unit4定语从句.ppt

AttributiveClause,定语从句,hand,handswhicharetappingthekeyboard,ahandwhichholdsaflower,（先行词）,（先行词）,关系词,关系词,定语从句,定语从句,AttributiveClause,AttributiveClause,定语从句：,由一个句子充当定语,从句的位置：,在名词或代词后,先行词：被定语从句修饰的词,关联词：,引导定语从句的词关系代词关系副词,Thepig_iswearingahatiscalledMaidou.,WhoisMaidou?,who,WhoisKongfuPanda?,KongfuPandaisapandafatherisaduck.,whose,WhatdoyouthinkofKongfuPanda?,ItisthemostlovelypandaIhaveeverseen.,that,Thehouses_roofsareofdifferentcolorsandshapesarethedreamhousesforkindergartenkids.,whose,WhichoneisHarryPorter?,Theboy_isHarryPorter.,whoiswearingglasses,关联词的作用：(1)引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词(2)在从句中作一成份(3)代替先行词在从句中的位置,句子成分：主语-谓语动词前;宾语-介词或及物动词后；表语-be动词后或系动词后；状语-时间状语、地点状语、原因状语，etc.,2.Iknowthereasonthatheexplainedinthemeeting.(_做关系代词,修饰先行词_,关系代词在从句中作_.),1.ThestudentwhoansweredthequestionwasJohn.(_做关系代词引导定语从句,修饰先行词_,关系代词在从句中用作_.),4.Idlikearoomwhosewindowlooksoutoverthesea.(_做关系代词,修饰先行词_,关系代词在从句中用作_),3.Theboy(whom)youaretalkingtoismybrother.(_做关系代词,修饰先行词_,关系代词在从句中作_.),who,student,主语,that,reason,宾语,whom,boy,宾语,whose,room,定语,1.Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigearthquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.,2.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.,3.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.,4.Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometerslongandthirtymeterswidecutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals.,5.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan400,000.,1.Doyouhaveanything(thatisimportant)totellme?2.Ihavesomebooksthatareverygood.3.ThisisthefirstbookthatIboughtmyself.4.ThisistheverybookthatIlostyesterday.5.IwontforgetthethingsandthepersonsthatIsaw.6.Maryhasabook,whichisveryprecious.7.Thisisahouseinwhichlivesanoldman.8.ThatdogwhichIfoundinthestreetbelongstoMary.,用定语从句翻译下列句子,1.这是我读过的最难的一本书。2.昨天跟你谈话的那个人证实是个贼。3.这位刚从国外回来的篮球明星引起了公众的注意。4.Peter住在一间窗户向南的房子。任何反对这个计划的人都可以大声说出自己的意见。6.我们班上还有几位同学不太清楚定语从句的用法。,这是我读过的最难的一本书。昨天跟你谈话的那个人证实是个贼。3.这位刚从国外回来的篮球明星引起了公众的注意。,ThisisthemostdifficultbookthatIhaveeverread.,Thepersonwhoyoutalkedtoyesterdayprovedtobeathief.,Thebasketballstar,whojustcamebackfromabroad,attractedthepublicsattention.,Peter住在一间窗户向南的房子。5.任何反对这个计划的人都可以大声说出自己的意见。6.我们班上还有几位同学不太清楚定语从句的用法。,Peterlivesinahousewhosewindowfacessouth.,Thereareseveralstudentsinourclasswhoarestillnotsureabouttheuseofattributiveclauses.,Anyonewhoisagainstthisplancanspeakoutyouropinion.,1.Thisistheonlybook_Igotlastyear.2.Isthisthebookin_youareinterested?3.Thisisthelargestanimal_Tomsawinthezoo.4.Rosestillremembersthetreesandteachers_exist(存在)inthemotherschool.5.Allthedesks_areboughtlookreallywonderful.6.Doyouhaveanymoney_isusedtobuildthefactory?7.Tomhasatoy,_wasgivenbyhisfather.8.Thisisthesecondwatch_myfatherboughtforme.,that,which,that,that,that,that,which,that,1.Mymotherhasagoodbook,whichcoverlooksterrible.2.Whoaretheyounggirlswhoarehavingdinnerintherestaurant?3.Sheisoneofthegirlswhoisveryinterestedinmaths.4.Tomistheonlyoneoftheboyswholikeplayingfootball.5.Whoisthegirlthatyoutalkedtoherjustnow?6.Thisistheverypenthatyougaveittomebefore.7.Thereisanoldwoman,thatisholdingastick.,whose,that,are,likes,who,（二）关系副词的用法：,1、when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有：time,day,morning,night,week,year等。如：IstillrememberthetimewhenIfirstbecameacollegestudent.DoyouknowthedatewhenLincolnwasborn?,2、where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常有：place,spot,street,house,room,city,town,country等，如：Thisisthehotelwheretheyarestaying.IforgetthehousewheretheSmithslived.,3、why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。