困于交通堵塞

UsefulExpressions,1.吞噬,2.困于交通堵塞,3.越洋购物旅行,4.在大多数情况下,5.使摆脱,eatinto,stuckintrafficjams,thetransatlanticshoppingexpedition,inmostcases,freesb.from,6.个人的穿着打扮,7.处理软件故障,8.除去技术发展,9.信息爆炸,10.从世界各个角落,personalgrooming,fixsoftwareglitches,technologyapart,theinformationexplosion,fromeverycorneroftheworld,UsefulExpressions,11.在整个世界学术界,12.在的推动下,13.适用于,14.预测小组,15.分配不均匀,inthewholeworldofscholarship,drivenonby,applyto,forecastinggroup,beunevenlydistributed,UsefulExpressions,After-1.useful-4,16.抚养子女,17.做有报酬的工作,18.家务杂活,19.越做越大的市场,20.家政服务,nurtureoffspring,takepayingjobs,householdchores,agrowthmarket,conciergeservices,UsefulExpressions,21.更充分地利用,makebetteruseof,22.工业革命,industrialrevolution,23.注定,bedoomedto,LanguagePoints,1.onthego:p194,introduction(infml)activeorbusyExamples:Ivebeenonthegoallweek,preparingmythesis.Iwasonthegoalldayandwenthomeatabout10oclockintheevening.,2.cope:page194,introductiondealsuccessfully(withsb./sth.difficult)Examples:Healthpsychologistsstudyhowpeoplecopewithstress.Peoplewhoattemptsuicideusuallysufferfromextremeemotionaldistressandfeelunabletocopewiththeirproblems.,3.setabout：page194introductionbegin（atask）；start（doingsth.）（usedInthepattern：setaboutsth./doingsth.;nopassive）Example:Theschoolauthoritiesmustsetaboutfindingsolutionstothecampussecurityproblems.MymomandIsetaboutclearingupaftertheguestsleft.,4.quantities/alargequantityof:largeamounts/alargeamountof(L3)Examples:Incoldweathermostanimalsmusteatlargequantitiesoffoodtoobtaintheenergyneededtocarryonnormalbodyactivities.,5.eatinto:(L6)graduallyreducetheamountof(sth.Valuable);damageordestroyExamples:Allthesecarexpensesareeatingintooursavings.Responsibilitiesathomeandworkeatintohistime.Eatoutof:吃光,6.(L11)aircraft:(pluralunchanged)vehiclewhichcanfly,forexampleanaeroplaneorahelicopterExamples:TheBoeingCompanyistheworldslargestmanufacturerofcommercialairplanesandmilitaryaircraft.,(L11)Thetroubleis,itdeliveredthem.“Deliver”meanstoprovideortobring,“them”hererefersto“horizons”.Itimpliestheunfavorableeffectoftheinventionofaircraft,thatis,people,drivenonbynewhorizons,wouldliketospendmoretimeontime-consumingjourneys.,7.(L18)inreality:inactualfact;reallyExamples:Somefamousprivateschoolsaretheoreticallyopentothepublic,butinrealityareattendedbythosewhocanaffordthefees.Heismuchsmallerinrealitythanhelooksonthetelevision.,Collocation:,acceptreality,承认事实,denyreality,否认事实,facereality,面对事实,8.(L21)multiply:increaseinnumberorquantity;addanumbertoitselfaparticularnumberoftimesExamples:Theweedsjustmultiplied,andbeforelongthegardenwasajungle.Multiplyinglargequantitiesinonesheadhasbecomealostartsincethearrivalofthecalculator.,9.(L24)burden:heavyloadExamples:manypupilsfindhomeworkaburden.Somefarmersarecomplainingabouttheheavyburdenoftaxation.,10.(L31)fraction:smallpart,bit,amountorproportion(ofsth.)Examples:Onlyasmallfractionofthepopulationlivedinthatremotearea.TheblackminersinSouthAfricausedtoearnonlyafractionofthewagespaidtowhiteminersdoingequivalentwork.,11.