中考英语完形填空专题(PPT课件)

中考英语完形填空解题方法与技巧,Freetalk,Whatdoyouthinkofcloze(完形填空）?Isiteasyorhardforyou?,K2-thesecondhighestmountainintheworld,Whyclimb?Becauseitsthere!,Icame,Isaw,Iconquered（征服）.(byCaesar),（一）完形填空题考什么？,1、词法及词义辨析,2、固定短语搭配,3、上下文逻辑关系,4、文化背景及生活常识,一、完形填空题型分析解读,（二）河南中考完形填空题的特点,突出语篇，强调应用，注重语境。,2.辨析词义，以实词为主。,3.题材多为记叙文，叙议结合。,文化习俗科普知识著名人物幽默故事日常生活人生百味,完形填空的题材、文体分类,题材,文体,记叙议论说明,四人一组讨论2013年河南省中考英语完形填空的题材、文体和文章大意，并说出每小题的答案及解题的思路。,groupwork,Task1,2013年河南省中考英语完形填空,KingAkbarwasinthehabitofputtingriddlesandpuzzlestohispeople.Heoftenasked36whichwerestrange.Hispeoplehadtousewordsina37waytoanswerthesequestions.Onceheaskedaverystrangequestion.Helookedathispeople.38helooked,onebyonetheheadsbegantohanglowinsearchofananswer.ItwasatthismomentthatBirbalenteredthepalace.Birbal39thehabitoftheking.Heunderstoodthe40atonceandasked,MayIknowthequestionsothatIcan41forananswer?Akbarsaid,Howmanycrows(乌鸦)arethereinthiscity?42evenamomentsthought,BirbalrepliedTherearefiftythousandfivehundredandeightyninecrows,mylord.Howcanyoubeso43?”askedAkbar.Birbalsaid,Makeyoumen44,Mylord.Ifyoufindmorecrowsitmeanssomehavecometovisittheirrelatives(亲戚)here.Ifyoufind45crowsitmeanssomehavegonetovisittheirrelativeselsewhere.AkbarwaspleasedverymuchbyBirbalswiseanswer.,()36.A.questionsB.helpC.promiseD.advice()37.A.commonB.friendlyC.cleverD.silent()38.A.ThoughB.BecauseC.IfD.As()39.A.knewB.developedC.hatedD.doubted()40.A.orderB.informationC.dangerD.situation()41.A.askB.waitC.tryD.reach()42.A.BeforeB.WithoutC.ThroughD.In()43.A.smartB.braveC.fannyD.sure()44.A.catchB.discussC.countD.visit()45.A.fewerB.largerC.fasterD.older,2013河南省中考完形填空考点解析本题材为一篇幽默故事。题目设置上较注重对语篇整体理解能力和词义辨析的考查。根据语篇上下文的语意、逻辑和句法寻找线索，进行合理的推理和猜测，就能做出正确的选择。,36A【解析】考查名词意义辨析。宾语questions提示和动词ask构成动宾关系，表示“问问题”，由下一段第一句可知Akbar经常会问奇怪的问题。37.C【解析】考查形容词意义辨析。前文hadto“不得不”，提示下文用形容词clever表示“明智的；聪明的”。38.D【解析】考查连词意义辨析。下文“他的臣民们低下头寻找答案”可知前文是时间状语从句，用as引导时间状语从句表示“当时候”。39.A【解析】考查动词意义辨析。根据下句“他立刻明白了当前的形势”可知上文是伯巴勒“知道”国王猜谜的习惯。用动词knew表示“知道；了解”。40.D【解析】考查名词意义辨析。承接上文“他了解国王的习惯”，说明他明白当时的“形势”，用situation表示“情况；形势”。41.C【解析】考查动词意义辨析。动词try和for连用，tryfor表示“谋求；尝试”，和answer构成动宾关系，表示“寻找一个答案”。42.B【解析】考查介词意义辨析。下文他立刻说出了一个具体数字，和even“甚至”的提示意义说明上文是“甚至没有经过片刻的思索”，用介词without表示“无；没有”，表示否定意义。43.D【解析】考查形容词意义辨析。对于他说出的具体数字，根据常理推测，国王是询问“你如何能这么确信？”besure表示“确信的；有把握的”。44.C【解析】考查动词意义辨析。承接上文，伯巴勒回答国王的问题是“让你的臣民们数一下”，用动词count表示“数”，和上面的数字对应。45.A【解析】考查形容词比较级意义辨析。综合这两句话的意义“如果多了就是有来走亲戚的；如果少了，是去走亲戚了”可以推断空格处用fewer，表示“少”这一意义，和上句的more对应。,二、完形填空的解题方法和技巧,尽管看起来形式上有残缺（若干个空），但它的内容和语言习惯、句与句之间的衔接点、句子与段落之间的联系、段落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍或隐或现地存在于篇章之中。因此，在做完形填空题时，通读全文、明了大意、理清观点、分清层次是十分重要的一步。我们必须自始至终依托语境，注意上下文之间、词与词之间、从语法到意义的合理搭配。,原则上讲完形填空的每一道题都有暗示即clues,有的在本句中，有的在前，称为前提示，有的在后，称为后暗示,有的暗含于语篇中。,要充分利用首句的标示作用第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和预示全文大意的作用，是判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息。（when,where,who,what,how),要注意尾句的提示和总结作用,故事的结局问题的结论幽默或富有哲理的结尾,留意文章中有中文注释的词有注释的词往往对理解短文和解题有帮助。,Step1抓住首尾，了解短文,完形填空。