例如：Thatisthereasonwhyheisleavingsosoon.,time,时间状语,place,地点状语,reason,原因状语,Thisistheparkthatwevisitedlastyear.Thisistheparkwhereweheldabirthdayparty,Shewontforgetthedaysthatshespentontheisland.Shewontforgetthedayswhentheystayedtogether,Thatsthedatewhenwewenttothecollege.Thatsthedatethatshewontforgetforever.,Ilikethetimewhenwelivedtogether.Ilikethetimethatwehadtogether.,Fillintheblankswithappropriaterelativepronounsandadverbs.1.Isthistheroom_youcleanedlasttime?2.Isthistheroom_welivedbefore?3.Thisisthegarden_theystayedforanight.4.Thisisthegarden_theyvisitedlasttime.5.Tomhasforgottentheday_helefthishome.6.Tomhasforgottentheday_Itoldhim.7.Shestillrememberstheyear_shefoundherfirstjob.8.Shestillrememberstheyear_shespentinJining.,that,where,where,that,when,that,when,that,1.Jackwillneverforgettheday_hemetLucyforthefirsttime.2.Iwillgobacktotheplace_Igrewup.3.Thereason_JacksavedLucyisthathelovedherverymuch.4.Thisisthefarm_wepickedappleslastyear.5.Summeristhebestseason_youcangoswimming.,when/onwhich,where/inwhich,why,where/onwhich,when/inwhich,1.你可以拿你感兴趣的任何一本书。2.这是本月上映的最好的一部影片。3.人们喜欢住在空气新鲜，噪声很少的地方。4.1949年是新中国诞生的一年。5.我总不太明白他犯这样一个错误的原因。6.我最好的朋友没有来为我送行，这让我很沮丧。7.这是你借给他词典的那个学生吗？8.这就是你们谈论那么多的那本新小说吗？9.正如大家所知，台湾是中国的一部分。,用定语从句翻译下列句子。,你可以拿你感兴趣的任何一本书。这是本月上映的最好的一部影片。3.人们喜欢住在空气新鲜，噪声很少的地方。,Youcantakeanybookthatinterestsyoubest.,Thisisthebestfilmthathasbeenshownthismonth.,Peopleliketoliveinaplacewheretheresfreshairandlittlenoise.,1949年是新中国诞生的一年。我总不太明白他犯这样一个错误的原因。6.我最好的朋友没有来为我送行，这让我很沮丧。,1949wastheyearwhennewChinawasborn.,Ineverreallyunderstandthereasonwhyhemadesuchamistake.,Mybestfrienddidntseemeoff,whichupsetme.,这是你借给他词典的那个学生吗？这就是你们谈论那么多的那本新小说吗？9.正如大家所知，台湾是中国的一部分。,Isthatthestudenttowhomyoulentyourdictionary?,Isthisthenewnovelwhichyouhavetalkedaboutsomuch?,Asweallknow,TaiwanispartofChina.,(三)使用关系副词应注意下列几点：,1、这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构：when=on(in,at,during)+which;where=in(at,on)+which;why=forwhich.如：IwasinBeijingonthedaywhen(=onwhich)hearrived.Theofficewhere(=inwhich)heworksisonthethirdfloor.Thisisthechiefreasonwhy(=forwhich)wedidit.,1.Thisisthereason_helefthishometown.(=why)2.Illneverforgettheday_westayedtogether.(=when)3.Thisisthegirl_Ilearnedthenews.4.Theperson_IspokejustnowisthemanagerthatItoldyouabout.5.Illshowyouastore_youmaybuyallthatyouneed.(=where)6.Idontliketheway_youlaughedather.(=that),介词+关系代词,which,from,whom,in,in,for,which,on,whom,to,which,which,7.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,mostof_hadnotbeencleanedforatleastoneyear.8.Inthedarkstreet,therewasnotasingleperson_shecouldturnforhelp.9.Chinahasalotofislands,thelargest_isTaiwan.10.Theoldladyhadonesonandtwodaughters,_treatedherwell,_madeherverysad.11.Therearefortystudentsinourclass,_20aregirls;therestareboys.,which,to,whom,of,which,none,of,whom,which,of,whom,三限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句,1、限制性定语从句说明先行词的情况，对先行词起限定作用，与先行词关系十分密切，不可用逗号隔开，也不可省略，否则全句意义就不完整。如：Thisisthetelegramwhichherefersto.Isthereanything(that)Icandoforyou?,引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有：who,whom,whose,which,when和where，不可以用that和why。,2、非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作补充说明，没有限定作用，它与先行词的关系比较松散，因而不是关键性的，如果省略，原句的意义仍然完整。这种从句在朗读时要有停顿，在文字中通常用逗号与主句隔开。如：ThisnotewasleftbyTom,whowashereamomentago.Asaboy,hewasalwaysmakingthings,mostofwhichwereelectric.,3、有时，非限制性定语从句所修饰的不是某一个词，而是整个主句或是主句中的一个部分，这时一般采用which或as来引导。如：,Hepassedtheexam,whichhehopedhewould.,注意：（1）as引导的从句可以放在主句之前或后，而which引导的从句只能放在主句之后。Theyarehollow,whichmakesthemverylight.Asisknowntoall,TaiwanisapartofChina.,（2）从意义上讲，which指前面主句的内容；而as指代的是作为一般人都知道的常识性的东西，因此常译成“就象那样，正如”。,关系代词as在定语从句中指代整件事，充当句中的主语或者宾语，在引导限制性定语从句时经常和thesame,such,as一起搭配使用，共同构成一个固定词组。eg.Asweallknow,heisafamousscientist.Heisadiligentboy,asisexpected.Shehasthesamebookasyouhav