【2018年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读判断巩固练习题1】xx年职称英语卫生类A级真题

【2018年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读判断巩固练习题1】xx年职称英语卫生类A级真题 Stage Fright Fall down as you e onstage. Thats an odd trick. Not remended. But it saved the pianist Vladimir Feltsman when he was a teenager back in Moscow. The veteran cellist Mstislav Rostropovich tripped him purposely to cure him of pre-performance panic,2 Mr. Feltsman said, “ All my fright was gone. I already fell. What else could happen?” Today, music schools are addressing the problem of anxiety in classes that deal with performance techniques and career preparation. There are a variety of strategies that musicians can learn to fight stage fright and its symptoms: icy fingers, shaky limbs, racing heart, blank mind.3 Teachers and psychologists offer wide-ranging advice, from basics like learning pieces inside out,4 to mental discipline, such as visualizing a performance and taking steps to relax. Dont deny that youre jittery，they urge; some excitement is natural, even necessary for dynamic playing. And play in public often, simply for the experience. Psychotherapist Diane Nichols suggests some strategies for the moments before performance, “Take two deep abdominal breaths, open up your shoulders, then smile, she says. “And not one of these please dont kill me smiles. Then choose three friendly faces in the audience, people you would municate with and make music to, and make eye contact with them.” She doesnt want performers to think of the audience as a judge. Extreme demands by mentors or parents are often at the root of stage fright，says Dorothy Delay, a well-known violin teacher. She tells other teachers to demand only what their students are able to achieve. When Lynn Harrell was 20，he became the principal cellist of the Cleverland Orchestra, and he suffered extreme stage fright. “There were times when I got so nervous I was sure the audience could see my chest responding to the throbbing. It was just total panic. I came to a point where I thought, If I have to go through this to play music, I think Im going to look for another job.”5 Recovery, he said, involved developing humility-recognizing that whatever his talent, he was fallible，and that an imperfect concert was not a disaster.6 It is not only young artists who suffer, of course. The legendary pianist Vladimir Horowitzs nerves were famous. The great tenor Franco Corelli is another example. “They had to push him on stage,” Soprano Renata Scotto recalled. Actually，suess can make things worse. “In the beginning of your career, when youre scared to death, nobody knows who you are, and they dont have any expectations,” Soprano June Anderson said. “Theres less to lose. Later on, when youre known, people are ing to see you, and they have certain expectations. You have a lot to lose.” Anderson added，“I never stop being nervous until Ive sung my last note.” 词汇： veteran 经验丰富的 jittery 紧张不安的 mentor 指导者 soprano 女高音；女高音歌手 cellist 大提琴演奏家 abdominal 腹部的 fallible 易犯错误的 tenor 男高音 注释： 1Stage Fright：舞台恐惧 2The veteran cellist Mstislav Rostropovich tripped him purposely to cure him of pre-performance panic资深大提琴家Mstislav Rostropovich故意把Vladimir Feltsman绊倒，因而治愈了他的上台前的恐惧症。cure somebody of something (illness, problem)：医治好病（解决问题） 3 its symptoms：icy fingers, shaky limbs, racing heart, blank mind：舞台恐惧的症状有手冰凉、身体颤抖、心跳加快和大脑一片空白。 4Teachers and psychologists offer wide-ranging advice, from basics like learning pieces inside out ：老师和心理学家提出了方方面面的建议，一些基础知识，比如将演奏曲目烂熟于心 inside out： in great detail详细地，从里到外地 5I came to a point where I thought，“If I have to go through this to play music, I think Im going to look for another job. ”我曾经一度认为，如果搞音乐就必须经过克服舞台恐惧这一关的话，这项工作不能做。 6Recovery, he said, involved developing humility-recognizing that whatever his talent, he was fallible, and that an imperfect concert was not a disaster.不舞台恐惧意味着提高谦卑感，即认识到不管你多有才，你也会出错，一个有瑕疵的音乐会也绝对不是世界末日。 练习： 1Falling down onstage was not a good way for Vladimir Feltsman to deal with his stage fright. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 2There are many signs of stage fright. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 3Teachers and psychologists cannot help people with extreme -stage fright. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 4To perform well on stage, you need to have some feelings of excitement. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 5If you have stage fright, its helpful to have friendly audience. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 6Often people have stage fright because parents or teachers expect too much of them. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 7Famous musicians never suffer from stage fright. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 答案与题解： 1B 本文第一段讲的是钢琴家Vladimir Feltsman被Mstislav Rostropovich绊倒后，他的舞台恐惧被治愈了的故事。 2A 第二段的最后一句点出舞台恐惧的诸多症状为手冰凉、身体颤抖、心跳加快和大脑一片空白。 3B 本文的第三、四、五、六段都在讲老师和心理学家为舞台恐惧者提供全方位的建议。 4A 依据第三段的倒数第二句：some excitement is natural, even necessary for dynamic playing.(表演中激情是自然甚至是必要的） 5C 第四段提到克服舞台恐惧的方法之一是：在观众中选择三位友好的面孔，与他们用眼光交流。所以克服舞台恐惧要靠自己而不是指望所有的观众都友好。 6A 第五段讲了舞台恐惧的根源在于指导者或父母对表演者要求太高。extreme demands就是expect too much of them的意思。 7B 第七段讲的是：不只年轻艺术家有舞台恐惧症，钢琴家Vladimir Horowitz和男高音Franco Corelli亦不能幸免。Never一词不恰当。 译文：如何避免怯场 上台就跌倒。这是个奇特的办法！但不推荐。可它确实拯救了钢琴家弗拉基米尔菲兹曼，那个时候他才十几岁，正在莫斯科表演。资深大提琴手米提斯拉夫罗斯特罗波维奇故意在他上台前将他绊倒，帮助他摆脱上台前的恐慌。菲兹曼先生说：“所有的害怕都烟消云散类。我已经摔倒了，还有比这更糟糕的吗？” 如今，音乐学校都在课堂中强调焦虑问题，因为这是讲授表演技巧和打好表演基础的课程。怯场有很多表现，比如手指冰冷、四肢发抖、心跳加速、大脑一片空白，音乐家们可以学着用许多多应变策略应对这些问题。 教师和心理学家给出了许多建议，从基础的做法，比如将演奏曲目烂熟于心，到精神训练，比如想象演出场景，有步骤地进行放松等。他们强调，不要掩饰你的紧张感，适度的兴奋对于精彩演出是正当甚至是必要的。为了积累经验，要常在公众场合演出。 黛安尼克尔斯是一名心理治疗师，她给出了一些上台前的建议：“做两次深度的腹式呼吸，扩胸，