名词性从句连接词的选用

名词性从句的重点、难点、考点：Who whose whom连接代词What which when where,连接词连接副词Why how that 无词义，不担任成分，有时可省略连接词whether if 是否 （不担任成分） as if 注意：连词的选用： 依据“缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。如果句子中缺主语，指人用 ，指物用； 如缺宾语，指人用 ，指物用； 如缺时间状语用；地点用 ；原因用 ；方式用 ；定语用what或which；什么都不缺用 。whether 和if （一）that 和 what的选用：What 起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分。That 只起连接作用，不充当任何成分。1._ he wants is a book.2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true ?6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7. I have no doubt _ he will come.8. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.(二） if 和whether 的选用不能使用if 的情况：a. 主语从句b. 表语从句c. 同位语从句 d. 介词后的宾语从句e. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用if to do.f .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.6. The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8. I dont know _ to go.（三）其它连接代词和副词的连用何时举行运动会还没有决定。 _ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。 I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.我不知道他长的什么样子。 I have no idea _ he looks like.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。 This is _ I left my glasses.（四）引导词that 的省略that 可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的that可省略that不可省略的情况：a. 主语从句 b.表语从句 c.同位语从句 d.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句e. 并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的,引导词that 不能省略1.I dont think _ she is coming.2.It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3.The reason is _ he is careless .4.The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5.I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.五、同位语从句的引导和辨别1.同位语从句的格式：n.+ 连接词 + 从句2.能接同位语从句的名词有：fact、idea, news, information, order, belief, suggestion, advice等.3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用 whether, what, when, where 等来引导同位语从句.1. I have no idea _ he comes from.2. He cant answer the question _ he got the money.3.He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4.I have no doubt _ he will win.5. I have some doubt _ he will win.（六） 同位语从句和定语从句的区别1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that起连接作用，在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。2.同位语从句对中 心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略.1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed.2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.1.The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.2.The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value.（七） 在表示“命令、建议、坚持、要求”的名词性从句中，要用“should+动词原形”形式，should可以省略。e.g. I made a suggestion that he (should) go there at once. I suggested that he (should) go there at once. The suggestion was that he (should) go there at once. I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令员命令部队马上出发He insisted that he _ the money and _ he _ set free. A. didnt steal , / was B. steal , that , shoud be C. didnt steal , that , should be D. steal , / was(八） 宾语从句的时态呼应1. 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态. a .他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的. He believes _ . b .请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么. Please tell me _.(九）名词性从句中一律使用陈序语气。e.g. He asked how much I paid for the violin.I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。 She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。(十) 疑问词+ever 与no matter + 疑问词的区别：疑问词+ever可以引导_或_ .Whoever breakes the law must be punished . 或：Whoever breakes the law, he must be punished . no matter + 疑问词只能引导_.No matter who breaks the law, he must be punished. (十一) 有些不可直接跟宾语从句的动词。I hate it when; I dislike it when; Id appreciate it ifI will see to it thatI hate it when people speak with their mouth full.I hate_ when the weather becomes cold because there in no heater inside . A. this B. that C. it D. so Practice: 1. It now appears _ they are in need of help. A. that B. which C. what D. how2. It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days. A. which B. what C. that D. how3. This is _ she was born. A. where B. which C. that D. what4. The question is _ we cant go there today. A. that B. what C. which D. when5. The question is _ it is worth doing. A. if B. whether C. which D. what6. The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time. A. because B. why C. that D. what7. My suggestion is _ we should turn the land into rice fields. A. what B. that C. which D. where8. His proposal is that the dam _ at the foot of the mountain. A. build B. will build C. be built D. will be built9. We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the sun. A. that B. which C. what D. whether10. We heard the news _ our team had won. A. which B. that C. what D. where11. The problem _ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided. A. which B. that C. whether D. if12. You must do well _ the teacher asks you to do. A. which B. what C. that D. where句子改错1. You can give this ticket to whomever wants to have it. 2. I dont know if to stay here or not.3. This school is no longer that it was 30 years ago.4. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is how I disagree.5. The fact he is an orphan is well known6. What surprise me most is that she doesnt even know what the difference between the two lies.7. It is happened that I was there that evening.8. The reason why I burst into tears is because I dont want to part with my mother.9. It is hard of him to work out the problem.10. My brother says that he has lived here for twenty years and he loves this city very much.中译英。1. 我想知道50年后我们的生活会是什么样子的。 _2. 我们赢得了辩论赛,话题是关于是否应该允许克隆人类。_3. 你相信那个贼去年在北京市偷了好多自行车吗？_4. 我不相信你们班长明天会来。_5. 我们队赢得了比赛，这一消息让我们很兴奋。 _答案:：what，that，that，what，what，what，that，what二：if/whether , whether, whether ,whether/if , whether , whether , whether , whether三：when ,who , what , where 四：（that），that，that，that，that （that ） that五：where, how, that, that, whether六：定语从句，同位语