2012江苏专转本英语真题及答案

.江苏省 2012 年普通高校专转本统一英语考试第一卷（共 100 分）Part I Reading Comprehension(共 20 题，每题 2 分，共 40 分)Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.American researchers have developed a technique that may become an important tool in fighting AIDS. The technique stops the AIDS virus from attacking its target-cells in the bodys defense system. When AIDS virus enters the blood, it searches for blood cells called T4 lymphocytes（淋巴细胞）. The virus connects to the outside of T4 lymphocytes, then forces its way inside. There it directs the cells genetic（基因的） material to produce copies of the AIDS virus. This is how AIDS spreads.Researchers think they may be able to stop AIDS from spreading by preventing virus from connecting to T4 cells. When AIDS virus finds a T4 cell, it actually connects to a part of the cell called CD4 protein.Researchers want to fool the virus by putting copies or clones of the CD4 protein into the blood. This way the AIDS virus will connect to the cloned protein instead of the real ones. Scientists use the genetic engineering methods to make the clones. Normally a CD4 protein remains on the T4 cell at all times. The AIDS virus must go to it.In a new technique, however, the cloned CD4 protein is not connected to a cell. It floats freely, so many more can be put into the blood to keep the AIDS virus away from real CD4 proteins on T4 cells. One report says the AIDS virus connects to the cloned proteins j ust as effectively as to real protein. That report was based on tests with blood cells grown in labs. The technique is just now beginning t o be tested in animals. If successful, it may be tested in humans within a year.1. The new technique can _.A. cure AIDSB. kill the AIDS virusC. prevent the AIDS virus from spreadingD. produce new medicines for AIDS2. When the AIDS virus enters the blood, it is reproduced by _.A. the inside of the virus itselfB. any blood cells in the bodyC. the CD4 proteinD. the genetic material of T4 cells3 The AIDS virus connects to cloned proteins instead of to the real ones because _.A.the cloned proteins stay on the T4 cells B.the cloned proteins can float freely in the blood C.it connects to cloned proteins more effectively than to the real ones D.the cloned proteins are made by genetic engineering methods 4. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The new technique has been tested in labs.B. The new technique is being tested in animals.C. The new technique may be tested in humans.D. The new technique is now under clinical test.5 Which of the following could be the best title of this passage?A. AIDS-a Fatal Disease.B. A New Technique in fighting AIDS.C. A Report on the Spread of AIDS Virus.D. The Technique of Cloned CD4 Protein.Passage TWOQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.During the early ears of last century, wheat was seen as the very lifeblood of Western Canada. When the crops were good, the economy was good; when the crops failed, there was depression. People on city streets watched the yields and the price of wheat with almost as much feeling as if they wee growers. The marketing of wheat became an increasingly favorite topic of conversation.War set the stage for the most dramatic events in marketing the western crop. For years, farmers mistrusted speculative（投机的） grain selling as carried on through the Winnipeg Grain Exchange. Wheat prices were generally low in the autumn, but farmers could not wait for markets to improve. It had happened too often that they sold their wheat soon after harvest when farm debts were coming due(到期)，only to see prices rising and speculators getting rich. On various occasions, producer groups asked for firmer controls, but governments had no wish to become involved, at least not until wartime wheat prices threatened to run wild.Anxious to check(控制) inflation(通货膨胀) and rising living costs, the federal government appointed a board(董事会) of grain supervisors to handle deliveries from the crops of 1917 and 1918. Grain Exchange trading was suspended (暂停) and farmers sold at prices fixed by the board. To handle the crop of 1919, the government appointed the first Canadian Wheat Board, with full authority to buy, sell, and set prices.6. The author uses the term “lifeblood”(Line1, para1.) to indicate that wheat was _.A. difficult to produce in large quantitiesB. was easily affected by animals and plantsC. essential to the health of the countryD. expensive to gather and transport7.According to the passage, most farmers debts had to be paid _. A. when the autumn harvest had just been completed B. because wheat prices were high C. as soon as the Winnipeg Grain Exchange demanded payment D, when crop failure caused depression 8.According to the passage, wheat prices became uncontrolled because of conditions caused by _. A. farmersB. supervisorsC. weatherD. war9. The word “check” (Line 1, Para.3) could best be replaced by which of the following?A. controlB. investigateC. financeD. reinforce10. According to the passage, a preliminary step in the creation of the Canadian Wheat Board was the appointment of _.A. the Winnipeg Grain ExchangeB. a board of supervisorsC. several producer groupsD. a new governmentPassage ThreeQuestions 10 to 15 are based on the following passage.Yellowstone Park is visited by two million people every summer and is the oldest, largest and most visited wilderness in the world. All are welcome and are invited on arrival to leave their cars and