2011届高考英语复习往年6年高考4年模拟试题汇编2——名词与冠词

第一节 名词与冠词第一部分 六年高考题荟萃2010年高考题1. （10安徽25）I havent seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond_A. hearing B strength C. recognition D. measure答案：C. 考点：本题考查名词辨析。解析： hearing意为“听力”；strength意为“力气；力量”； recognition意为“认出；识别；认识”； measure意为“测量；措施”。句意为“她变得认不出来了。”2.（10江西35） Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, a (n) _ of 40,000 per year.A average B number C amount D quantity答案：A.考点：考察名词。解析： a number of 许多 amount of 一般加不可数名词表金额, a quantity of 既可以加可数也可以加不可数, 但没有平均每年增加的意思。3.（10山东33）Those who suffer from headache will find they get _ from this medicine. A. relief B. safety C. defense D. shelter答案:A考点：本题考查名词在具体语境的使用。解析：句意应为“那些头痛的人会发现这种药物能使头痛缓解。”所以A项意义符合句意, relief 表示“缓解，减轻，解除”。 safety表示“安全，保险”；defense 表示“防御，防护”； shelter表示“掩蔽，保护”。4.（10天津3）James took the magazines off the little table to make for the television.A. room B. area C. field D. position答案：A. 考点：考查名词意义和用法。句意：詹姆斯把杂志从小桌子上拿下了，目的是为电视腾出空间。解析：make room for是固定搭配，意思是“为让空”的意思，其中的room是不可数名词。5.（10江苏22）The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good_.A. expectation B. reputation C. contribution D. civilization选B，reputation 表示名声而expectation是期望的意思。Contribution是贡献的意思。Civilization是文明的意思。6.（湖北21）This restaurant has become popular for its wide of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.A. division B. area C. range D. circle答案: B 考点：名词/名词短语解析：此题不仅考察学生对于四个选项的认知，更重要的是要理解句子的含义。“这家餐馆越来越出名 是由于它做的各种各样的食物适应各种类型人群。”“a range of ”强调一个系列，而“a wide range of”意为“各种各样的”。正好符合题意。从句子结构来讲，这个句子属于典型的“从句套从句”。“for”引导原因状语从句，“that”引导定语从句。 6. （10安徽22） After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide for the homeless families.A. accommodation B. occupation C. equipment D. furniture.答案: D 考点：名词解析：512的汶川地震，414玉树地震。天灾“earthquake”相信是很多考生都准备过的一个话题。所以相关词汇“accommodation”表示“住处”应该是考生们准备的系列词汇之一 这道题难度不大 ，句子结构也相对 简单。只要背过这几个词，知道“occupation”二 表示“占用”或者“工作，职业”；“furniture”表示“ 家具 ”；“e quipment”表示“设备，器材”就能选出正确答案D了。 7. （10安徽73） _(不会用)a computer makes it more difficult for him to do his academic research. (use)答案：Not being able to use/ Being unable to use/ Not being capable of using/ Being incapable of using考点：动名词解析：不会用”可以翻译成 “not be able to use”， “be unable to use” ， “be capable of using”， “be incapable of using”， 动名词化后，得出答案8. （10浙江16） The school advisers help you talk through your problem but they dont give you any direct _. A. solution B. target C. measure D. function答案：A考点：本题考查名词辨析。解析：分析四个选项：solution解决方法；target目标；measure措施；function功能。根据句意：学校的建议者们帮助你分析问题，但是他们不会给你直接的解决方法。9. （10福建21） Its good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them pleasure.A. 不填, aB. a, 不填C. the, a D. a, the答案：B考点：冠词的使用解析：good feeling并非特指，故用a；pleasure是抽象名词，无需冠词。句意为“人们喜欢上海世博会给它们的快乐，这是（一）种不错的感觉” a good feeling , 一种不错的感觉，give sb pleasure。10.（10山东22）If we sit near _ front of the bus, well have _ better view. A. 不填； the B. 不填；a C. the; a D. the；the答案：C考点： 本题考查冠词在具体语境中的使用。解析： 句意应为“如果我们坐在公共汽车的前部，就会有更好的视野。”表示“某空间内部的前部”时，front前要加定冠词the; have a good view是习惯搭配，表示“视野开阔，视野良好”之意；所以C项符合语境。