book-3-unit-1-period-3-language-point.ppt

辨析:takeplace,happen,occur,breakout,comeabout,takeplace”“发生，举行，举办”相当于不及物动词,没有被动语态,指事先计划或预想到的事情的发生。音乐会将于下周四举行。TheconcertwilltakeplacenextThursday.2)happen也是不及物动词,没有被动语态,指一切客观事物或情况的偶然或未能预见的发生,可和to连用happen(not)todosth碰巧做某事或接that引导的从句。他碰巧读过那部小说。Hehappenedtohavereadthenovel.,Languagepoints,3)occur为不及物动词,意为“发生;出现；突然想起”,既可指某事偶然发生,也指某事按计划发生,所指的时间和事件比较准确。当以具体事物作主语,并且是某事偶然发生时,可与happen互换。固定搭配sthoccur(s)tosb/itoccurs/occurredtosbthat意为“某人突然想起”许多事故是发生在家里的。Manyaccidentsoccurinthehouse.我突然想到，他并没有认出我。Itoccurredtomethathedidntrecognizeme.4)breakout仅用于负面场合,常用于灾难,战争,疾病之类事情的突然发生,同样也不用于被动句中。发生了大火/战争爆发了。Thefire/warbrokeout.,5)comeabout“发生，产生”属于中性词组,可用于表达正面事情的发生或表达负面事情的发生。多指事情已经发生了，但还是不知道为什么。常用于疑问句或者否定句。你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？Canyoutellmehowtheaccidentcameabout？当母亲醒来时，她并不知道发生了什么事情。Whenmotherwokeup,shedidntknowwhathadhappened.,高考链接,1.(陕西高考.2010）Itneveroccurredtome_youcouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.whichwhatC.thatD.if,高考链接,1.(甘肃省天水一中阶段考试时.Pleasetellmehowtheaccident_.IebycomeuponC.cometoD.comeabout,高考链接,1.(江西重点一模.2010）Ifmybrotherlivedheretoday,hewouldbesurprisedbywhat_hereinthecity.hadhappenedhadbeenhappenedC.hashappenedD.hasbeenhappened,2.Festivalsandcelebrationsofallkindshavebeenheldeverywhere.,ofallkinds各种各样的,allkindsof各种各样的thesamekindof相同种类的differentkindsof不同种类的this/thatkindof这(那)种akindof某种,Thatkindofquestionisverydifficulttoanswer.=Questionsofthatkindaredifficulttoanswer.那类问题是很难解答的。Wesellallkindsofshoes.=Wesellshoesofallkinds.我们卖各式各样的鞋。Youcanseedifferentkindsofanimalsinthezoo.=Youcanseeanimalsofdifferentkindsinthezoo.你在动物园可以看见不同种类的动物。,Booksofthiskind_(sell)wellinthebookstore.Thiskindofbooks_(sell)wellinthebookstore.句中谓语动词的单复数由“books”确定。句中的谓语动词由“kind”确定。,sell,sells,Practice,3.Atthattimepeoplewouldstarveiffoodwasdifficulttofind,especiallyduringtheclodwintermonths.在那个时代,如果食物难以找到,特别是在寒冷的冬月,人们就会挨饿。starvev.1)挨饿;饿死;饿得要死Millionsofpeoplestarvedtodeathduringthewar.战争中数百万人挨饿至死。,2)tofeelveryhungry感觉很饿,仅用于进行时态Whenwillthedinnerbeready?Imstarving.晚饭什么时候做好?我快饿死了。starvetodeath饿死starvetodosth/for渴望做/得到starvesbofsth使某人得不到某事物（而受苦）bestarvedofsth缺乏，渴望，急需starvationn.U饿死,高考链接,（济南模拟.2011）Theplant_lightanddied.wasstarvedofB.starvedofC.starvedD.wasstarved,4.orsatisfytheancestors,whocouldreturneithertohelportodoharm.或使祖先得到满足,因为祖先们有可能回到世上(给人们)提供帮助,也可能带来危害。1)satisfyvt.满足,使满意;satisfysb.satisfieda.感到满意的;besatisfiedwithsatisfyinga.令人愉快的,令人满意的satisfactionn.满意;toonessatisfactionsatisfactorilyad.满意地satisfactorya.令人满意的Theteacherwassatisfiedwithhissatisfying/satisfactoryanswer.,高考链接,1.(东北联考.2011Agoodstorydoesnotnecessarilyhavetohaveahappyending,butthereadermustnotbeleft_.unsatisfiedunsatisfyingC.tobeunsatisfyingD.beingunsatisfied,5.thiswillleadtheancestorsbacktoearth.leadto领往;使得出(结论)leadto通向;引起,导致请把客人领到会客室去。Pleaseleadthegueststothereception-room.条条道路通罗马。AllroadsleadtoRome.吸烟会引起健康问题。Smokingcanleadtohealthproblems.,6.Halloweenalsohaditsorigininoldbeliefsaboutthereturnofthespiritsofdeadpeople.万圣节也源自人们古老的信念,认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。1)originn.起源;由来,可用做可数名词或不可数名词,通常用作复数形式ThetraditionhasitsoriginsintheMiddleAges.这个传统发源于中世纪。