不定代词的用法69686.ppt

高三英语总复习语法系列训练,一些重要的不定代词的用法,代词的分类,1.人称代词：有主格、宾格、所有格（含形容词性和名词性两种所有格）2.反身代词:myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselvesthemselves3.指示代词:this,that,these,those4.疑问代词:who,whom,what,which,5.相互代词:eachother,oneanother6.不定词:some,any,all,both,none,one,each,either,neither,other,another,something,anything,nothing,anyone,anybody,someone,somebody,nobody7.关系代词(用于定语从句）who,whom,whose，that,which,as,人称代词,不定代词有both,either,neither,one,theother,another,little,few,some,any,each,every,no,none等，从实际应用和理解出发，重点学习以下几个：(一)both,either,neither(二)one,another,theother(三)little,alittle,few,afew(四)some/any,no/none,each/every,many/much,both,either,neither,both为“两者都”，neither为“两者都不”，either为“两者之一”。作主语：1)Both(ofthem)enjoytherice.2)Neither(ofus)isadoctor.3)Either(ofyou)willgo.注意：作主语时，both后面的谓语动词用复数。neither,either后面的谓语动词一般用单数形式。,作定语：1)BothZhangHuasfatherandmotherworkinahospital,butneitheroneisadoctor.2)Youmaytakeeitherapple.,作宾语：1)Ilikebothofthetoysverymuch.2)Theboycouldfindneitherofthemandwentaway.3)Youmayplanteitherinthestreet.,both还可作同位语，它们句中的位置是在动词be，助动词或情态动词的后面，但在实义动词前面。Theyarebothingoodhealth.2)Theywillbothgothere.3)Theybothagreedtotakepartinthebirthdayparty.,either可作副词用于否定句，表示“也”，相当于肯定句中的“too”。Thisisnotmine.Thatisnot,either.这不是我的，那也不是。neither表示“也不”的时候，常用在倒装的结构形式中：Idontliketoplayfootball.Neitherdoeshe.Shehasntgotabike.NeitherhaveI.,注意，either和or,neither和nor，notonlybutalso连接两个并列主语时谓语动词根据就近原则如：1)BothZhangandWangaregoodstudents.2)Eitheryouorheisright.3)NeitherhenorIamascientist.,one,another,theother,1.one常用来作代词，替代前文所出现的可数名词，表示人或物，以避免重复。Ihaventgotaballpen.Illhavetobuyone.Heisonetothinkmoreofothers.2.theother,another都可解释为“另一个”。other加上定冠词用于两者中的另一个，another指三者以上中的另一个。,Hewastwobrothers.Oneisadoctor,theotherisateacher.Idontlikethisone,showmeanother,please.Ivejustboughtthreethings.Oneisawalkman,anotherisapocketcalculator,thethirdisavideogame.,3.another还有“再”的意思，Haveanothercupofcoffee,please.Shecouldhavetostayhereforanotherweek.4.other有“另外”的含义。例如：Wherearetheotherstudents?Theboyismuchclevererthantheothertwo.,分述三个或三个以上的人或物时,其句型是oneanotherthethirdthefourthShehasfourbooks.oneisanEnglishbook,anotherisahistoryone,thethirdisaphysicsone,andthefourthisapicture-book.,5.others和theothers表示复数的泛指和特指。例如：Intheparksomeareplayinggames.Othersarewalkingneartheriver.Ihavefivecolourpencils.Oneisred,anotherisblueandtheothersaregreen.,6.therest也可作“其余的”解释。它用作主语时注意谓语动词的单复数。例如：TherestofhislifewasspentinAmerica.他的余生是在美国度过的。Hehaseightbooks.TwoareinEnglish.TherestareinChinese.,little,alittle,few,afew,1.little与alittle修饰不可数名词，little“很少”，否定的意思，alittle作“少许”、肯定的意思，Inthiswaytheycanmakethetripwithjustalittlemoney.Thereislittleleft,isthere?2.few,afew用来修饰可数名词，前者表示否定，后者表示肯定。,AfewofusspeakEnglishwell.Therewerefeweggsinthefridge,sohewenttothesupermarketandboughtsome.3.few作主语时，谓语动词仍用复数，Fewmenknowthis,dothey?4.常用词组有quiteafew(好几个)，onlyafew(只有一些)，notafew(很多)。HestudiedChineseforquiteafewyears.,some,any,no,none,each,every,many,much,（1）some和any:some(一些，某个)句中可作主语、宾语、定语等，常用于肯定句。作定语时，它可修饰可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词是单数时，some表示“某个”的意思。例如：Therearesomenewspapersonthetable.Haveyouanyquestions?Yes,Ihavesome.Ihavereadthatinsomemagazine.,当说活者表示提议、请求或期望得到肯定回答时，在疑问句中也可用some。