11. （10江苏21） The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that_ people from all walks of life are working hard for_ new Jiangsu.A.不填； a B. 不填；the C. the； a D. the； the 选A. 第一空,来自社会各阶层的人. 是不特指,不用冠词. 第二空, 在Jiangsu 前有形容词new 因此,应加冠词a.表示一个全新的江苏12.（10辽宁22）There are over 58, 000 rocky objects in _ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto _ earth.A. the; the B. 不填; the C. the; 不填 D. a; the答案：B句意：太空中有超过58,000的岩状物体，其中大约900有可能掉到地球上。解析：考查冠词。第一空in space 是固定短语，不用冠词，第二空名词earth属于独一无二事物的名词，其前必须用定冠词。13.（10北京35）First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get _ second chance to make _ first impression. A. a; the B. the; the C. a; a D. the; a答案：A考点: 冠词解析：很多同学错在第二个空to make a first impression上了。在做题的时候不够细心，因为此题的句意是：第一印象是最持久的。总之，你永远不可能有第二个机会去再给别人留一次第一印象。本题强调的重点是第二个机会a second chance;第二次留一个第一印象，make a first impression. first为干扰因素。若句意改变为：你没有机会去改变你的第一印象You never get a second chance to change the first impression。此处再填the就合情合理了。14.（10重庆27）Everything comes with price; there is no such thing as free lunch in the world.A. a, aB. the, /C. the, aD. a, /答案D考点：考查冠词。解析： price意思是“代价”，为可数名词，第二空前边有no,后面的名词不用冠词，故选 D项。 15.（10浙江2）Many lifestyle patterns do such great harm to health that they actually speed up weakening of the human body.A. a; /B. /; the C. a; theD. /; /答案：B考点：本题考查冠词。解析：句意：许多生活方式对人类的健康有害，他们加速了人类身体的衰退。本题考查冠词，对有害用短语“do harm to”表示，中间无需冠词；之后的weakening是由动词的ing形式表示抽象的名词，表达一种概念、状况时需要加上the。16.（10四川2）In most countries, a university degree can give you flying start in life. A. the; a B. the; 不填 C.不填; 不填 D.不填; a答案：D考点：考查冠词。解析： most countries此处表泛指，most前不加定冠词the.第二个空处应为“一个高起点的开始”，故用a ,正确答案为D。 2009年高考题1. (09安徽31) China has got a good for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization.A. reputation B. influence C. impression D. knowledge答案 A2. (09福建29) The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public without any when the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April, 2009.A. delay B. effort C. schedule D. consideration答案 A 解析 名词词义辨析。delay：耽搁，延误；effort：努力；schedule：时间表；consideration：考虑，体谅；关心。题干意思是：当H1N1型2009年4月袭击墨西哥时，世界卫生组织毫不犹豫地向人们提出了警告。选A。3. (09湖北25) Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for _ building.A. respect B. friendship C. reputation D. character答案 D解析 根据常识便可知运动既可增强体质也可强健个性，不会增强尊敬或名声，友谊可以增强，但与前面health不搭配，故答案为character。4. (09湖北26) In our class, when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book, it was a _ for everyone to stand up.A. signal B. chance C. mark D. measure答案 A. 解析 根据句意可知打铃及老师合上书本，这是下课的暗示，选项中只能选择signal。chance“机会”，mark“分数，痕迹”，measure“方法，措施”。5. (09江西23) The _ shoes were covered with mud, so I asked them to take them off before they got into _ car.A. girls; Toms B. girls; Toms C. girls; Toms D. girls; Toms 答案 C 解析 名词所有格形式。根据题干后半部分的them可知对应复数girls。此题较易6. (09海南32) Encourage your children to try new things, but try not to them too hard.A. draw B. strike C. rush D. push答案 D解析 句意为：鼓励你的孩子去尝试新事物,但不要把它们太难了。push 推，挤，逼迫；strike v. 打,罢工,划燃rush v. 冲进,匆促行事,催draw v. 拉,拖,挨近,提取,画,绘制。根据句意，应选D。