【小学牛津英语名词讲解及练习】

【小学牛津英语名词讲解及练习】 【名词】 一 专有名词和普通名词。 名词根据其意义可以分为专有名词和普通名词。 专有名词：表示特定的人或事物名称的词，专有名词词首的字母要大写。 如：中国：China； 节日：Childrens Day 儿童节 普通名词：凡不属于特定的人或事物名称的词叫普通名词。 二可数名词和不可数名词。 名词根据是否能够用数字来计算，可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。 （一） 可数名词 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。单数名词一般情况下要与表示量的单词a（an）连用，复数名词的复数形式变化有规则变化和不规则变化之分。 名词复数形式的规则变化表 不可数名词指不可以用数字一个一个数出来的名词，它没有单复数之分，但可以借助a cup of；three pieces of等名词性短语来表示不可数名词的量。 回忆我们以前学习的不可数名词有： 液体类：orange 橙汁； juice 果汁； soup 汤； water 水； coffee 咖啡； tea 茶； milk 牛奶； 肉类： meat 肉； beef 牛肉； fish 鱼，鱼肉； pork 猪肉； chicken 鸡肉 ； 数不尽：rice米； hair 头发； 连成一片：pead 面包； paper 纸； glass 玻璃； ice冰； 唯一的：world 世界； moon 月亮； nature 自然 其他的：fruit 水果 ； money钱； homework作业； housework家务； 三 名词的-s格和of格 名词的所有格是指名词中表示所有关系的形式，它是名词中除单复数之外的重点考查内容。 在表示人或物品的所属关系时，就需要用到名词的所有格，所有格通常有两种形式：-s格和of格。 （一）-s格 有生命的名词它的所有格一般用-s格来表示，名词的-s格形式有一定的规则： 无生命的名词它的所有格一般用of组成的短语来表示，如：the lipary of our school （我们学校的图书馆），the first lesson of this term （这学期的第一课）。 【巩固练习】 1.用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空 How many _ (knife) did you buy yesterday? There are a lot of children in the park on _ (child) Day There are two _ ( pencil-box) on the desk. Are you _ (teacher)? Yes, we are. She wishes to make _ (friend) with us. What colour are the _ (flag). I can see many _ (sheep). They arent from the same _ (family). 2.写出下列单词中的不可数名词。 pear tea pother garden map sofa cooker knife water peach cup book student coffee car flower 不可数名词： _ _ 3.从下面选项中选出最恰当的一项，将序号填在横线上。 They dont have hamburgers or _ chips. A. potato B. potatoes C. a potato D. potatos Is it the twins bedroom? Yes, it is. Its _ bedroom. A. her B. Lucy and Lily C. Lucy and Lilys D. Lucys and Lilys The farmer raised twenty _. A. sheeps B. horse C. deers D. sheep The little girl has _ on her nose. A. a glass B. a glasses C. a pair of glasses D. a pair of glass. There are some _ in this _. A. knifes, pencil-boxes B. knives, pencil-box C. knives, pencil-boxes D. knifes , pencil-box Ill tell you _. A. a good news B. good a news C. a piece of good news D. some piece of good news -_jacket is it? -Maybe it is_. A. Whos ,Toms B. What, Toms C. Whose, Toms D. Whose, Toms _is too much for the girl to carry. A. The bag weight B. The bag of weight C. The weight of the bag D. The bags weight September 10th is _. A. Teachers Day B. Teachers Day C. Teachers Day D. the teachers Day He has two big _. A. eyes B. hairs C. noses D. mouths I want _, please. A. a glass water B. a water C. two glass of water D. a glass of water 4.将四个选项中错误一项的序号写在题前括号内，并在后面的横线上改正。 （ ） Id like a coffee, please._. A B C D ( ) Please pass me a paper._. A B C D （ ）We are in class Two, Grade Six._. A B C D ( ) There are four season in a year._. 5.