英语直接引语和间接引语PPT课件

Directspeech,直接引语,用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫_。,间接引语,直接引语通常都用_括起来，,引号“”,直接引语变为间接引语就是写成,宾语从句,DirectSpeech直接引语,IndirectSpeech间接引语,Shesaid,“Ilikesinging.”Shesaid,“Iamwaitingforabus.”Shesaid,“IvisitedEuropelastyear.”,Shesaidshelikedsinging.,Shesaidshewaswaitingforabus.,ShesaidshehadvisitedEuropetheyearbefore.,直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用that引导宾语从句.用say(tome),tell,think,wish,hope,see,believe,agree,expect,hear,feel引述。连词that只起连接作用，不做句子成分，也无词汇意义，常被省略。从句中的人称、时态、等相应变化.,、人称的变化,一随主,二随宾,第三人称不变,引号内的第一人称变间接引后与主句主语的人称保持一致,引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致,引号内的第三人称在变间引后人称不变,Shesaid,“IlikeTennis.”,Shesaidthatshelikedtennis.,HesaidtoLily,“youmustgetupearly.”,HetoldLilythatshemustgetupearly.,Shesaidtome,“Theywanttohelphim.”,Shetoldmethattheywantedtohelphim.,一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新,直接引语,间接引语,一般现在时,任何时态,现在进行时,过去进行时,一般过去时,过去完成时,现在完成时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,Theteachersaid,“Thesunisbiggerthantheearth.”,Theteachersaidthatthesunisbiggerthantheearth.,注:直引若是客观真理,变为间引时,时态不变.,时态变化,2,.,7,宾语从句的时态1)如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。如：Hetellsmethathissistercamebackyesterday.2)如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要，选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。Thechildrendidntknowwhohewas.3)如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如：Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.老师说地球绕着太阳转。,直接引语,间接引语,指示代词,时间状语,地点状语,方向性动词,this,these,that,those,now,then,today,thatday,thisweek,thatweek,yesterday,thedaybefore,lastweek,theweekbefore,tomorrow,thenext/followingday,nextmonth,thenext/followingmonth,here,there,come,bring,go,take,情态动词,can,may,must,could,might,hadto,解题步骤:,1.陈述句,“Idontlikecomputers,”Sandysaidtoherfriends.,Sandysaidtoherfriends,that,said,didnt,she,Sandysaidtoherfriendsthatshedidntlikecomputers.,.,10,1“Inevereatmeat.”hesaid.Hesaidthat_never_meat.2.“Ihavefoundmywallet.”hesaidtome.He_methathe_wallet.3.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.”Theteachersaidthatthesun_intheeastand_downinthewest.4.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive.”hesaid.5.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”6.“Imgladtogetyoure-mail.”Hesaidtome.,直接引语是疑问句，变间接引语时，要把疑问语序变为陈述语序。用ask引述，直接引语是一般疑问句,用if或whether连接“是否”Whether,if在从句中不做成分，一般情况下，whether和if可以替换。在介词之后用whether.：Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney。在具有选择意义，与ornot连用时，往往用whether例：Idontknowwhetherthemoviestarwillcomeornot.,2.一般疑问句:Isiteasytoworkouttheproblem?(Theyaskedhim),Theyaskedhim,if,Itiseasytoworkouttheproblem.,itiseasytoworkouttheproblem.,asked,is,was,Theyaskedhimifitwaseasytoworkouttheproblem.,.,13,直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。由wh-引导的宾语从句。连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,和连接副词when,where,why,how等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分。宾语从句的语序，无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，,3.特殊疑问句：Whendoyouharvestthewheat?(Theyaskedhim),Theyaskedhim,when,youharvestthewheat,youharvestthewheat.,he,harvested,Theyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat.,.,15,1.“Doyouknowwhereshelives?”heasked.Heasked_knewwhereshe_.2.“Areyouinterestedinthis?”hesaid.He_Iwasinterestedin_3.Doyougotoschoolonfoot?IsaidtoMike.4.Isyourmotheraworker?Sheaskedme.5.DoesMarystudyhard?Hewantstoknow.6.Heasked,“Howdoyoufindit,mother?”Heaskedhermother_it.7.“Whereareyouthesedays?”heasked.Heaskedme_thesedays.,直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定前加tell,ask,order,advise等动词的宾语。注意：否定句，在动词不定式前加not或never.,DirectSpeech,IndirectSpeech,Thepolicemanorderedustobequiet.,Thepolicemanordered:“Bequiet.”,Theteachertoldtheboytoopenthewindow,Theteachersaidtotheboy,”Openthewindow.”,.,18,宾语从句与简单句的交换由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时，可以用“疑问词+不定式”做宾语的简单句结构。例Hedidntknowwherehewouldlive.Hedidntknowwheretolive.,.,19,1.Jacksaidtome,“Youlookworriedtoday.”Jacktoldmethat_worried_.A.helookstodayB.youlooktodayC.welookedthatdayD.Ilookedthatday,ExerciseII,.,20,2.Wesaidtoher,“Theyrewalkingthroughthestreetnow.”Wetoldherthat_throughthestreet_.A.wewerewalkingthenB.youarewalkingnowC.theywerewalkingthenD.theywalkingnow,.,21,3.MrBlacksaid,“Ihavewalkedalongwaythisweek.”MrBlacksaidthat_alongway_.A.IhadwalkedlastweekB.hehadwalkedthatweekC.IwalkedlastweekD.hehaswalkedthisweek,.,22,4.Themanthought,“Ishalltakeitbacktomorrow.”Themanthoughtthat_takeitback_.A.IshalltomorrowB.IshallthenextdayC.heshouldtomorrowD.hewouldthenextday,.,23,5.Theysaidtous,“Areyouafraidtoleavethishouse?”Theyaskedus_afraidtoleave_house.A.thatwerewethisB.thatwewerethatC.ifwerewethisD.ifwewerethat,.,24,6.Janesaid,“Whatdidhehearaboutaweekago?”Janeasked_about_.A.thatheheardaweekagoB.wha