Itistheplayground_Ipickedupthewatch.A.whereB.atwhichC.thatD.fromwhere5)Itisontheplayground_Ipickedupthewatch.A.whereB.thatC.whenD.fromwhere6)AfterlivinginParisfor50years,hereturnedtothesmalltown_hegrewupasachild.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when,A,B,B,.,17,5.what可引导名词性从句，但不能引导定语从句。e.g.1)Thisisall_Iknowaboutthematter.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whether2)Illdo_Icantohelpyou.Whichiswrong?A.whatB.allthatC.allD.which,B,D,.,18,6.定语从句中的谓语动词必须与先行词的人称和数保持一致。e.g.1)I,who_yourfriend,shouldhelpyou.A.amB.isC.areDbe2)Themanwho_happyhimselfmakesothershappy.A.amB.isC.beD.are3)Mr.Smithistheonlyoneofthoseforeignerswho_inChina.A.workB.isworkingC.areworkingD.hadbeenworkingc.f.Heisoneofthestudentswho_(study)Englishwell.,A,B,B,study,.,19,7.引导定语从句，并在从句中作定语的关系代词只有whose,不能用which。e.g.1)Itwasameeting_importanceIdidntrealizeatthetime.A.whichB.atwhichC.whoseD.its2)Hisparentswouldntlethimmarryanyone_familywaspoor.A.ofwhomB.whomC.ofwhoseD.whose,C,D,.,20,8.两个主谓结构之间有无并列连词，可以帮助我们判断此句是并列句，还是含定语从句的复合句。e.g.1)Chinahasalotofislands,oneof_isTaiwan.A.itB.themC.whichD.that2)Therearefiftystudentsinourclass,andmost_areboys.A.ofwhomB.ofthemC.ofwhoD.ofwhich,C,B,.,21,9.that引导限制性定语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰它前面的整个句子。e.g.1)Hetoreupmyphoto,upsetme.2)Sheheardaterriblenoise,_broughtherheartintohermouth.(使她非常吃惊).A.itB.whichC.thisD.that