Unit2-Space-Invaders1.ppt

Presentationonesentenceinoneperiod,Content:chooseonequote/idiom/proverb/sayingrelatedorunrelatedtothetopicofthepresenttext,tellastory/shareyourownexperience/yourthinkingbasedonitPresentation:1minute;Answer2-3Qsfromme/yourclassmatesContent,fluency,interaction(memorable,inspiring,touching,amusing,realistic),Unit2,TextISpaceInvaders,TeachingProcess,Step1:Presentation/DiscussionStep2:BackgroundinformationWordsandexpressionsStep3:StructuralanalysisofthetextAppreciationofthetextStep4:FurtherdevelopmentStep5:AssignmentAnalysis,Pre-readingquestions,Shareyourownexperienceoropinionwithus:Ispersonalspaceimportanttoyou?Whyorwhynot?DoyouthinkweChinesehaveaweakersenseofpersonalspacethantheWesterners?,Backgroundinformation:1.Aboutthetext:ThistextwasoriginallypublishedinNewYorkeronJuly24,1993.laterin2001itappearedagaininThePrincetonAnthologyofWriting:FavoritePiecesbytheFerriesWritersatPrincetonUniversity.2.Abouttheauthor:RichardStengelisaseniorwriterworkingforTimemagazine.,3.Malthusianlogic:thetheoriesoftheBritisheconomistThomasRobertMalthus(1766-1843),whichstatethatpopulationincreasesfasterthanthemeansofsubsistenceunlesswar,famine,ordiseaseintervenesoreffortsaremadetolimitpopulation.4.LongIsland:anislandinsoutheasternNewYork.TheNewYorkcityboroughsofBrooklynandQueensareatitswestend.,TextAnalysis,Inthetext,thewriterpointsoutthatnowadayspeoplearemoreandmoreconcernedaboutthemselvesandwanttohavealargerpersonalspacethandecadesago,andthenheanalysesthecauseandnatureofspaceinvasion.Andcallsforpeoplesexpansionofpersonalspace,bothphysicalandpsychological.Itcanbedividedinto?parts,Part(Para1-3)theauthortellsusabouthisownexperienceofhowhispersonalspacewasinvadedandhowhisindividualborderwasintrudedon.thisphenomenonhasbecomemoreandmoreserious.Part(Para4-8)Causeandnatureofthispervasivephenomenon.theshrinkingofpersonalspaceislessaphysicalmatterthanpeoplespsychologicalwithdrawal.Self-centeredandself-absorbedPart(Para9)Theauthorcallsforpeoplesexpansionofpersonalspace,bothphysicalandpsychological.,LanguageWork,snake:moveinatwistingwayThetrainwassnakingitswaythroughthemountains.Sometiredvelvetropes:someslackenedvelvetropesinch:moveveryslowlyandcarefullyHowardinchedthevanforward.,Shuffle:walkbydraggingonesfeetalongorwithoutliftingthemfullyfromthegroundHeslippedonhisshoesandshuffledoutoftheroom.拖曳，慢吞吞地走shufflesth.off:avoidtalkingorthinkingaboutsth.becauseitisnotconsideredimportantHeshuffledthequestionoffandchangedthetopic.推诿，推卸shuffleoutofsth.TrytoavoidsomeunpleasanttaskbyactingdishonestlyImistrustthewayinwhichtheyshuffleoutofsustainedefforts.蒙混,Ring:aquality,oranimpressionofhavingthequalitythatismentionedHerstoryhasaringoftruthaboutit.Thebookshementionedhadafamiliarringaboutthem.Penetrate:succeedinforcingthroughsth.Theypenetratedintotheterritorywherenomanhadeverbeenbefore.,Wedge:forceintoanarrowspaceHeopenedthedoorandwedgeditwithapadofnewspaper.