7. (09山东29)He says that my new car is a _ of money.Dont you think those words are just sour grapes?A. lack B. load C. question D. waste答案 D 解析 考查单词的区别：lack缺乏；load负担；question疑问；waste 浪费；根据句意，尤其是下句的sour grapes(酸葡萄)可知答案选D。8. (09陕西20) Form their _ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city.A. stage B. position C. condition D. situation答案 B 解析 名词词义辨析；stage：舞台，时期，阶段；position：位置；condition：条件，情况；situation：形式，情况；情景；根据空前的物主代词their可以推断出此处选B。题干意思是：从他们在电视塔顶部的位置，游客们可以更好地看到这个城市的景色。9. (09天津1) Im trying to break the _ of getting up too late .A. tradition B. convenience C. habit D. Leisure答案 C10(09浙江6) The system has been designed to give students quick and easy _ to the digital resources of the library.A. access B. passageC. wayD. approach答案 A11. (09安徽21) We can never expect bluer sky unless we create less polluted world. A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the 答案 A12. (09北京33) The biggest whale is _ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters longthe height of _ 9-story building. A. the; the B. a; a C. a; the D. the; a 答案 B13. (09江西25) Some people fear that _ air pollution may bring about changes in _ weather around the world. A. /; the B. the; / C. an; the D. the; a 答案 A 解析 考查冠词用法。Air pollution 是抽象名词这里是泛指，weather 这里是特指全球的气候，根据the weather around the world 可知。14. (09海南22) Lets go to cinema-thatll take your mind off the problem for whileA. the; the B. the; a C. a; the D. a ; a答案 B 解析 考查冠词的用法go to the cinema 表示具体的某地，for a while 固定搭配，表示“一会儿”。15. (09陕西6) What pity that you couldnt be there to receive prize!A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the答案 C 解析 考查冠词。第一空所填冠词与上下文构成固定句型what a pity that，用不定冠词a；第二空后名词表示表特指，用定冠词the，选C。16. (09四川14) In order to find _ better job, he decided to study _ second foreign language. A. the; a B. a; a C. the; the D. a; the 答案 B 解析 考查冠词的用法。该题的意思是：为了找到一个更好的工作，他决定再学习另外一门外语。第一空表示泛指；第二空用a +序数词+名词表示又一，再一。 7(09浙江2) I dont understand what the engineer means, but Ive got _ rough idea of _ project plan.A. the; a B. 不填; theC. the; 不填D. a; the答案 D18. (09重庆26) Washing machines made by China have won worldwide attention and Haier has become popular name.A. a; the B. /; a C. /; the D. the; a 答案 B19. (09全国14) What I need is book that contains ABC of oil painting. A. a; 不填 B. the; 不填 C. the; an D. a; the 答案 D2008年高考题1.(08全国8)Its not good idea to drive for four hours without break.A.a;a B.the;aC.the;theD.a;the答案 A解析 本题考查冠词。句意为：开车四个小时而不休息不是一个好主意。第一空“一个好主意”是泛指；without a break是习惯用法，break也是泛指。2.(08天津11)Most air pollution is caused by the burning of _ _ like coal， gas and oil. A. fuels B. articles C. goods D. products答案 A解析 coal，gas and oil均为“燃料(fuels)”。3.(08安徽24)To save some of the human languages before they are forgotten，the students in our school started a discussion“Save Our ”.A.Sky B.Life C.Arts D.Voices答案 D解析 由语境可知，此处指人类的语言，而语言是人类说的，因此用voices，而不用其他选项。4.(08江西27)Shall we go out for a walk?Sorry.This is not the right to invite me.I am too tired to walk.A.moment B.situationC.place D.chance答案 A解析 句意为：我们出去散散步好吗？