(高三一轮复习市级公开课)现在分词与过去分词区别(苏州市五中许文燕).ppt

-byXuWenyanSuzhouNo.5HighSchool,非谓语动词Non-predicateVerb,Bytheendofthislesson,weshouldbeabletohaveagoodcommandofthedifferencebetweenpresentparticipleandpastparticiplehowtosolvenon-predicateproblems,1.老师进了实验室，后面跟着一些学生。(伴随状语)A.Theteacherenteredthelab,followingsomestudents.(杨同学）B.Theteachercomingintothelab,agroupofstudentsfollowed.(施同学）,2.尽管受到了父母的鼓励，他仍然没有信心克服困难。（省略although,though，让步状语）Gettheencouragementfromparents,hestillhavenoconfidencetoovercomethedifficulties.(汤同学）B.Hehasnoconfidencetosolveproblems,beenencouragedbyparents.(杨同学）,3.他们切断了电源，及时阻止了一场火灾。（结果状语）Theycutoffelectricitytostopafireintime.(秦同学）,非谓语,Infinitive不定式(to)do,Participle分词,Gerund动名词（-ing)aswimmingpool,过去分词(-ed)Pastparticle,现在分词(-ing)Presentparticipleaswimmingboy,非谓语动词分类,动词-ing形式,非谓语动词的句法功能,表语,宾补,定语,状语,现在分词与过去分词的区别,非谓语动词复习,1、作定语时,单个的分词作定语时一般前置（位于被修饰的词之前），分词短语作定语时后置。,Doyouknowthecryingboy?Wearetryingourbesttocatchupwiththedevelopedcountry.Doyouknowtheboycryingunderthetree?ThestudentsarediscussingabookwrittenbyLuXun.,1、作定语时,Themeetingheldlastweekisveryimportant.2.Tellthechildrenplayingtherenottomakesomuchnoise.,被动关系,主动关系,Whatsthedifferencebetween-ingandedformusedasanattribute?,Reflection1,现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生或与谓语动作同时（或基本同时）发生，与所修饰的词是主动关系或主谓关系及物动词的过去分词作定语表完成或被动的动作，与所修饰的词是被动关系或动宾关系；不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表完成不表被动的动作。,Tips,aretiredworker退休工人,Thereisanotepinnedtothedoor_whentheshopwillopenagain.(2014山东，6）A.sayingB.saysC.saidD.havingsaid2.AnnieSalmon,disabled,isattendedthroughoutherschooldaysbyanurse_toguardher.（2014浙江，14）A.toappointB.appointingC.appointedD.havingappointed,2、作表语时（跟在系动词后）,现在分词多表示主语所具有的特征或属性；过去分词多表示主语所处的状态。现在分词表示“令人的”，过去分词表示“感到”.常见的分词有：,amazed/amazing,excited/exciting,bored/boring,annoyed/annoying,interested/interesting,tired/tiring,surprised/surprising,worried/worrying,satisfied/satisfying,amused/amusing,1.Thenewswas_.(excite)2.Heappeared_withmyanswer.(satisfy)3.Fromhis_voiceonthephoneIknoweverythingisgoingunderway.(satisfy),exciting,satisfied,satisfied,InApril，thousandsofholidaymakersremained_abroadduetothevolcanicashcloud.(2010福建，34）AstickingBstuckCtobestuckDtohavestuck,3、作宾语补足语时,取决于分词与宾语的关系：主动关系，用doing被动关系，用done。例如,1.Ifoundthempaintingthewindows.2.Ifoundthewindowspainted.,主动关系,被动关系,（现在分词表主动、进行）,（过去分词表被动、完成）,1.Themanagerwassatisfiedtoseemanynewproducts_aftergreateffort.（2014四川5)A.havingdevelopedB.todevelopC.developedD.develop2.Ilookedupandnoticedasnake_itswayupthetreetocatchitsbreakfast.(2012四川,8)AtowindBwindCwindingDwound,4、作状语时,Seenfromthemoon,theearthlookslikeablueball.Seeingnobodyathome,heleft.,被动关系,主动关系,分词的选取：取决于分词与句子主语的关系：主动关系，用doing被动关系，用done,1.Anyone,once_positiveforH7N9fluvirus,willreceivemedicaltreatmentfromourgovernment.(2013福建，32）A.tobetestedB.beingtestedC.testedD.totest2._animportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason,youwillregretitsoonerorlater.(2012江苏,31)A.BaseB.BasedC.BasingD.Tobase,1._theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.(2014广东)A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.Havingnotcompleted,注意,1).现在分词的一般式与完成式：,一般式：doing表示非谓语动作与谓语动作几乎同时发生。完成式：havingdone表示非谓语动作与谓语动作有着先后顺序。,_nearlyallourmoney,wecouldntaffordtostayatahotel.(2014江西，31）HavingspentB.TospentC.SpentD.Tohavespent,练习1.Watchingtelevision,_.(05全国)A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellrings,2).分词作状语的基本原则：,分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。当非谓语动作的主语不是句子的主语时，必须加上其自己的逻辑主语，这种结构成为独立主格结构。,Thelecture_,alivelyquestion-and-answersessionfollowed.(2014江苏，29）A.beinggivenB.havinggivenC.tobegivenD.havingbeengiven,3）独立成分作状语,有些分词作状语时，其形式的选用不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分或插入语。常见的有：,generally/frankly/strictlyspeaking一般而言/坦率地说/严格地说judgingfrom/by根据来判断considering/takingintoconsideration考虑到；鉴于supposing/providing/providedthat如果comparedwith/to与相比,例如Judgingfromhisaccent,heisfromthesouth.Consideringyourhealth,youdbetterhavearest.,非谓语动词解题四大步骤,二.找逻辑主语,三、分析语态,四、分析时态,一.辨别“谓与非谓”,非谓语动词解题步骤,方法总结：谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态,_manytimes,buthestillcouldntunderstandit.,2._manytimes,hestillcouldntunderstandit.,A.HavingbeentoldB.BeingtoldC.HehadbeentoldD.Thoughhewastold,C,_,A,注意连词,Attention:,3.It_ahotday,wedbettergoswimming.,4._arainyday;wedecidednottogothere.,isB.tobeC.beingD.ItbeingE.ItwasF.been,C,E,注意标点符号,tense:,1.Thebuilding_nowwillbearestaurant.,2.Thebuilding_nextyearwillbearestaurant.,3.Thebuilding_lastyearisarestaurant.,havingbeenbuiltB.tobebuiltC.beingbuiltD.built,_,C,_,B,_,D,二.找逻辑主语,三、分析语态,四、分析时态,一.辨别“谓与非谓”,非谓语动词解题步骤,方法总结：谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态,Homework:,1)Successmeans_(非常努力地工作).2)Johnmeant_(开车去那儿，但他的车出了故障).3)Iheardhim_(在跟他的母亲谈话).4)Iheardhim_(跟他的母亲谈了一个小时).5)