野性的呼唤(英文版)ppt课件

,TheCalloftheWild,1,JackLondon,Arealisticwriter,Born:January12,1876SanFrancisco,CaliforniaUnitedStatesDied:November22,1916(aged40)GlenEllen,CaliforniaUnitedStatesOccupation:Novelist,journalist,shortstorywriterandessayist,LifeExperiences,WritingStyle,MajorWorks,2,LifeExperiences,3,1890,1891,childlaborerinacannery(at14),oysterpirate(at15),sailorofasealingschooner(at17),1893,4,1895,jailedforvagrancy,finishedhighschool(at19),UniversityofCalifornia(at20),1896,5,1897,KlondikeGoldRush(at21),writer,reporter,TheSonoftheWolf(1900),1916,diedfromagastrointestinalofuremia(尿毒症)thoughitwaswidelysupposedthathecommittedsuicide.(at40),6,WritingStyle,7,Hewasfascinatedbythewayviolencetestedandrefinedhumancharacter.Withoutmuchstylisticandformalrefinementandsubtletyofcharacterization,Londonsfictionhastheunusualandintriguingpowerofancientmyth.Althoughhisworkcanneverbeclassedroughrealism,hewillalwaysberememberedastheoriginatorofanewtypeofwritingcalledroughrealism.Forceful,andcolorful;SubjectivityandenthusiasmHischaracterizationswereoftenstiffandhisdialoguestereotyped.Themes:primitiveviolence,Anglo-Saxonsupremacy,biologicalevolution,classwarfare,andmechanisticdeterminism.,WritingStyle,8,MajorWorks,9,MajorWorks,ThePeopleoftheAbyss(1903)深渊中的人们TheCalloftheWild(1903)野性的呼唤TheSeaWolf(1904)海狼WhiteFang(1906)白牙LoveofLife(1907)热爱生命TheIronHeel(1908)铁蹄MartinEden(1909)马丁.伊登TheValleyoftheMoon(1912)月谷TheStarRover(1915)星游人TheLittleLadyoftheBigHouse(1916)大屋里的小妇人,10,11,WolfHouse,12,特怀曼L托尔利在狼的智慧中对狼有很好的描述及概括。狼是陆地上生物最高的食物链终结者之一，群居动物中最有秩序，纪律的族群。由于有狼的存在，其他野生动物才得以淘汰老弱残的不良族群；也因为有狼的威胁存在，其它野生动物才被迫进化得更优秀，以免被狼淘汰；也因为有狼非常强的生存能力，适应能力。,13,Background,Presenter:彭雪宁8号,14,TheCalloftheWild:Background,15,Backgroundknowledge,Agoldrushisaperiodoffeverishmigrationofworkersintotheareaofadramaticdiscoveryofcommercialquantitiesofgold.the19thcenturyAustralia、Brazil、Canada、SouthAfrica、theUnitedStates,KlondikeRiver,16,TheCalloftheWild:Background,InAugust1896,goldwasdiscoveredinRabbitCreekintheYukonTerritoryofwesternCanada.,17,TheCalloftheWild:Background,WhennewsofthefindreachedtheUnitedStates,theKlondikegoldrushwason.,18,TheCalloftheWild:Background,Thegoldprospectors,knownas“Klondikers,”facedharshconditions:,temperatures40degreesbelowzero,starvationandmalnutrition,longjourneysonfoot,hundredsofpoundsofsuppliestotransport,19,About100,000peoplestartedoutinhopesofreachingtheKlondikeRiverandfindinggold.,Ofthese,onlyabout30,000completedthetrip.Theresteitherstoppedsomewherealongtheway,turnedaround,ordied.,TheCalloftheWild:Background,20,TheCalloftheWild:Background,TheindigenouspeopleofAlaskaandCanadabeganusingsleddogsmorethan1,000yearsago.,Theydependedonthesedogsfor,protection,transportation,hunting,companionship,21,TheCalloftheWild:Background,Inthelate1800s,settlersandexplorersstartedusingthedogstohelpthemexploreremoteareas,delivermail,andlookforgold.,22,TheCalloftheWild:Background,Theyhaveaprotectiveoutercoatandaninsulatingundercoat,thathelpsthemtoleratetemperaturesaslowas70F.,23,TheCalloftheWild:Background,Certainpurebreddogsarecommonlyusedassleddogs.,Alaskanmalamutes,Siberianhuskies,Samoyeds,24,TheCalloftheWild:Background,InthisharshandhostileenvironmentliketheYukonTerritory,survivalistheultimatechallenge.,25,TheCalloftheWild:Background,Ifstrength,courage,andadaptabilityarethekeystosurvival,thenourhero,Buck,standsaprettygoodchance.,26,Plot,Presenter:黄裕鑫25号,27,28,CharacterAnalysis,Presenter:潘影红27号,29,30,Dave:anexperiencedwheeler,nippedBuckshindquarterswheneverhewasinerror.,Spitz:theleaderofthedogs,anexperiencedwheeler,healwaysfiercetohiscompanions,buthecouldnotalwaysgetatBuck.Finally,hewaskilledbyBuck.,31,32,ParraultandFrancois,TheyareBuckssecondowners.,Sternanddemandinginstantobedience,Thelawofclubandtooth木棒和犬牙法则,33,34,Hal,CharlesandMercedes,HalandCharles:foolishandcallow,Mercedes:spoiledandsentimental,Poorplan,35,aseasonedgoldprospector,JohnThornton,havingadeep,abidingandreciprocalloveblossomsbetweenmananddog,36,Buck-themaincharacter,Fulloffightingspirit-thesurvivalofthefittest.,Theviciousandcunningrulers,Love,loyaltytohisowner,Thecallofthewild,37,Anyopinionisappreciated.,Speakoutyourthinking.,38,Hedidnotstealforjoyofit,butbecauseoftheclamorofhisstomach.Hedidnotrobopenly,butstolesecretlyandcunningly,outofrespectforclubandfang.Inshort,thethingshedidweredonebecauseitwaseasiertodethemthannottodothem.他偷东西不是为了从中得到乐趣，而是因为肚子太饿。他不明目张胆地去抢，而是耍点小手腕去偷，这是考虑到木棒和利齿所致。简言之，他之所以这么做是因为做比不做更容易些。,Fulloffightingspirit-thesurvivalofthefittest.,39,Hewaspreeminentlycunning,andcouldbidehistimewithapatiencethatnothinglessthanprimitive.他是头等的狡猾，并且能够用他天生就有的的那种忍耐等待时机,Theviciousandcunningrulers,40,Livinginthedogteam,Buckdidnotwanttobepatientforalongtimeunderanothermansdomination.Whenhewasbeatbythemaninred,healreadyrealizedtheimportanceofpower.Sincethen,heneverforgotthedesiretowintheleadershipofSpitz.Afterfulldeliberationandpreparation,hekilledSpitzinthebattle,andfinallycapturedtheleaderposition”,Fulloffightingspirit-thesurvivalofthefittest.,41,Thus,astokenofwhatapuppetthinglifeis,theancientsongsurgedthroughhimandhecameintohisownagain.于是，生命是个任人摆布的傀儡，古老的歌曲在他心中回荡，他重新找回了自我。,Thecallofthewild,42,Theme,Presenter:曹嘉惠30号,43,areturntoprimitivism,survivalofthestrongest,areflectionofsociety,1,2,3,Theme,44,areturntoprimitivism,Oldlongingsnomadicleap,Chafingatcustomschain;Againfromitsbrumalsleep;Wakenstheferinestrain.古老荒野的欲望在升腾，挣脱着习俗的束缚,再一次从它冬日的长眠中,唤醒野性不驯的旋律。,Buckreleasedhisinnatecharacteristicsandreturnedtoprimitivismforthelong-termmaltreatmentfromhismasters.,45,ThenoveldescribestheharshenvironmentinthenorthofAmericainmostoftheplot,whichlaysthegroundworkforBucksreturntoprimitivism.,areturntoprimitivism,46,survivalofthestrongest,Survivalofthefittest,thesuperdogimageofBuck,47,Survivalofthefittest,TheauthorplacesBuckinconflictwithhumans,inconflictwiththeotherdogs,andinconflictwithenvironment-allofwhichhemustchallenge,survive,andconquer.,(HerbertSpencersSocialDarwinism&Darwinsconcept),48,a.inconflictwithhumans,OnthewaytotheNorth,Buckmetmanyhisownerswhohithimwithaclub.Anditsuselesstofightthemwhohadaclubintheirhands.inaworldwheretheclubandthefangarelaw,wherethelawofthepackrulesandaweekdogcanbetorntopiecesbypackmembers.Thatsurvivalbywhatevermeansisparamount.,49,b.inconflictwithotherdogs,Buckfoughtagainstthehungryhuskiesandalead-dogcalledSptizinhispack.Buckcalledonhisatavistichereditarytraitstosurvivesohemustlearntobewildtobecomewild.,50,Hisfirsttrytostealfoodwithoutsuspicion.Hedidnotrobopenly,butstolesecretlyandcunningly,outofrespectforclubandfang.Author:ThisfirsttheftmarkedBuckasfittosurviveinthehostileNorthlandenvironment.Itmarkedhisadaptability,hiscapacitytoadjusthimselftochangingconditions,thelackofwhichwouldhavemeantswiftandterribledeath.Hewasfit,thatwasall,andunconsciouslyheaccommodatedhimselftothenewmodeoflife.,b.inconflictwithotherdogs,51,Helearnttobreaktheiceonwaterholeswithhisfeetwhenhewantedtodrink.Helearnttohowtowarmhimself.,c.inconflictwithenvironment,52,predominanceinstrengthlearning