共205词推荐做题时间10分钟,XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivitiesHisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweekanddriveshimacrosstowntopractice“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethomeIamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(专家)ofchilddevelopment“4lofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5mostofthetime，andmorethan750fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.WangItisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7orofteneatfastfood8theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydontlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.,Practice,可以推测：这篇文章是介绍青少年日常生活中过重课程安排，占用了孩子们大量的课余时间，成了影响他们健康成长的社会问题，,首句：XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivities第三段首句：“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”中文注释：anexpert(专家)尾句：Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.,撇开选项不谈，单从这些句子中，我们可以捕捉到如下信息：（1）XiaoQiang是个12岁中国男孩。（2）他有许多活动。（3）专家认为过量的课程安排是个问题。（4）孩子们需要时间休息。,Step2通读全文,把握脉络XiaoQiang，,通过跳过空格，通览全文，我们明白了大意、理清了观点、分清了层次。本文讲述了许多青少年学生在课余时间奔走于各种各样的afterschoolactivities的问题，专家呼吁Kidsneedtimetorelax.,XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivitiesHisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweekanddriveshimacrosstowntopractice“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethomeIamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(专家)ofchilddevelopment“4lofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5mostofthetime，andmorethan750fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.WangItisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7orofteneatfastfood8theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydontlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.,跳过空格通读短文：,Step3瞻前顾后，上下求索,本着先易后难的原则，先根据上下文和自己的语感，推测部分空格的可能答案，并划出语篇标志和答题暗示。然后，再结合选项逐一敲定。,完形填空。（共205词推荐做题时间10分钟）,XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivitiesHisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweekanddriveshimacrosstowntopractice“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethomeIamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(专家)ofchilddevelopment“4lofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5mostofthetime，andmorethan750fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.WangItisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7orofteneatfastfood8theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydontlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.,平行结构,1.A.takeB.takesC.tookD.hastaken2.A.sportsB.businessC.homeworkD.housework3.A.ridingB.flyingC.walkingD.driving,完形填空。共205词推荐做题时间10分钟,XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivitiesHisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweekanddriveshimacrosstowntopractice“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethomeIamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(专家)ofchilddevelopment“4lofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt46mostofthetime，andmorethan750fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.WangItisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7orofteneatfastfood8theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydontlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.,前提示,后暗示,1.A.takeB.takesC.tookD.hastaken2.A.sportsB.businessC.homeworkD.housework3.A.ridingB.flyingC.walkingD.driving,相同或相似结构,完形填空。共205词推荐做题时间10分钟,XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivitiesHisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweekanddriveshimacrosstowntopractice“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethomeIamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(专家)ofchilddevelopment“4lofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5mostofthetime，andmorethan750fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.WangItisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7orofteneatfastfood8theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydontlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.,因果关系,表达心情的形容词,应与表达心情的形容词匹配,后暗示,4.A.butB.orC.becauseD.so5.A.excitedB.interestedC.worriedD.dangerous6.A.greattimeB.fulltimeC.righttimeD.freetime,完形填空。