William-Faulkner-(1897-1962)福克纳.ppt

WilliamFaulkner,WilliamFaulkner,WilliamFaulkner(1897-1962)wasanAmericanwriterofnovels,shortstories,poetryandoccasionalscreenplays.,FaulknerisconsideredoneofthemostimportantwritersoftheSouthernLiteratureoftheUnitedStates.Heisprimarilyknownandacclaimedforhisnovelsandshortstories,manyofwhicharesetinthefictionalYoknapatawphaCounty,asettingFaulknercreatedbasedonLafayetteCounty,wherehespentmostofhischildhood.,SouthernLiterature,TheSouth:theDeepSouth:SouthCarolina,Georgia,Florida,Alabama,Tennessee,Mississippi,LouisianatheextendedSouth,includingalsotheborderstatessuchasKentucky,Maryland,NorthCarolina,Virginia,WestVirginia,ArkansasandTexas,AmericanSouthernLiterature一般是指美国南北战争后出现在南方的一种严肃而带有悲剧性的文学,它也被称为南方文艺复兴(SouthernRenaissance)AmericansouthernliteraturecandatebacktoEdgarAllenPoe,andreachitssummitwiththeappearanceofthetwo“giants”FaulknerandWolfe.TherearesouthernwomenwritersKatherineAnnePorter,EudoraWelty,andFlanneryOConnor.,Characteristics,thearistocraticlifestyleonthePlantation;indefenseoforcriticizingtheslavery;thesuperiorityoftheWhite;anostalgicfeelingtotheprosperouspast.南方作家重视家庭、宗教和传统道德观念,对南方的过去和现在有着深刻思考,重农轻工,对工业文明有强烈疏远和排斥.,SouthernRenaissance,Inthe20thcentury,southernliterature,becamenotonlydistinguishedbutverydiverse,yetithasoftenlaidstressonregionalism.By1920s,aliterarymovementknownastheSouthernRenaissanceemerged.Therewasadominationofsouthernlit.foratleast4decadesinAmericanLiterature.,Southernrenaissance,Representatives:EllenGlasgow艾伦格拉司戈,KateChopin凯特肖邦:precursorstothemovementWilliamFaulkner威廉福克纳KatherineAnnePorter凯瑟琳安波特,EudoraWelt尤多拉韦尔蒂,CarsonMcCullers艾伦格拉司戈TennesseeWilliams威廉斯泰伦,FlanneryOConner弗兰纳丽奥康纳,ThomasWolfe托马斯沃尔夫.,YoknapatawphaCountyisafictionalcountycreatedbyWilliamFaulkner,baseduponandinspiredbyLafayetteCounty,MississippianditscountyseatofOxford,Mississippi.FaulknerwouldoftenrefertoYoknapatawphaCountyasmyapocryphalcounty.TheYoknapatawphasaga(“约克纳帕托法世系”小说)theriseandfallofsouthernaristocraticfamilies:TheCompsonsinThesoundsandthefury.,LifeandCareer,NewAlbany,Mississippi(1897)(withaprominentgreat-grandfather,ColonelWilliamFaklner)Oxford,LafayetteCounty(1902)RoyalFlyingCorpsinCanada(1918)ThehelpofPhilipStoneandSherwoodAnderson,LifeandCareer,1925,firstnovelpublished,SoldiersPay军饷1929,twonovels:Sartoris,TheSoundandtheFury1929-1942,mostproductive:2short-storycollections,avolumeofpoetry,11novelsEarly1940s,forgottenbythepublic1945,asecondrisetofame,higherthanthefirst1950,NobelPrizeforLit.,MajorWorks,19novelsand4volumesofshortstories(75),twovolumesofpoetry.WilliamFaulknersworksareregardedasthesummitofSouthernliterature.,TheSoundandTheFury(1929)喧嚣与骚动Describesthedecayanddownfallofanoldsouthernaristocraticfamily,symbolizingtheoldsocialorder.AsILayDying(1930)我弥留之际Sanctuary(1931)圣殿LightinAugust(1932)八月之光Absalom,Absalom(1936)押沙龙！押沙龙！Setinearly19th-cent.Jefferson,showsthetragicdownfallofthedynasticdesiresoftheplanterColonelSutpenGoDown,Moses(1942)去吧，摩西,Shortstories,Hisfirstshortstorycollection,These13(1931),includesmanyofhismostacclaimed(andmostfrequentlystories,includingARoseforEmily,RedLeaves,ThatEveningSun,andDrySeptember.,Poetry,Faulknerwrotetwovolumesofpoetrywhichwerepublishedinsmallprintings,TheMarbleFaun大理石牧神(1924)andAGreenBough绿枝(1933),“Lifesbutawalkingshadow,apoorplayer,/Thatstrutsandfretshishouruponthestage,/Andthenisheardnomore;itisatale/Toldbyanidiot,fullofsoundandfury,/Signifyingnothing”.(Macbeth),Majorthemes:Hereis“atale/Toldbyanidiot,fullofsoundandfury,/Signifyingnothing.”人生如痴人说梦，充满着喧哗与骚动，却没有任何意义1.Thespiritualdeteriorationwhichcharacterizesmodernlifestemsfromthelossofloveandwantofemotionalresponse.2.Thestoryalsotellsastoryofdeteriorationfromthepasttothepresentandtheauthoridealizesthepast.,StyleandTechniques,A.streamofconsciousness&interiormonologueB.Multiplenarrators:multiplepointsofviewC.DisruptionoftimesequenceD.Open-endedness,Awards,Oneofthreefinalist