对不起，这不是邀请我的合适的时间，我太累了而不想去散步。A项“某一时刻，片刻”；B项“情形，状况”；C项“地方”；D项“机会”。5.(08江西30)I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting.It is not your fault.With rush-hour traffic and heavy rain， it is no wonder you were late.A.a; a B.the; the C./; / D./; a答案 B解析 句意为：开会来晚了我非常抱歉。这不是你的错，这正是上下班的高峰期而且又下了大雨，难怪你来晚了。第一个空特指高峰时间拥挤的交通；第二个空特指双方所指的大雨。6.(08湖北21)The young man made a _ to his parents that he would try to earn his own living after graduation. A.predictionB.promiseC.planD.contribution 答案 B解析 句意为：这位年轻人向他的父母许诺说毕业之后他将努力自食其力。make a promise许诺，答应，其后的that从句为同位语从句，补充说明先行词promise的内容，其他选项不合句意。7.(08湖北22)The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly . A.atmosphere B.state C.situation D.phenomenon答案 A解析 句意为：这两个国家的最高领导人在友好的气氛中进行交谈。atmosphere气氛，氛围；state状态；situation形势，局面；phenomenon现象。8.(08湖南22) Have you heard news? The price of petrol is going up again!A.the;theB./;theC.the;/D./;/答案 C解析 句意为：你听说这消息了吗？油价又上涨了！第一空特指下文的消息，应用定冠词the；第二空后的petrol为泛指，且是不可数名词，故不用冠词。9.(08陕西10) I ate sandwich while I was waiting for 20:08 train. A. the;a B. the;the C. a;the D. a;a答案 C解析 sandwich是可数名词，且在句中首次出现，表示泛指，其前须加不定冠词；而“二十点零八分的火车”是特指的惟一的概念，故其前须加定冠词the。10.(08四川8) In the United States，there is always flow of people to areas of country where more jobs can be found.A.a;theB.the;aC.the;theD.a;a答案 A解析 句意为：在美国，总有人不断地涌入乡村地区，在那里可以找到更多的工作。a flow of表示“大量涌入（某地）”；the country/countryside表示“乡村”，与定冠词the连用。11.(08重庆27) In many places in China， bicycle is still popular means of transportation.A.a;theB./;aC.the;aD.the;the答案 C解析 the+名词表一类，后面用a修饰，指一种的方式。12.(08浙江2) _ apple fell from the tree and hit him on _ head.A. An;the B. The;the C. An;/ D. The;/答案 A解析 第一个空指一个苹果，是泛指；第二个空考查hit sb. in/on the+部位，表示“击打某人的某个部位”。13.(08浙江15) Dogs have a very good _ of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake.A. sense B. view C. means D. idea答案 A解析 a sense of smell嗅觉。句意为：狗嗅觉灵敏，经常被用来搜寻地震中的幸存者。14.(08福建32) Whats the of having a public open space where you cant eat，drink or even simply hang out for a while?A.senseB.matterC.caseD.opinion答案 A解析 本题所设的语境是：有这样一个你在那里不能吃、不能喝甚至不能动的公共开放场所有什么意义呢？sense意义；matter问题，麻烦；case情况，问题；opinion意见，看法。四个选项中只能A项符合语境。15.(08辽宁24) My neighbor asked me to go for _ walk， but I dont think Ive got _ energy.A. a;/B. the; theC. /;theD. a; the答案 D解析 句意为：我的邻居叫我去散步，但我认为我没有（那样的）力气。第一个空go for a walk为固定短语；第二个空特指散步用的力气。16.(08山东21) We went right round to the west coast by sea instead of driving across continent.A.the;theB./;theC.the;/D./;/答案 B解析 by sea经海路，by the sea在海边；表示大陆、大洋等的名词前通常加定冠词the。17.(08江苏21) Students should be encouraged to use Internet as resource.A./aB./;theC.the;theD.the;a答案 D解析 the Internet因特网，为固定搭配；as a resource“作为一种资源”，此处用a表示泛指。18.(08山东34) I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale;it was a real .A.exchangeB.bargainC.tradeD.business答案 B解析 bargain用作名词时，意为“廉价货，便宜货”，a real bargain意为“真便宜”。2004-07年高考题A组1.(07天津12) One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living . A.billsB.expensesC.pricesD.charges答案 B解析 句意为：一月1 000美元不是一笔财富，但是能帮助支付我的生活费用。A项为“账单”；B项为“花费；费用”；C项为“价格”;D项为“价格；索价”。2.