例如：Wouldyoulikesometea?Couldyoulendmesomemoney?any“一些”用法相同于some,但多用于疑问句、否定句或条件从句。例如：Isthereanyinkinyourpen?Putupyourhandsifyouhaveanyquestions.,注意：1.any用于肯定句中有“任何一个”解。常用于比较级句子中。Tomrunsfasterthananyotherboyinhisclass.Tomrunsfasterthananyoftheotherboysinhisclass.2.some,any,every,no可以与body,thing,one构成合成代词，这些代词都作单数看待，表示人或物,Somethingiswrongwithmybike.Somebodyisaskingtoseeyou.Nobodyisabsent.Ifyouwantanything,callme.,（2）no和none:none(没有一个，全不，都不)是名词性的不定代词，可作主语和宾语，常和of短语连用，不以作定语。none作主语代替不可数名词时，谓语用单数形式。代替可数名词时，谓语用单、复数均Noneofusis/arefromBeijing.Noneofthemoneyismine.none与all相对，有“全不”“全部”的含义，因此all是全肯定，none是all的全部否定，但都指三者以上的人或物。,Weallmademistakes.Noneofuswascorrect.no是形容词性的不定代词，只能用作定语，可修饰可数和不可数名词。no等于nota或notany加上名词。Ihavenomoney.Ihavenotanymoney.noone相当于nobody，意为没有人，谓语用单数。,（3）each和every：each(每个，各自的)强调个体，可作主语、宾语、定语、同位语。every(每个，一切的)相当于all，强调整体，只能作定语。Eachboyhasadictionary.Everyboyhasadictionary.注意：every构成的常用词组everyotherday每隔一天/everyotherfivedays每隔五天everyotherline每隔一行/everyfivedays每五天,（4）many和much：many修饰可数名词的复数，谓语用复much修饰不可数名词，谓语用单数，它们可用在肯定句、否定句和疑问句中，还可在肯定句中作主语或修饰主语。例如：Somuchfortoday.Therearemanybusesandcarsinthestreet.,注意many已被alotof,alargenumberof,agreatmany所代替。much已被alotof,plentyof,agooddealof,agreat(large)quantityof所代替。Plentyof,alotof/lotsof用于肯定句。,some,any,no,every组合的复合不定代词.,当主句中的主语是指人的复合不定代词如everybody,everyone,anyone等时,其反意疑问句的主语通常是代词they;当主句中的主语是指物的复合不定代词如everything,anything,something,nothing等时,其反意疑问句的主语通常是代词it.Everybodyishere,arentthey?Everythingisready,isntit?,当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词something,everything,everyone等时,形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Weneedonemorehelper.Canyoufindanyoneelse?,everyone的意思等同与everybody,只能指人;everyone既可指人也可指物,还可以和of短语连用.Everyone/EveryonelikesMary.Ihavekepteveryoneofherletters.,1._ofthemknewabouttheplanbecauseitwaskeptasecret.A.EachB.AnyC.NooneD.None2.Wecouldnteatinarestaurantbecause_ofushad_moneyonus.A.all;noB.any;noC.none;anyD.noone;any3.Thereisatreeon_sideofthestreet.A.everyB.allC.eitherD.both,4.Thereisadeskon_sideoftheroom.A.bothB.eitherC.allD.every5.WhichsidecanIsitontheboat?Ifyousitstill,youcansiton_.A.everysideB.allsidesC.bothsidesD.eitherside6.Itissaidthat_ofhisparentshavegonetoBeijing.A.allB.everyC.bothD.either,7.Somestudentsareabsent-minded,_ofthemheardwhattheteachersaid.A.allB.noneC.everyD.notall8.Is_here?No,BobandTimhaveaskedforleave.A.anybodyB.somebodyC.everybodyD.nobody9.Theywereallverytired,but_ofthemwouldstoptotakearest.A.anyB.someC.noneD.neither,10.CanyoucomeonMondayorTuesday?Imafraid_dayispossible.A.eitherB.neitherC.someD.any11.Ifyouwanttochangeforadoubleroomyoullhavetopay_5.A.anotherB.otherC.moreD.each,12.Isthereanyonewhocandothejob?.A.NoneB.NooneC.NotoneD.Notmanyones13.Iwantedsomewater,buttherewasinthebottle.A.noneB.noC.anyD.nothing14.TomandMaryhavearrived,butstudentsinyourclassarenthereyet.A.otherB.othersC.theotherD.theothers15.DoSeptemberandAprilhavethirtydays?A.everyB.neitherC.eachD.all,16.ofusisactiveinEnglishclass.A.EveryB.EveryoneC.EveryoneD.Anybody17.WehaveEnglishclassesday,Mondays,WednesdaysandFridays.A.eachotherB.everyotherC.