“donttreadonme”couldhavebeencoinedonlybysomeonewithaspread:“dontstepintomyspace”.Thiscouldhavebeensaidonlybyapersonwhohasalargepersonalspace.,Personalspaceispsychological,notphysical:ithaslesstodowiththespaceoutsideusthanourinnerspace:personalspaceismoreapsychologicalmatterthanaphysicalone.Beproportionalto:increaseordecreaseatthesamerateastheotherthingTheoutputshouldbeproportionaltotheinput.Asarulethesuicideratesareproportionaltothesizeofthecity.,PartIparagraph1-2,Thefollowingquestionmaybeasked:Howdidtheauthordescribetheviolationofpersonalspacethathappenedinabank?,theoriginallazylinehavingcollapsedinonitselflikeaSlinky：句子的此部分是独立主格结构，表示一种伴随的状态。下面我们谈谈不定式“独立结构”，-ing分词“独立结构”，-ed分词“独立结构”之间的区别。不定式“独立结构”表示即将发生的动作。例如：Weshallassembleattenforty-five,theprocessiontostartmovingatpreciselyeleven.我们将在十点四十五分集合，队伍整十一点开始游行。Theplanwasthatthetwopartiesshouldfirstreachanagreementonthebasicprinciple,thedetailstobeworkedputlater.计划是双方应先就基本原则达成协议，细节问题以后拟订。,-ing分词“独立结构”表示正在进行的动作，且主语与-ing分词之间为主动关系。例如：Weredoubledourefforts,eachmanworkingliketwo.我们加倍努力，每一个人就像干两个人的活。-ed分词“独立结构”表示已经发生的动作，主语与-ed分词之间为被动关系。例如：Thisdone,wewenthome.做完此事，我们就回去。Alloursavinggone,westartedlookingforjobs.积蓄全部用完了，我们就开始找工作。,文中的lazyline运用了拟人（Personification）的修辞手法。拟人是把人类的特点、特性加于外界事物上，使之人格化的修辞格。本句中line是物，作者在这里用lazy实际上是通过拟人的手法形容站队的人的懒散状态。例如：Fourevergreenshrubsstoodateachcorner,wheretheystruggledtosurvivethedustandfumesfromabusymainroad.四丛常绿灌木分别位于每个角落，它们忍受着从繁忙的大街上吹来的尘烟，挣扎着活下去。Butthehouseswerecold,closed,unfriendly.可是那些房子冷漠无情，门窗紧闭，一点也不友好。,PartIIparagraph4-8,Thefollowingquestionscouldbeasked:Is“personalspace”aphraseoftheseventies?Isitoutofdatenowadays?Whyorwhynot?DoyouagreewiththeauthoraboutthereasonsofspaceinvasiongiveninParagraph4?Whatotherfactorshavecausedit?Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“personalspaceismostlyapublicmatter”?Dospaceinvadersrespectotherpeoplespersonalspace?,Malthusianism:马尔萨斯人口论马尔萨斯的人口论，有三个主要的观点，就是“两个公理”，“两个级数”和“两种抑制”。“两个级数”：“人口在没有阻碍的条件下是以几何级数增加，而生活资料只能以算术级数增加。稍微熟悉数量的人就知道，前一量比后一量要大得多”；“根据自然规律，食物是生活所必需，这两个不相等的量就必须保持平衡”。“两种抑制”：当人口增长超过生活资料增长，二者出现不平衡时，自然规律就强使二者恢复平衡。恢复平衡的手段，一种是战争、灾荒、瘟疫等，对此，马尔萨斯称其为“积极抑制”；另一种是要那些无力赡养子女的人不要结婚，马氏称其为“道德抑制”。,Ivewonderedifitstheseason:T-shirtweathercanmakeproximitymorealluring(ormuch,muchless):P4本句话可理解为：Ihavesuspectedthatmaybethecause(ofthespaceinvasion)istheseason:summermayeithermakepeoplewanttobeclosertoeachotherormorelikely,tokeepadistancebetweeneachother.Metonymy,OrperhapstheproliferationofcoffeebarsinManhattanisinfusingsomuchcaffeineintothealreadyjanglinglocalsthatpeoplecannolongerkeeptothemselves:P4本句话可理解为：OrperhapstheincreasingcoffeebarsinManhattanattractmoreandmorepeople,whoarestimulatedandexcitedbythecaffeine,sothattheybecomeeagertomeetothersandnolongerwanttoremaininprivacy.,TextAnalysis,TheauthorlooksatthecausesofspaceinvasioninParagraph4.Heattributesthisphenomenontopopulationexplosionfirst,thentothehotweatherandthestimulationofcaffeine.Heexaminesthenatureofspaceinvasionandthinksthatspaceinvasionisapublicmatter.Itismorepsychologicalthanphysical.,Thelogisticsofitvaryaccordingtogeography.P5Peopleindifferentregionsaregivendifferentsizesofpersonalspace.Eventhefocusofsciencetodayismicro,notmacro.P8Eventhesciencefocusesontheintra-personal,innerworldratherthantheinterpersonal,outersocietythesedays.,PartIIIparagraph9,Questionstobeasked:Doyouagreewiththewritersviewthatthecontractionoftheouter,personalspaceisproportionaltotheexpansionoftheinnerspaceofmodernman?Yes.Peopleinthepresentsocietytendtobemoreself-centered,concentratingontheirprivateaffairsandignoringtheouterworldaroundthem.Theycarelittleaboutothersinasocietyatafasttempo.,2.DoyouthinkweChinesepeoplehavecomparativelymorepersonalspaceorless?IsChinesepersonalspacenowthesameasitwasdecadesago?More.bowing/huggingbodytouchingContractinggradually,careless3.Whydoestheauthordecidetoexpandhiscontractingboundariesofpersonalspace?Sincemoreandmorepeoplewanttohavearoomierspaceandtheauthorisinfluencedbyspaceintruders.,InthesamewaythatthebreezefromabutterflyswingsinJapanmayeventuallyproduceatidalwaveinCalifornia,expandthecontractingboundriesofpersonalspace.P9Becausetheinitialinvasionofpersonalspacecancauseachainofreactions,whichmaybringaboutacatastrophicconsequence,/asthebreezefromabutterflyswingsinJapan,ifitinitiatesachainofwaves,mayeventuallyproduceatidalwaveinCalifornia,/Ihavedecidedtoenlargetheshrinkingpersonalspace.,RhetoricalFeatures,Listedbelowaretheverbsusedbytheauthortogiveavividandaccuratedescriptionofthebehaviorofthespaceinvaders1)Verbsusedtodescribedthebehaviorofspaceinvaders:inch,wedge,zigzag,jostle,refuse,press,bump,etc.2)Verbsusedtodescribethereactionofthosewhosespaceisbeinginvaded:advanced,sidle,shuffle,ClassCheck1.Swarmsofwaspsarealwaysinvadingmygarden.Theyareathorough_.A)nuisanceB)disturbanceC)troubleD)annoyance2.Atthreethousandfeet,wideplainsbegintoappear,andthereisneveramomentwhensomedistantmountainisnot_.A)onviewB)ataglanceC)onthesceneD)insight3.Themini-bus_fivepeoplequitecomfortably.A)lodgesB)grantsC)accommodatesD)drinks4.HismannerwassopleasantthatBollafeltat_withhimatonce.A)peaceB)largeC)easeD)best5.Therewasabigholeintheroadwhich_thetraffic.A)setbackB)stoodbackC)heldupD)keptdown,.Translationexercises1.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsorphrasesgiveninthebrackets.(1)Thepigeonwaswedgedintheforkofabranchbutfelloffafterawhile.(2)Thepaymentthatthemotoristwillhavetomakewillbeproportionaltotheamountofdamagehehasdonetotheotherpersonscar.(3)Youcanonlyenterthecavebyinchingthroughanarrowtunnelonyourstomach.(4)Shestammeredsomeapologyasshesidledtowardsthedoor.,(5)HetookpainstoexplaintomethatIwasbeingdismissednotbecauseIdidntdomyworkwellbutbecausethecompanycouldnotpaymywages.(6)Theenlistmentofyoungsoldiersinfusednewhopeandmoraleintothearmy.(7)Oncetheolderboysstakeaclaimtothelawn,nootherboysdaregoonit.(8)Themanfollowinghermadeheruneasyandshecouldnthelpquickeninghersteps.,InthesamewaythatthebreezefromabutterflyswingsinJapanmayeventuallyproduceatidalwaveinCalifornia,Ihavedecidedtoexpandthecontractingboundariesofpersonalspace:P22paraphraseBecausetheinitialinvasionofpersonalspacecancauseachainofreactions,whichmaybringaboutacatastrophicconsequence,asthebreezefromabutterflyswingsinJapan,ifitinitiatesachainofwave,mayeventuallyproduceatidalwaveinCalifornia,Ihavedecidedtoenlargetheshrinkingpersonalspace.,2.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.在某些文化中，空间感觉的一个重要方面体现于人们所需要的彼此感觉舒适却又不觉得拥挤的“私人空间”。例如，北美人彼此感觉舒适所需的空间距离大约是4英尺。而阿拉伯人和拉美人反而是彼此靠近才会感觉舒服。因此，不同文化的人可能会无意间侵犯别人的空间感。正如不同的时间观可能会造成文化冲突，不同的空间观也可能引发同样的问题。,Dictation:Bodylanguageistheu