(L33)pourin:gointoaplacequicklyandinlargenumbersExamples:TouristspouredintoShanghaionNationalDay.manyfootballfanspouredintothestadiumtohavealookattheirfavoritefootballplayers.,pourdown,沿流下,pourfrom,从流下,pourinto,流进,(L39-41)Now,Ifindmyselfsubscribingto60or70journalsormagazinesjusttokeepmeupwithwhatamountstoaminuteproportionoftheexpandingfrontiersofscholarship.”,Itmeansthattheever-advancingdevelopmentinthenewfieldofacademy,Thepurposeofthesentenceistogiveusamorevividpictureabouttheinformationexplosion.,14.amountto:(L41)beequalto;adduptoExamples:In1959thecombinedvalueofU.S.importsandexportsamountedtolessthan9percentofthecountrysgrossdomesticproduct.Thetuitionfeeamountstotenthousandyuan.,15.minute:(L41)verysmallinsizeoramountExamples:Onlyaminuteamountofmoneyisneeded.Studiesshowthatwatercontainsminutequantitiesoflead.,minute,smalltheborderbetweentwocountriesExamples:Toopenupthespacefrontier,NASA(NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration美国国家航空和宇宙航行局)willtrytolowerthecostofaccesstoEarthorbit.OurpassportswereinspectedattheCzechfrontier.,18.(L43)prosperity:stateofbeingeconomicallysuccessful;stateofbeingsuccessfulorrichExamples:Warbringsnoprosperitytothegreatmassofordinarycitizens.,19.oblige:(L45)1.dosth.for(sb.)asafavororsmallservice(usedinthepattern:oblige(sb.)(withsth./bydoingsth.)Examples:Wearehappytooblige.Pleaseobligemebyleavingmealone.,2.force(someonetodosomething)(usu.usedinthepassivevoice),Incertaincountriesthelawobligesparentstosendtheirchildrentoschool.,obligeby,答应做使满足,obligewith,以使满足,(L46)SowesufferfromwhatWilsoncallsdiscontentwithsuperabundance-theconfusionofendlesschoice.,1.Whatdoes“superabundance”referto?2.Whatcanweinferfromthesentence?,Itreferstotheaquantityofgoodsandservices.,Thequantityofgoodsandservicesistoomuch,itisendless,andwhatsmore,itincreasesourtimestresslevels.,20-1.abundance:quantitythatismorethanenough;plenty(followedbyof)Examples:ThevisitortoOxfordhasanabundanceofsightstosee.Mostmilkconsistsofanabundanceofthemajornutrientsneededbythebodyforgoodhealth.,20-2.InabundanceExamples:Bythemid-15thcenturypaperwasavailableinabundance.Thereisstillconfusionaboutthenumberofcasualties.Wealwaysleftourmanagersofficeinastateofconfusion.Iexplainedthequestiontohimthreetimes,buttherewasstillalookofconfusiononhisface.,22.forecast:L56tellinadvance;predictExamples:Themeansofforecastingnaturaldisasters,suchasfloods,andhurricanes,haveimprovedimmenselyasscienceandtechnologyhaveadvanced.,“Itsalmostgottothepointwheretheresstressenvy.L60.,Tomakehisargumentcomprehensiveandmoreconvincing,theauthorrevealedthefactthatnoteveryoneisoverstressedthough50percentofunemployedorretiredpeopletellyoutheyneverhaveenoughtimetogetthingsdone.,这几乎到了羡慕压力的程度。,23.volunteer:L64personwhoofferstodosth.withoutbeingcompelledorpaidExamples:Somestudentsservedasvolunteerstohelptheoldanddisabledinthecommunityintheirsparetime.Thecharityagencywillrecruitvolunteerstobuildaffordablehousingforthepoor.,24.perception:L67wayofseeingorunderstandingsth.;abilitytonoticeandunderstandthingsAestheticsisabranchofphilosophyconcernedwiththeessenceandperceptionofbeautyandugliness.,Thegains,however,wereunevenlydistributed.L73,但增加的时间分配得并不均匀。,“Thegains”referstothefivehoursaweekAmericanshadgainedastheirfreetime.,25.nurture:L76careforandeducate(achild);encouragethegrowthof(sth.);nourishExamples:Parentswanttoknowthebestwaytonurtureandraisetheirchildtoadulthood.nurture表示在幼儿、幼苗的成长过程中予以细心照料、保护。