中国建设银行江苏省分行“乾元”保

ViralHemorrhagicFever,广州网站建设,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,WhatisViralHemorrhagicFever?,SeveremultisystemsyndromeDamagetooverallvascularsystemSymptomsoftenaccompaniedbyhemorrhageRarelylifethreateninginitselfIncludesconjunctivitis,petechia,echymosis,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,Overview,OrganismHistoryEpidemiologyTransmissionDiseaseinHumansDiseaseinAnimalsPreventionandControl,TheOrganisms,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,ViralHemorrhagicFever,VirusesoffourdistinctfamiliesArenavirusesFilovirusesBunyavirusesFlavivirusesRNAvirusesEnvelopedinlipidcoatingSurvivaldependentonananimalorinsecthost,forthenaturalreservoir,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,Classification,Arenaviridae,JuninvirusMachupovirusGuanaritovirusLassavirusSabiavirus,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,ArenaviridaeHistory,Firstisolatedin19331958:Juninvirus-ArgentinaFirsttocausehemorrhagicfeverArgentinehemorrhagicfever1963:MachupovirusBoliviaBolivianhemorrhagicfever1969:LassavirusNigeriaLassafever,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,ArenaviridaeTransmission,VirustransmissionandamplificationoccursinrodentsShedvirusthroughurine,feces,andotherexcretaHumaninfectionContactwithexcretaContaminatedmaterialsAerosoltransmissionPerson-to-persontransmission,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,ArenaviridaeEpidemiology,AfricaLassaSouthAmericaJunin,Machupo,Guanarito,andSabiaContactwithrodentexcretaCasefatality:535%ExplosivenosicomialoutbreakswithLassaandMachupo,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,ArenaviridaeinHumans,Incubationperiod1014daysFeverandmalaise24daysHemorrhagicstageHemorrhage,leukopenia,thrombocytopeniaNeurologicsigns,Bunyaviridae,RiftValleyFevervirusCrimean-CongoHemorrhagicFevervirusHantavirus,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,BunyaviridaeHistory,1930:RiftValleyFeverEgyptEpizooticinsheep1940s:CCHF-CrimeanpeninsulaHemorrhagicfeverinagriculturalworkers1951:HantavirusKoreaHemorrhagicfeverinUNtroops5generawithover350viruses,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,BunyaviridaeTransmission,ArthropodvectorExceptionHantavirusesRVFAedesmosquitoCCHFIxodidtickHantavirusRodentsLesscommonAerosolExposuretoinfectedanimaltissue,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,BunyaviridaeEpidemiology,RVF-AfricaandArabianPeninsula1%casefatalityrateCCHF-Africa,EasternEurope,Asia30%casefatalityrateHantavirus-NorthandSouthAmerica,EasternEurope,andEasternAsia1-50%casefatalityrate,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,BunyaviridaeHumans,RVFIncubationperiod2-5days0.5%-HemorrhagicFeverCCHFIncubationperiod3-7daysHemorrhagicFever-36daysfollowingclinicalsignsHantavirusIncubationperiod721daysHPSandHFRS,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,BunyaviridaeAnimals,RVFAbortion100%Mortalityrate90%inyoung5-60%inolderanimalsCCHFUnapparentinfectioninlivestockHantavirusesUnapparentinfectioninrodents,Filoviridae,MarburgvirusEbolavirus,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,FiloviridaeHistory,1967:MarburgvirusEuropeanlaboratoryworkers1976:EbolavirusEbolaZaireEbolaSudan1989and1992:EbolaRestonUSAandItalyImportedmacaquesfromPhilippines1994:EbolaCtedIvoire,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,FiloviridaeTransmission,ReservoirisUNKNOWNBatsimplicatedwithMarburgIntimatecontactNosicomialtransmissionReuseofneedlesandsyringesExposuretoinfectioustissues,excretions,andhospitalwastesAerosoltransmissionPrimates,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,FiloviridaeEpidemiology,MarburgAfricaCasefatality23-33%Ebola-Sudan,ZaireandCtedIvoireAfricaCasefatality53-88%EbolaRestonPhilippinesPatternofdiseaseisUNKOWN,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,FiloviridaeHumans,MostseverehemorrhagicfeverIncubationperiod:410