四六级翻译部分涉及语法点及句型

四六级翻译部分涉及语法点及句型 虚拟语气1. If 条件句， 对应主句.例如： If you knew the truth, you wouldnt/couldnt/shouldnt/mightnt keep it a secret to the public. If everything were ready, the company would invest a big sum of money in low-carbon technology development.例如： If you had taken my advice,/Had you taken my advice, you wouldnt/couldnt/shouldnt/mightnt have made such a mistake.例如： If the factory cut down on its production expenses, the sales would/could/should/might be increased. If the factory should cut down on its production expenses, 或 Should the factory cut down on its production expenses,- If the factory were to cut down on its production expenses，或Were the factory to cut down on its production expenses,-2. But for the English examination, I would / could/ should/ might go to the concert now. But for the English examination, I would / could/ should/ might have gone to the concert last Saturday. But for the English examination, I would / could/ should/ might go to the concert tomorrow. (以上句中的but for 也可用 without替换，用法同)3. wish 后虚拟（只与从句所指的时间有关，而与wish的时态无关）I wish I knew the answer. I wish I were as tall as you. (与现在事实相反的希望，事实上不知道，用did/were)Tom wishes he hadnt lost the chance. （与过去事实相反的希望，事实上已经失去，用had done)I wish she could/would/might change her mind. （与将来事实相反的希望，实际上不可能转变主意，用could/would/might/+do）4It is imperative/necessary/vital/important/natural/ strange/impossible/essential/ advisable/desirable/ fundamental that -do (be done) -Sb suggest/ advise/ propose/ require/ request /demand /desire /order /command /insist that-do (be done) -It is/was suggested/ advised/ proposed/ required /requested/ demanded/ desired /ordered/commanded/ insisted that-do (be done) -It is/was sbs suggestion/advice/ proposal/ requirement/ request/ demand/ desire/order/ command/ insistence that -do (be done) -例如：It is necessary that we (should) make everything ahead of time.(事先做好一切准备) We were all for your proposal that he (should) be sent to study further abroad. (去国外进修) The suggestion that the mayor present the prizes (颁奖) was accepted by everyone.5. lest, for fear that, in case 之后一律 （should）do 或（should）be done例如： Take good care of yourself lest you catch cold. 6. I think its high time we took strong actions against him. (对他采取强硬措施) 区分：It is the 序数词 time that -have done- 或It was the 序数词 time that -had done- 表示某人第几次做某事7. would rather 后虚拟 Id rather you picked me up at the airport today. Id rather you had picked me up at the airport yesterday.Id rather you picked me up at the airport tomorrow morning.四六级翻译部分涉及语法点及句型 部分倒装 （情态动词，be动词，助动词+主语）1. 否定副词 never, seldom, rarely, hardly, barely, scarcely, little, few, nowhere,否定意义短语under no circumstances/condition, by no means, in no way, in no case, on no account, at no time, not once, not only-, hardly-when, no sooner-than, not until-, neither-nor- 位于句首 例如：Jane never laughed，nor did she ever lose her temper.(她从不发脾气) Not once have we conducted this survey.(我们进行这种调查) By no means should we give up our plan. (我们绝不放弃计划)2. only 修饰的副词，短语，分句做状语位于句首 例如： Only recently has the organization launched this campaign.(组织开展了这项活动) Only in this way are you able to accomplish your goal.(你才能实现自己的目标) Only when your identity has been checked will you be admitted to the conference room.(允许你进入会议室)“与其说, 倒不如说” 用“rather than ”“more - than-”表达如：He is more diligent than wise./He is diligent rather than wise. 与其说他很聪明，倒不如说他很勤奋。This piece of writing is more like a news report than a short story.与其说是短篇小说，不如说是新闻报道。写作句型提出话题：Nowadays, there is a growing concern over such a phenomenon, that is,_句子_In recent days, we have to face a problem/phenomenon,_名词短语_, which is becoming more and more serious. Recently the issue of/ the problem of/the phenomenon of 名词短语has been brought into focus.分析原因：It is obvious that there are a lot of reasons accounting for this phenomenon，of which the following two may be the most important. The first reason is that 句子. Besides, 句子（原因二）. 带来危害、问题：This phenomenon may bring about serious problems. The first one is that it may hinder_. Besides,_ . The third problem is_. _名词短语_ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.（在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。）我的看法: In my opinion, it is more advisable to do than to do. 在我个人看来, 做比做更明智.From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.I cannot entirely agree with the idea that 句子 我无法完全同意这一观点. What I am in favor of is the idea that there is necessity for us to 动词短语 . It is our responsibility to 动词短语. Only in this way can we_如何应对/解决方案: It is essential that effective actions should be taken to end the situation.Although it is affected by many factors, still there are certain ways that can make the situation better. The most import is _. Another way is_. Still another one is _.Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, -(解决方法一). For another -(解决方法二). Finally, -(解决方法三)。It is high time that _. Here are