CISG-art.21关于国际货物买卖合同公约中的迟延交付的理解

CISG-Art.21,联合国国际货物销售合同公约第二十一条关于合同订立部分的逾期承诺制度同济大学陈娜,课程内容,一、如何理解CISGart.21的含义二、CISGart.21要解决什么问题？三、在CISG中逾期承诺的法律效力四、案例分析,Article21含义,(1)Alateacceptanceisneverthelesseffectiveasanacceptanceifwithoutdelaytheofferororallysoinformstheoffereeordispatchesanoticetothateffect.(2)Ifaletterorotherwritingcontainingalateacceptanceshowsthatithasbeensentinsuchcircumstancesthatifitstransmissionhadbeennormalitwouldhavereachedtheofferorinduetime,thelateacceptanceiseffectiveasanacceptanceunless,withoutdelay,theofferororallyinformstheoffereethatheconsidershisofferashavinglapsedordispatchesanoticetothateffect.,第二十一条,（1）逾期承诺仍有承诺的效力，如果要约人毫不迟延的口头或者书面的将此种意见通知被要约人。（2）如果载有逾期承诺的信件或其他书面文件表明，它是在传递正常、能及时送达要约人的情况下寄发的，则该项逾期承诺具有承诺的效力，除非要约人毫不迟延的口头或书面通知被要约人：他认为他的要约已经失效。,2CISGart.21要解决的问题是什么？,2.1CISGart.21规定的是，逾期承诺的效力问题。,2CISGart.21要解决的问题是什么？,2.2什么是逾期承诺？接受要约的通知在要约人规定的时间内，如果没有规定时间，在一段合理的时间内，未送达要与人。CISGArt.18（2）接受要约于表示同意的通知送达要约人时生效。如果表示同意的通知在要约人所规定的时间内，如未规定时间，在一段合理的时间内，未送达要约人，承诺无效，但须适当的考虑交易的情况，包括要约人所使用的通讯方法的迅速程度。对口头要约必须立即接受，但情况有别者不在此限。,2CISGart.21要解决的问题是什么？,2.3逾期承诺的原因(Univ.Prof.Dr.PeterSchlechtriem)AccordingtoArticle21,acontractcanbeformeddespitealateacceptance.AsintheGermanCivilCode(150(1),149)andULF(Article19(1)and(2),thereisadifferencebetweenanacceptancesentlate(latedispatch)andonesentontimebutwhicharriveslate(latearrival)becauseofanunforeseendelayinthetransmission.,2CISGart.21要解决的问题是什么？,回顾：Aart.21规定的问题：逾期承诺的效力B什么是逾期承诺？C逾期承诺的原因是什么？-latedispatch-latearrival,3CISGart.21是如何规定逾期承诺的效力的？,3.1对第一款的分析art.21(1)Alateacceptanceisneverthelesseffectiveasanacceptanceifwithoutdelaytheofferororallysoinformstheoffereeordispatchesanoticetothateffect.,3CISGart.21是如何规定逾期承诺的效力的？,-字面意思逾期承诺有效，但是必须符合以下条件：由要约人确认逾期承诺有效；要约人毫不迟延的通知被要约人；用口头或者书面的方式通知；通知的内容为逾期承诺仍有承诺的效力。-分析A逾期承诺原因：latedispatchB逾期承诺的效力：有效-CISGart.21(1)要约人确认的情况无效-CISGart.18(2)要约人没有确认的情况,3CISGart.21是如何规定逾期承诺的效力的？,C逾期承诺alateacceptance与反要约acounter-offer（byManz,Vienna）differsslightlyfromthetheoryfoundinmanycountriesthatalateacceptancefunctionsasacounter-offer.Underthisparagraph,asunderthetheoryofcounter-offer,acontractisconcludedonlyiftheoriginalofferorinformstheoriginaloffereeofhisintentiontobeboundbythelateacceptance.However,underthisparagraphitisthelateacceptancewhichbecomestheeffectiveacceptanceasofthemomentofitsreceipt,eventhoughitrequiresasubsequentnoticetovalidateit.Underthecounter-offertheoryitisthenoticebytheoriginalofferorofthisintentionwhichbecomestheacceptanceandthisacceptanceiseffectiveonlyuponitsarrival.,3CISGart.21是如何规定逾期承诺的效力的？,3.2对第二款的分析Ifaletterorotherwritingcontainingalateacceptanceshowsthatithasbeensentinsuchcircumstancesthatifitstransmissionhadbeennormalitwouldhavereachedtheofferorinduetime,thelateacceptanceiseffectiveasanacceptanceunless,withoutdelay,theofferororallyinformstheoffereethatheconsidershisofferashavinglapsedordispatchesanoticetothateffect.,3CISGart.21是如何规定逾期承诺的效力的？,逾期承诺的原因：latearrival逾期承诺有效，条件是：ithasbeensentinsuchcircumstancesthatifitstransmissionhadbeennormalitwouldhavereachedtheofferorinduetime逾期承诺无效（作为前一句有效的例外），条件是：由要约人确认逾期承诺无效；要约人毫不迟延的通知被要约人；用口头或者书面的方式通知；通知的内容为逾期承诺不具有承诺的效力。,3CISGart.21是如何规定逾期承诺的效力的？,小结：Univ.Prof.Dr.PeterSchlechtriemAccordingtoArticle21,acontractcanbeformeddespitealateacceptance.AsintheGermanCivilCode(150(1),149)andULF(Article19(1)and(2),thereisadifferencebetweenanacceptancesentlateandonesentontimebutwhicharriveslatebecauseofanunforeseendelayinthetransmission.Inthefirstcase(latedispatch),theofferorcanconcludethecontractbysoinformingtheofferee.Thisnotice,however,doesnotconstitutetheacceptanceofacounter-offer;thedateofthecontractdependsonwhentheacceptancewasreceived,eventhoughitwasreceivedlate.Inthesecondcase(latearrival),theacceptancebecomeseffectiveonarrivalandthusconcludesthecontract,unlesstheofferorprotestsorallyorinwriting(Article21(2)=ULFArticle19(2),3CISGart.21是如何规定逾期承诺的效力的？,Lateacceptance,Latedispatch,Latearrival,Effective,Noteffective,Noteffective,Effective,withoutdelaytheofferororallysoinformstheoffereeordispatchesanoticetothateffect,Art.18(2),ithasbeensentinsuchcircumstancesthatifitstransmissionhadbeennormalitwouldhavereachedtheofferorinduetime,withoutdelay,theofferororallyinformstheoffereethatheconsidershisofferashavinglapsedordispatchesanoticetothateffect,4案例,4.1甲向乙发出要约，出售一批货物，规定乙2月1日以前给予答复。乙由于自己的疏忽，其承诺通知发出时间为2月2日到达时间已是2月5日。此时该货物市场价格已大幅上涨，甲不想将货物卖给乙。甲怎么做？但如果2月5日该货物市场价格不变或有所下降，甲想将货物卖给乙。这时甲