(07上海43) My morning includes jogging in the park and reading newspapers over breakfast. A.drillB.actionC.regulationD.routine答案 D解析 drill操练;action行为;regulation规则，条例;routine惯例，常规。由句意可知D项正确。3.(07安徽32) The practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common in many parts of the city. A.lookB.signC.sightD.appearance答案 C解析 sight风景;look表情;sign迹象，现象;appearance出现，显露。4.(07湖北23) Despite such a big difference in towards what one eats，there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special.A.pointB.ideaC.attitudeD.sight答案 C解析 point点;意义;idea主意，念头;attitude态度，看法;sight视力。句意为:尽管对一个人的饮食的态度有着很大的不同，但是毫无疑问西方人把中国的饮食看作是某种特殊的东西。5.(07陕西12) He and his wife are of the same ;they both want their son to go to college.A.soulB.spiritC.heartD.mind答案 D解析 本题考查名词词义辨析。soul心灵，灵魂;spirit精神;heart心，心脏;mind想法，主意;be of the same mind为固定短语，意为“对看法相同，主意一样”，符合句意。6.(07浙江12) Of the seven days in a week，Saturday is said to be the most popular for a wedding in some countries.A.wayB.situationC.eventD.choice答案 D解析 句意为:在某些国家，一周的七天里星期六是举行婚礼最佳的日子。way方式，方法;situation状况，处境;event事情，事件;choice挑选，选择。根据题意，应选D项。7.(07福建31) You are always full of .Can you tell me the secret?Taking plenty of exercise every day.A.powerB.strengthC.forceD.energy答案 D解析 本题考查名词词义辨析。power权力，势力；strength力气，优势;force力，武力;energy精力;be full of energy指“精力旺盛”，符合题意。8.(07辽宁25) Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a of exercise. A.limitB.lackC.needD.demand答案 B解析 a lack of缺乏。句意为：健康问题与不良的饮食习惯和缺少锻炼密切相关。9.(06全国11) It is no arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind.A.useB.helpC.timeD.why答案 B解析 本题考查名词辨析。句意为：和比尔争辩是没用的，因为他从来不会改变主意的。应用句型Itsno use doing sth.= Its useless doing sth.。10.(06天津15) Finding information in todays world is easy.The is how you can tell whether the information you get is useful or not. A.abilityB.competitionC.challengeD.knowledge答案 C解析 句意为:在当今世界找到信息很容易，难题在于你如何判断你所获取的信息是否有用。challenge挑战，（具有挑战性或刺激性的）任务;ability能力；competition竞赛。11.(06浙江17)If you like I can do some shopping for you.Thats a very kind .A.offerB.serviceC.pointD.suggestion答案 A解析 本题考查名词的用法。offer意为“提议，提供，提出”；service服务；point意义；点；suggestion建议。句意为：如果你喜欢的话，我可以给你买点东西。那是个好的提议。12.(06福建35) Always read the on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine. A.explanationsB.instructions C.descriptionsD.introductions答案 B解析 考查名词用法。instructions说明书;explanations解释;descriptions描述;introductions介绍。13.(06湖北21) To make members of a team perform better，the trainer first of all has to know their andweaknesses. A.strengthB.benefitsC.techniquesD.values答案 A解析 考查词义辨析。此外strength表示“优势、优点”时是可数名词，其余三项与weakness(弱点)搭配不恰当。14.(06江西28) It is said that dogs will keep you for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely. A.safetyB.companyC.houseD.friend答案 B解析 题意为：据说当你感到孤独时，只要你需要，狗都会一直陪伴你。safety安全;company伙伴；house房屋；friend朋友。keep sb. company陪伴某人，根据题意选B项。15.(05辽宁27) The head office of the bank is in Beijing，but it has all over the country. A.companiesB.branchesC.organizationsD.businesses答案 A解析 本题考查名词的区别。company公司；organization组织；business商业，买卖；branch分支，分