将下列名词变成复数形式。 1.plane tree lesson month apple shirt 2. box bus push watch class fox 3.knife life leaf Wife thief 4.day boy monkey baby country story 5.photo radio piano tomato hero 6. child tooth man Sheep English Chinese 6.判断正误，并改正错句，正确的打“ ” 1The house is my pother. _ 2. He has visited many country. _ 3. They are Englishs. _ 4. This is Tom red bike. _ 三、选择填空 1There are two _ in the room. A. Chineses B. Englishman 2.The old man will have _ out. A. two tooths B. two teeth 3. _ are sold in this bookstore. A. Childrens books B. Children books 4. Some friends of _ will e here. A. Johns B. John 5. Can you give me _? A. some papers B. a piece of paper 6.There are _ on the floor. A. some box B. some boxes 四、将下列变成复数形式。 1This sheep is white. _ 2. There is a desk and a chair in the room. _ 3.That man is a doctor. _ 【练习】 Mr. White lives in a tall building. He lives on the sixteenth floor. Every day, he takes a lift （电梯）up and down. One Saturday afternoon, he went shopping with his little son and bought many things. They drove back and carried all the things up to the lift. Suddenly they saw a piece of paper on the wall. It said,“Dear sirs, theres something wrong with the lift. Please use the stairs now.”The son took a bag and ran upstairs quickly. But Mr. White walked and walked. At last they stood in front of their door feeling very tired. Mr. White began to look for the keys, but he could not find them. Suddenly he shouted in a loud voice,“Oh, no! Ive left my keys in the car.” 根据短文内容选择正确答案。 ( ) 1. Mr. White lives on the floor. A. 14th B. 15th C. 16th ( ) 2. Does he take a lift every day? . A. Yes, he does. B. No, he doesnt. C. I dont know. A. Yes, they did. B. No, they didnt. C. Yes, they were. ( ) 4. Why didnt they use the lift? Because . A. they wanted to exercise their body. B. they like walking upstairs. C. theres something wrong with the lift. ( ) 5. Where were the keys ? A. At home. B. In the car. C. In his bag. 【音标学习】 音标?: ? u: u学习 一、学习?: ?: 发这个音的字母和字母组合a aw al or oor a: water aw: draw straw al: ball wall or: horse corn fork or short oor: floor door 二、学习? ? ? 发这个音的字母和字母组合o a ? o: fox coffee dog shop doctor ? a: watch 三、学习u: u: 发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo ui ? ? ? ? o: do who whose oo: food moon too ui: fruit juice u: ruler 四、学习u ? ? ? ? u发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo u o: woman wolf oo: look good book foot wood u: bull bullet 音标?: ? u: u练习 一抄写音标，一个抄写10遍,一边抄写一边读。 u： u:： ?： ?:： 二找出下列没有相同发音的词。 ( ) moon food eat fruit ( ) true ( ) four ( ) got ( ) bus ( ) lost book small clock foot ball wood walk shop push long look bird shirt book ox ( ) ruler dog mooncake blue ( ) big ship horse 【单词】 always /?: lwe?z/ 总是 question /kwest?n/ 问题 ask /:sk/ 问 mean /mi:n/ 意思是，意指 must /mst/ 必须；应当 should /?d/ 应当，应该 take a walk /te?k ? w?:k/ 散步 pick /p?k/ 拾 public /pbl?k/ 公共的；公众的 sign /sa?n/ 标注；告示牌 cousin /kzn/ 堂（表）兄弟；堂（表）姐妹 danger /de?nd?