daysAbruptonsetFever,chills,malaise,andmyalgiaHemorrhageandDICDeatharoundday711Painfulrecovery,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,FiloviridaeAnimals,HemorrhagicfeverSameclinicalcourseashumansEbolaRestonHighprimatemortality-82%,Flaviviridae,DenguevirusYellowFevervirusOmskHemorrhagicFevervirusKyassnurForestDiseasevirus,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,FlaviviridaeHistory,1648:YellowFeverdescribed17th20thcenturyYellowFeverandDengueoutbreaks1927:YellowFevervirusisolated1943:Denguevirusisolated1947OmskHemorrhagicFevervirusisolated1957:KyasanurForestvirusisolated,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,FlaviviridaeTransmission,ArthropodvectorYellowFeverandDenguevirusesAedesaegyptiSylvaticcycleUrbancycleKasanurForestVirusIxodidtickOmskHemorrhagicFevervirusMuskraturine,feces,orblood,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,FlaviviridaeEpidemiology,YellowFeverVirusAfricaandAmericasCasefatalityratevariesDengueVirusAsia,Africa,Australia,andAmericasCasefatalityrate1-10%KyasanurForestvirusIndiaCasefatalityrate35%OmskHemorrhagicFevervirusEuropeCasefatlityrate0.53%,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,FlaviviridaeHumans,YellowFeverIncubationperiod36daysShortremissionDengueHemorrhagicFeverIncubationperiod25daysInfectionwithdifferentserotypeKyasanurForestDiseaseOmskHemorrhagicFeverLastingsequela,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,FlaviviridaeAnimals,YellowFevervirusNon-humanprimatesvaryingclinicalsignsDenguevirusNon-humanprimatesNosymptomsKyasanurForestDiseaseVirusLivestockNosymptomsOmskHemorrhagicFeverVirusRodentsNosymptoms,DiseaseinHumans,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,ClinicalSymptoms,DifferslightlydependingonvirusInitialsymptomsMarkedfeverFatigueDizzinessMuscleachesExhaustion,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,ClinicalSymptoms,MoresevereBleedingunderskinPetechiae,echymoses,conjunctivitisBleedingininternalorgansBleedingfromorificesBloodlossrarelycauseofdeath,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,Diagnosis,SpecimensmustbesenttoCDCU.S.ArmyMedicalResearchInstituteofInfectiousDisease(USAMRIID)SerologyPCRIHCViralisolationElectronmicroscopy,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,Treatment,SupportivetreatmentRibavirinNotapprovedbyFDAEffectiveinsomeindividualsArenaviridaeandBunyaviridaeonlyConvalescent-phaseplasmaArgentineHF,BolivianHFandEbolaStrictisolationofaffectedpatientsisrequiredReporttohealthauthorities,PreventionandControl,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,PreventionandControl,AvoidcontactwithhostspeciesRodentsControlrodentpopulationsDiscouragerodentsfromenteringorlivinginhumanpopulationsSafecleanupofrodentnestsanddroppingsInsectsUseinsectrepellentsProperclothingandbednetsWindowscreensandotherbarrierstoinsects,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,PreventionandControl,VaccineavailableforYellowfeverExperimentalvaccinesunderstudyArgentineHF,RiftValleyFever,HantavirusandDengueHFIfhumancaseoccursDecreaseperson-to-persontransmissionIsolationofinfectedindividuals,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,PreventionandControl,ProtectiveclothingDisposablegowns,gloves,masksandshoecovers,protectiveeyewearwhensplashingmightoccur,orifpatientisdisorientedoruncooperativeWHOandCDCdevelopedmanual“InfectionControlforViralHemorrhagicFeversIntheAfricanHealthCareSetting”,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,ProtectiveequipmentwornbyanurseduringEbolaoutbreakinZaire,1995,CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,PreventionandControl,AnyonesuspectedofhavingaVHFmustuseachemicaltoiletDisinfectanddisposeofinstrumentsUsea0.5%solutionofsodiumhypochlorite(1:10dilutionofbleach),CenterforFoodSecurityandPublicHealthIowaStateUniversity-2004,VHFAgentsasBiologicalWeapons,Outbreakofundifferentiatedfebrileillness2