explore on foot. Yellowstone, a national park for ever 100 years, lies in the State of Wyoming, to the east of the Rocky Mountain. It is also in the center of the North American continent, midway between the equator and the North Pole, at a height of over 2300 meters. The very cold winter in this area closes the park around mid-November and lasts until April or even May. In February thetemperature falls as low as 60F degree below freezing, and the animals that spend winter in the park are best able to live in the conditions such as bison, wapiti, beavers and otters. Fortunately, the area around the hot springs and geysers becomes a centrally heated oasis(绿洲) in the desert of snow, providing warmth and a certain mount of food for the animals. Bison used to go around the plains in their millions until they were hunted almost to extinction(灭绝) by white men with guns. In 1900 only two dozen of them remained in the park. However, since they become a protected animal, their numbers have risen to over two thousand. The end of winter is the most dangerous time for the animals as food becomes even less and they take great risks(冒险) to find it, such as walking across thin ice. This period is known as “winterkill”, when many of the weak and the old die, often from being too tired out, thus providing food for scavengers such as the coyote (a kind of wolf). With the arrival of summer, plants reappear and the animals fill themselves with rich food. The young grow strong and the tourists return to enjoy the warmth or 4 months before Yellowstone Park freezes over again.11 Bison used to go in danger. With the protection, the number is _ now.A. falling downB. going upC. staying the sameD. becoming less12The Rocky Mountains are _A. in the center of WyomingB. to the west of Yellowstone ParkC. in the north of Yellowstone ParkD. to the east of Yellowstone Park13Which of the following is NOT an animal?A. otterB. beaverC. geysersD. coyote14.At the end of the 19th century_.A. bison ran around the plains in their millionsB. bison were hunted almost to extinctionC. bison became a kind of protected animalD. their number rose more than 20015.From the text, we can know that “ scavengers in the last paragraph are_A.animals which feed on other dead animals B.places where water comes naturally from the ground C.birds which live in grass seeds D. animals which always eat as much as possible Passage FourQuestions 15 to 20 are based on the following passage.What is your favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange, red? If you do, you must be an optimist(乐观者), a leader, an active person who enjoy life, people and excitement. Do you prefer grays and blues? Then you are probably quiet, shy and you would rather follow than lead. If you love green, you are strong-minded and determined. You wish to succeed and want other people to see you are successful. At least this is what psychologist(心理学家) tell us and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of color preference, and the effect that colors have on human beings. They tell us that we dont choose our favourite color as we grow up. If you happen to love brown, you did so as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly. A yellow room makes us feel more cheerful and more comfortable than a dark green one, and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand, black is depressing(压抑). Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active. It is a fact that factory workers work better, harder and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or dark gray. Remember, then, that if you feel low, you can always brighten your day or your life with a new shirt or a few colorful things. Remember also that you will know your friends and your enemies better when you find out what colors they like and dislike. And dont forget that anyone can guess a lot about your character when you choose a piece of handkerchief or a lampshade. 16. From this passage we learn that an active person would prefer those colors_.A. red, green and yellow B. gray, blue or dark C. orange, yellow or red D. yellow, orange or red17 bright colored room can _ ones mood.A. depressB. bright C. happyD. cheer up18Knowing the color preference can help one _ in their social life.A. understand the other people moreB. affect other people moreC. cheer up other people moreD. study better19In a factory, in order to reduce accidents or make the workers morehappily, it is better to have the machines painted_.A. redB. whiteC. grayD. orange20The main idea of this passage is_.A. ones color preference shows ones characterB you can brighten your life with wonderful colorsC.psychologists have been studying the meaning of color preference D.ones color preference has something to do with his character and colors have effects on human beings Part II Vocabulary and Structure (共 40 小题，每小题 1 分，共 40 分)Directions; In this part there are forty incomplete sentences. Each sentence is followed by four choices. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and then mark your answer on the Answer sheet.21 My best friends in a bad mood. How about _ her some flowers?A. givingB. givenC. to giveD. give22On my birthday I got a watch from my uncle, _ was made in Japan.A. whoB. thatC. whichD. what23The news came as no surprise to me, for I _ of it earlier.A. hearB. heardC. have heardD. had heard24 Why are they pulling down the houses? _ a new parking lot.A. BuildB. To buildC. BuildingD. Built25I _ on a sofa because my parents have come for the weekend.A. sleptB. was sleepingC. have sleptD. am sleeping26.Last winter was extremely cold. , most people say it was the coldest winter of their lives.A.At lastB. As a resultC. In a wordD. In fact27.I passed by the sports field the other day,_there was a football match going on then.A.thatB. whereC. winchD. when28.It was a great party, thank you. But Jill, why_ youmore friends to come?A.havent invited B. dont inviteC.didnt inviteD. wont invite29.He failed the mid-term examination and only then_how much time he had wasted.A.he realizedB. did he realizeC. he had realizedD. had he realized30.I hadentered the classroom when I noticed the headmaster was sittingat the back.A.stillB. yetC. soonerD. hardly31The most popular food for foreigners _ on any menu in Beijing is roast duck.A. includeB. includingC. to includeD. included32The mother, along with her two daughters,_ from the sinking aircraft by a passing ship.A. have rescuedB. have been rescuedC. has rescuedD. has been rescued33_ every mistake you make, youll lose half a mark.A. ForB. AtC. ToD. By34This painting is splendid, but _ we actually need it is a different matter.A. thatB. whatC. whetherD. how35Thank you, but Ill have to _ your offer.A. turn awayB. turn downC. turn backD. turn off36It was with great joy _ he received the news that his best friend would come to BeijingAbecauseBwhichCsinceDthat37Jane went off to the party with her husband, _ a happy evening of wine, food and songAexpectedBexpectingCto expectDexpects38Excuse meIs this the right way to the Summer Palace?Sorry, Im not sureBut it _ beAmightBwillCmustDcan39Shirley said that she would have a two-week holiday in July, _ I think, is impossibleAitBthatCwhenDwhich40Although she doesnt like to live in the country, _ , she goes there for a picnicAonce upon a timeBsome timeConce in a whileDfrom now on41.- Are we about to have a dinner?- Yes, it _ in the dinning room.A. is being servedB. is servingC. has servedD. has been serving42. - Id like to buy an expensive sports car.- Well, Mike, we have got several models_.A. to be chosen fromB. to chooseC. to choose fromD. to be chosen43. A fence at the back of the garden _ us from the neighbours.A. separatedB. dividedC. concludedD. connected44. There is a _ between two acts in the play.A. stopB. timeC. breakD. end45. - Is your camera like Bills and Anns?- No, but its almost the same as _.A. herB. yoursC. themD. their46. A thief is a danger to _.A. societyB. the societyC. societiesD. a society47.The cost of one day in the hospital in this city can run _ 250 dollars.A. as high toB. so high toC. so high asD. as high as48.If you keep on, youll succeed _.A. in timeB. at one timeC. at the same timeD. on time49.Is _ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?A. nowB. manC. thatD. it50.The plant is dead. I _ it more water.A. will giveB. would have givenC. must giveD. should have given51. _ this material can be used in our factory has not been studied yet.A. WhichB. WhatC. ThatD. Whether52._ school_ it began raining. A. As soon as we reached; then B. As soon as we had reached; then C. No sooner did we reach; whenD. No sooner had we reached; then 53.If it _ fine tomorrow, we would go for a swim in the sea. A. will beB. should beC. isD. were to54. The boy you referred _ is far ahead _ everyone else in the class.A. to; toB. to; ofC. at; withD. at; from55. -Hows the young man?- _.A. He is twentyB. Hes a doctorC. Hes much betterD. Hes David56. As soon as he entered the room, he took _ his cap and sat down.A. offB. outC. awayD. down57. -What are you doing?- Im looking _ the children. They should be back for lunch now.A. afterB. atC. forD. up58. The teacher told the class to _ their books.A. put awayB. put byC. put onD. put up59.I asked him to _ me a few minutes so that we could go over all the problems.A. spendB. saveC. spareD. share60.Mother _ us stories when we were young.A. was used to tellB. is used to tellingC. used to tellD. used to tellingPart Three Cloze (共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分)Directions: There are twenty blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices. Choose the one that best fits into the passage and then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.What makes a child speak a language has long been a puzzle to linguists (语言学家). 61 speaking, there are two schools of linguists, both of 62 try to explain 63a child picks up a language so easily. The fact that a child picks up a language64 is surprising: at one year old, a child is able to65bye-bye; at two, he is able to use fifty words; by three he begins to 66tenses. The famous American linguist Noam Chomsky67 that human beings have a sort of built-in system for language use, and that the 68 is only secondary. Children are not taught language 69 they are taught arithmetic. Other linguists,70, hold the view that a child learns71 of his language from the hints in the environment.72, theorists of both schools73that there is a biological basis for language and language use. The74is which is more important, the inner ability or the environment. This is certainly a field 75to be explored. Researchers from both schools are busy finding evidence to76their own theory, but77 side is persuading the other. It seems that in order to78 why a child learns a language so easily, we have to79 the joint efforts of both schools. Some linguists, like De Villier