/ 危险 away / ?we?/ （离）开 grass /gr:s/ 草；草地 keep off /ki:p ?f/（使）让开；（使）不接近 shouldnt /?dnt/ bird /b?:d/ 鸟 cage /ke?d?/ 笼子 quiet / kwa?t/ 安静的 make noise /me?k n?z/ 发出（喧闹）声音 smoke /sm?k/ 吸烟 litter /l?t?/ 乱丢杂物 it park /p:k/ 停放（车辆等） suddenly /sd?nl?/ 突然（地） something /sm?/ 某事；某物 note /n?t/ 钞票；纸币 look around /l?k ?ra?nd/ 环顾；往四下看 nearby /,n?ba?/ 附件（的） quickly /kw?kl?/ 快地 pick up /p?k p/ 拾起；捡起 keeper /ki:p?/ 看守人 e up /km p/ 上来 point /p?nt/ 指 fine /fa?n/ 罚款 birthday /b?: de? ; b?: d?/ 生日 date /de?t/日期 when /wen/ 什么时候；何时 second /sek?nd/ 第二（的） March /m: t?/ 三月 third /?:d/ 第三（的） April /e?pr?l/ 四月 fourth /f?: / 第四（的） May /me?/ 五月 June /d?u:n/ 六月 October /?k t?b?/ 十月 whens /wenz/ August /?:g?st/ 八月 as / ?z / 作为；当做 present /prez?nt/ 礼物；赠品 VCD /vi:si:di:/ 影视光碟 Aladdin /?l?d?n/ 阿拉丁 Lets wait /we?t/ and see 让我们等着瞧。 January /d?nj?r?/ 一月 Fepuary /fep?r?/二月 fifth /f?f/ 第五（的） sixth /s?ks/ 第六（的） July /d?la?/ 七月 twelfth /twelf/ 第十二（的） twentieth /twent?/ 第二十（的） September /septemb?/ 九月 twenty-first /,twent? f?:st/ 第二十一（的） November /n?vemb?/ 十一月 December /d?semb?/ 十二月 doorbell /d?:bel/ 门铃 take off /te?k ?f/ 脱下 costume /k?stju:m/ 戏装 Happy birthday to you! blow/bl?/ out /a?t/ 吹灭 candle /k?ndl/ 蜡烛 was /w?z w?z/ （am,is的过去式） excited /?ksa?t?d/ 激动的；兴奋的 moment /m?m?nt/ 片刻；瞬间 ago /?g?/ 以前 were /w?: ; w?/ (are的过去式) just /d?st/ now/na?/ 刚才 mobile phone/,m?ba?lf?n/手机，手提电话 glasses /gl:s?z/ 眼镜 sports day /sp?:ts de? / 体育日 running race /r n? re?s/ 赛跑 camera /k?m?r?/ 照相机 exciting /?ksa?t?/ 令人激动的；令人兴奋的 film /f?lm/ 胶卷 ground /gra?nd 地面/ earphone /?f?n/ 耳机 diary /da?r?/ 日记；日记簿 CD Walkman /w?:km?n/ 光盘随身听 roll /r?l/ 卷；卷状物 remember /r?memb?/ 记住；记得 werent /w?:nt/ Holiday /h?l?de?; h?l?d? / 假日；假期 last /l:st/ 最后的；最近刚过去的 early / ?:l?/ 早的；早地 meet /mi:t/ 遇见；见到；相遇 before /b?f?:(r)/ 在?以前 did /d?d/ (do 的过去式) pull/p?l/ up 拉出；把?向上拔 taste /te?st/ 品尝 farm /f:m/ 农场 National /n?n?l/ Day 国庆日 carrot /k?r?t/ 胡萝卜 milk /m?lk/ 挤奶 cow /ka?/ 奶牛；母牛 fun /f?n/ 有趣的事；娱乐 wonderful /w?nd?fl/ 精彩的；太好了 zoo /zu:/ 动物园 camp /k?mp/ 野营；营地 volleyball /v?l?b?:l/ 排球；排球运动 mountain /ma?nt?n/ 山；山脉；山区 Christmas /kr?sm?s/圣诞节 New Years Day元旦 people /pi:pl/ 人们 had /h?d/ (have,has的过去式) went /went/ （go的过去式） Childrens /t?ldr?nz/ Day 儿童节 also /?:ls?/ 也；还 festival /fest?vl/节日 Spring /spr? /Festival春节 didnt /d?dnt/ relative /rel?t?v/ 亲戚；亲属 delicious /d?l?s/ 美味的，可口的 favourite /fe?v?r?t/ 特别喜爱的 dress /dres/ up 装扮 Mid-Autumn/,m?d?:t?m/Festival Moon cake /mu:n ke?k/ 月饼 Easter /i:st?(r)/ 复活节 May Day /me? de?/ 五一国际劳动节 Dragon /dr?g?n/ Boat/b?t/ Festival端午节 popular /p?pj?l?(r)/ 多数人喜爱的；流行的 beach /