feed不仅表示喂养人、动物，实际上有时表示喂入嘴中，还表示给植物提供养分。广义上，它指为任何人或物提供所需外来养分。supply表示供给所需物品。,1.Thefarmerswifefeedscattleandsheepeverymorning.2.Thegovernmentsuppliesfreebookstoschools.3.Thesearetheplantsnurturesinthegreenhouse.4.Wewanttonurturethenewproject,notdestroyit.5.Hehasalargefamilytofeed.6.HekeptmewellsuppliedwithcupsofcoffeewhileIwrotethereport.,26.offspring:L75(pluralunchanged)childorchildrenofaparticularpersonorcoupleExamples:Heredityistheprocessoftransmittingbiologicaltraitsfromparenttooffspringthroughgenes.,27.appliance:L79instrumentordeviceforaspecificpurposeExamples:Thecompanyhasoperationsinmanydifferentbusinesssectors,includinghouseholdappliances,aircraftengines,andfinancialservices.,28.distribution:L81thewayinwhichpeople,buildings,etc.arearrangedoveralargearea;theactofgivingthingstoalargegroupofpeopleordeliveringfoodstocompanies.Examples:Thestudyofanimaldistributioniscalledzoogeography.Distributionofthegoodsishandledbylocalcompanies.,29.famine:L84(instanceof)extremescarcityofgoodinaregionExamples:Toeliminatefamineandreducemalnutrition,attentionneedstofocusnotonlyonfoodproductionbutalsoonfooddistribution,consumption,andfamilyplanning.,30.widespread:L84foundordistributedoveralargeareaExamples:ThelandscapeoftheAmericanwestwasdramaticallyalteredduringthe20thcenturyasaresultofthewidespreadconstructionofdamsalongmajorrivers.Thecorrosivenatureofacidraincauseswidespreaddamagetotheenvironment.,31.provoke:L85cause(sth.)tooccurorarouse(afeelingetc.)Examples:Peoplesconcernovergeneticallymodifiedfoodhasprovokedaglobaldebatethatshowsnosignofendingsoon.TheyarguedthatNATOenlargementcouldprovokeRussianhostilityandleadtoregionalinstability.,32.avarietyof:L85alotofaparticulartypeofthingsthataredifferentfromeachotherExamples:Mystudentscomefromavarietyofdifferentbackgrounds.Thereare(is)avarietyofexcellentschoolsinthearea.Chinahasagreatvarietyofmineralresources,33.L94,streamline:make(sth.)moreefficientandeffective;giveastreamlinedfromto(sth.)Examples:Corporatemergerscanresultinjoblossesbecausemanagementcombinesandstreamlinesdepartmentswithinthenewlymergedcompanies.Someracingcarsarestreamlinedforspeedandaresingle-seated.,34.L95,growth:(processof)growing;developmentExamples:Statisticsshowthatthepaceofpopulationgrowthmaycontinuetoincrease.Industrialgrowthdependsontheavailabilityofbothfinancecapitalandphysicalcapital.,35.L96,domestic:ofthehome,householdorfamily;oforinsideaparticularcountryExamples:Policeandhospitalrecordsindicatethatthemajorityofvictimsofdomesticviolencearewomen.GDPstandsforGrossDomesticProduct.,36.forum:L101anassembly,place,radioprogrametc.forthediscussionofpublicmattersorcurrentquestionsExamples:Theschoolauthoritieswillprovideaforumwhereproblemscanbediscussed.TheproducersoftheTVprogramQuestionTimeintendedittobeaforumforpublicdebate.,37.L101,springup:appear,develop,grow,etc.quicklyorsuddenlyExamples:Newprofessionaltrainingschoolssprangupalloverthecountry.Astrongwindseemedtohavesprungupfromnowhere.,38.L106,futile:producingnoresult;useless;pointlessExamples:Itwasfutiletocontinuethenegotiations.Iknewth