originaladj原先的，最早的，最初的n原物originallyadv最初，最先,高考链接,1.（厦门模拟.2011）Whenyoutalkaboutapersons_,youarereferringtothecountry,race,orsocialclassoftheirparentsorancestors.originB.nationalityC.generationD.relative,2)beliefn.信任;信心;信仰。religiousbeliefs宗教信仰Severalmembersholdverystrongpoliticalbeliefs.有些成员有着强烈的政治理念。,7.Itisnowachildrensfestival,whentheycandressupandgototheirneighbourshomestoaskforsweets.万圣节如今成了孩子们的节目,这天他们可以乔装打扮上邻居家要糖吃。dress做动词(vt)时,既可指动作，也可指状态，不接clothes之类的表示衣服的名词,而是接人做宾语,意思是“给穿衣服”。当表示自己穿衣服时,则用反身代词。做名词时，意为“女装,连衣裙(C)，衣服(U)”如:Wakeupchildrenanddressthem.唤醒孩子,给他们穿上衣服。,dress的过去分词常用来构成getdressed与bedressed短语,前者表示动作,后者表示状态,穿何种衣服,则用介词bedressedin(red,yellow).如:Hurryupandgetdressed.快点穿上衣服。Thegirlwasdressedinred.这个女孩穿着一身红衣服。dressup“穿上最好的衣服”,常指“打扮,化装”Youshoulddressupwhenyoutakepartintheparty.,getdressed=getchanged换好衣服（）bedressedin一般接衣服Hurryupandgetdressed.快点穿上衣服。Thegirlwasdressedinred.这个女孩穿着一身红衣服。dressup“盛装打扮”,常指“打扮,化装”Youshoulddressupwhenyoutakepartintheparty.,1.puton表示穿衣服的动作，如Heputonthecoatandwentout.2.wear表示穿戴的状态，可用于衣服，首饰，帽子，眼镜，留胡须等，还可指代某种表情，意义广泛。Heisshortandwearingglasses.3.dress既可指状态，也可指动作，接人做宾语，或者用于bedressedin结构中。4.haveon表示状态，但不用于进行时态。Shehadadressonyesterday.,Sheis_inredtodayandlooksverybeautiful.A.wearingB.havingonC.dressingD.dressed,D,Itsreportedthatshewillappear_asajudgeinthemovie.A.todressB.dressingC.dressedD.beingdressed,9.gather搜集,集合,聚集可作及物动词,不及物动词,名词。如:经理召集了全体选手.Themanagergatheredalltheplayers.,gather,collect的用法区别二者都含有“收集;聚集”的意思。1)gather是常用词,指收集,聚集,集合在一起。Thecloudsaregathering.云在聚集。2)collect指有计划,有选择地收集。Hecollectsstamps.,10.awardn.奖,奖品v.判给,授予awardsb.sth.奖赏某人某物辨析:award和rewardaward后接双宾语awardsb.ametal授予某人奖章reward奖赏,给报酬,不能接双宾语;rewardsb.forsth.因奖赏、犒劳某人；rewardsb.withsth.用某物酬劳/奖赏某人Sherewardedherselfwithacupofcoffeeafterawholemorningshardwork.一上午的刻苦学习后,她冲一杯咖啡来奖赏自己。,11.admirev.意为“赞赏;钦佩;羡慕;赞美;夸奖”表示“在某方面钦佩某人”用“admiresb.forsth.”Wealladmirehimforhiscourageandbravery.我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。13.lookforwardto(doing)sth.期待着(做)某事,其中的to是介词,而不是动词不定式符号。ChildrenarelookingforwardtoSpringFestival.Heslookingforwardtohearingfromhispenpal.他期待着笔友来信。,12.dayandnight意为“日夜;昼夜;整天”，在句中常用作时间状语,也可表达为nightandday.,Heworkeddayandnightinordertopayoffthedebt.为了还清债务,他日日夜夜地工作。,Hermotherisill.Shehastotakecareofherdayandnightinthehospital.他妈妈病了,她必须整天在医院里照顾她。,15.clothing衣服anarticleofclothing一件衣服awolfinsheepsclothing披着羊皮的狼,辨析:cloth,clothes,clothing,cloth指做衣服等用的材料,如布料,毛料,丝绸等,不可数。“一块布料”是apieceofcloth.,注意:cloth指具体用途的布时,可与冠词连用。atablecloth一块桌布adishcloth一块擦碗布,2)clothes指具体的衣服,包括上衣,裤子等,不能与不定冠词或数词连用,但可与物主代词,指示代词,少数不定代词连用。clothes作主语时,谓语用复数形式。Hewearsfineclothes.他穿着很讲究。,3)clothing是衣服,服装的总称,是集合名词。作主语时候,谓语都用单数形式。如果要表示“一件衣服”时,可以说anarticleofclothing或apieceofclothing,但不能用asuitofclothing那家商店卖童装。Theshopsellschildrensclothing.,高考链接,1.（江苏模拟.2011）Itisurgentthatfoodand_shouldbesenttothesuffers.clothingB.clothesC.clothD.dresses,13.asthough好像Hetreatshiseldersisterasthough/ifshewereastranger.你们看起来像是互相认识。Youlookasthoughyouknoweachother.asthough=asif,引导方式状语从句或者表语从句，当从句表示假设或者一种不大可能的事时，从句采用虚拟语气，具体用法如下：,2）如果asif/asthough后的从句所诉的是真实的或极有可能的发生或存在的事实时，该从句不用虚拟语气而用真实语气。Itsoundsasifitisraining.3)asif/asthough后面从句中的主语如果和主句主语相同，而且谓语动词有be,则从句的主语