共205词推荐做题时间10分钟,XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivitiesHisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweekanddriveshimacrosstowntopractice“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethomeIamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(专家)ofchilddevelopment“4lofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5mostofthetime，andmorethan750fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.WangItisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7orofteneatfastfood8theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydontlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.,后暗示,平行结构,7.A.slowlyB.quicklyC.quietlyD.happily8.A.onB.byC.inD.across9.A.tallerB.strongerC.olderD.better10.A.hearB.thinkC.lookD.tell,固定搭配,结合句义推测,固定搭配、语境,Step4再读文章，核查答案,将所有答案代入空格后，重新将短文复读一遍，争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。,保留解题痕迹的卷面：,XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivitiesHisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweekanddriveshimacrosstowntopractice“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethomeIamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(专家)ofchilddevelopment“4lofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5mostofthetime，andmorethan750fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.WangItisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7orofteneatfastfood8theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydontlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.,后暗示,平行结构,固定搭配,结合句义推测,固定搭配、语境,前提示,后暗示,平行结构,Step4再读文章，核查答案,将所有答案代入空格后，重新将短文复读一遍，争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。,NowwehaveconqueredK2.,具体解题步骤,1、抓住首尾，了解短文,2、通读全文，把握脉络,3、瞻前顾后，上下求索,4、再读文章，核查答案,勾划、研读首句尾句以及有中文注释的单词,打开答题窗口,了解全文。,跳过空格，速读全文，把握大意。注意文中的语篇标志，和句中的连词,捕捉关键词汇。,前后联系，先易后难。运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，划出语篇标志，找准关键词、定位词。,代入答案，再读全文，反复检查争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。,少于1分钟,约5分钟,约2分钟,约2分钟,Summary,完形填空解题技巧口诀,要想完形做得好，语篇理解最重要。语义语用是考点，逻辑关系要判断。重首尾，看提示，平行结构要注意。依语法，找搭配，根据常识来选择。做标志，找关键，先易后难看时间。按照步骤来做题，利用技巧闯难关。,信息常识，上下呼应，搭配遣词，逻辑贯通,文中无闲句，句中无闲字,特别提示：,三、解题误区,1、单纯求快忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构，试图用语言知识解决所有问题。正确的做法是在整体理解语篇的基础上结合语境选择。2、时间安排不当，在几个选项上过分纠缠，追求完美，导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。正确的做法是由易到难，合理分配时间。,Task2按照解题步骤，利用解题技巧两人小组完成2014年河南省中考模拟题，保留解题的痕迹。,首、尾句及文章中心句：关键词，提示词：,完形填空推荐圈点勾画符号：,Haveatry!,OnedaythebathroomdoorhadslammedonTimmysfinger.ThedoctoraskedifwehadfoundthetipofTimmysfinger.Hesaidtherewasasmallchanceof36itifwecouldgetittohimquickly.Pullingmyselfoutofadaze,Iranbacktothebathroom.37,ithadalreadyturnedblue.Iknewfromthelookonthedoctorsfacethatitwastoolate.Ifelthelpless,unabletotakethepainawayfrommylittleboy.Thena(n)38cametome.Iwhisperedinhisear,“Timmy,didyouknowthatlizards（蜥蜴）growtheirtailsbackandlittleboyscangrowtheirfingersbacktoo?”Timmyssoftgreeneyesgrewwide39excitement.“Theycan?”heasked,obviouslysurprisedbythethought,“And40?”Itoldhim,“Insideyourheadyouhavealittlevoicetellingyourfingerh