定语从句和同位语从句

定语从句1. They visited the house where Zhou Enlai once lived and worked.1 定语从句2 Zhou Enlai once lived and worked in the house.3 先行词 the house 在定从中充当地点状语，所以用where连接； 译文：他们去参观了（周恩来曾经居住和工作过的）房子。2. This is the house which/that was bought last year by my uncle.1 定语从句2 The house was bought last year by my uncle.3 先行词 the house 在定从中充当主语，所以用which或that连接； 译文：这就是（去年我舅舅买下来的）房子。3. I will never forget the day when I met you for the first time.定语从句 I met you for the first time on the day.先行词the day在定从中充当时间状语，所以用when连接； 译文：我永远不会忘记（第一次见到你的）那一天。4. I will never forget the day which/that we spent together.定语从句 We spent the day together.先行词the day在定从中充当spent的宾语，所以用which/that连接； 译文：我永远不会忘记（我们在一起度过的）那一天。5. Yesterday I met Tom, whose father is a doctor.定语从句 Toms father is a doctor.先行词Tom在定从中充当定语Toms，所以用whose连接； 译文：我昨天遇到了汤姆，（他的）爸爸是一个医生。6. He bought a telescope through which he could study the sky.定语从句 He could study the sky through a telescope.先行词a telescope指“物”在定从中充当介词through的宾语，因为through提前到了从句前面，所以用which连接； 译文：他买了一架望远镜，通过它可以研究天空。7. He has two daughters, both of whom dance well.定语从句 Both of the two daughters dance well.先行词the two daughters指“人”，在定从中充当介词of的宾语，所以用whom连接； 译文：他有两个女儿，两个都很会跳舞。8. The reason why he was late was unknown.定语从句 He was late for the reason.先行词the reason在定从中和介词for构成原因状语，所以用why或for which 连接； 译文：（他迟到的）原因不明。同位语从句1. There remains a doubt among the public whether the medicine is safe enough for children. 同位语从句 从句解释或说明“名词a doubt”的内容 从句不缺任何成分，但缺“是否”的意思，用whether连接。 译文：公众仍然有一个疑惑：这种药对孩子是否足够安全。2. There arose the question where we could get the loan. 同位语从句 从句解释或说明“名词the question”的内容 从句缺少地点状语：we could get the loan _. 用where连接。 译文：现在的问题是我们去哪里弄到这笔贷款。3. Weve just heard a warning on the radio that a typhoon may be on its way. 同位语从句 从句解释或说明“名词a warning”的内容 从句不缺任何成分：a typhoon may be on its way. 用that连接。 译文：我们刚刚从收音机听到一个警告，台风可能就要来了。4. We were excited at the news that our Chinese athletes won many gold medals. 同位语从句 从句解释或说明“名词the news”的内容 从句不缺任何成分：our Chinese athletes won many gold medals. 用that连接。 译文：我们的运动员获得了很多的金牌，听到这个消息，我们都很兴奋。5. The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody. 同位语从句 从句解释或说明“名词the fact”的内容 从句不缺任何成分：he succeeded in the experiment. 用that连接。 译文：他试验取得了成功，这个事实让大家很高兴。 同位语从句通常由that引导，有时也可用 whether, who, what, why , when等引导，具体看同位语从句缺少什么成分。常见的后接同位语从句的名词有：fact / news / idea / reason /hope / belief / truth / dream / problem / advice / suggestion / thought / order / doubt / answer /question / reply等。先把从句划出来，再判断是属于什么从句，说明连接词在从句中充当的成分，并翻译句子。1. They are familiar with the opinion that all matter consists of atoms.2. The opinion that the professor showed meant all matter consists of atoms.3. I think of an idea that all of you will agree with.4. I have no idea whether he will come or not.5. The plan that he raised was reasonable.6. The plan that you will go there next week has to be changed.7. The news that he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.8. The news that he told me yesterday was true.9. The reason why he could not go there was that his grades were too low.10. The reason that he was allergic to alcohol couldnt convince the lawyer.11. I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich.12. Sally made a promise that pleased all of us.选择题1. My friend showed me round the town, _was very kind of him. A. which B. that C. where D. it 2. A person _ e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e-mails.A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever3. _is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What4. _is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. It B. As C. What D. That5. Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office.A.which B.thatC.this D.it6. We are living in an age _ many things are done on computer. A. which B. that C. whose D. when7. Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which8. She brought with her three friends, none of _ I had ever met before.A. them B. who C. whom D. these9. What the doctors really doubt is _my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when B. how C. whether D. why10. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _ wanted to buy it.A.none of themB.both of them C.none of whom D.neither of whom11. Mary wa