一般过去时现在完成时区别及练习题

现在完成时与一般过去的区别1.两个时态的侧重点不同现在完成时强调的是过去的动作对现在的影响，它和现在有密切的联系。一般过去时强调的是动作发生的时间、地点，不涉及对现在的影响。Shehas seen the film before. 她看过这部电影。（强调她已经看过了）Shesaw the film last night. 她昨晚看了这部电影。（强调时间是昨晚）Mr Greenhas bought a new computer. 格林先生买了一台新电脑。(强调格林先生现在有了一台新电脑)Mr Greenbought a new computer yesterday. 格林先生昨天买了一台新电脑。(强调买新电脑的时间是昨天)2.两个时态的时间状语不同。现在完成时常与already，yet，just，ever，never，before等副词以及“for+一段时间”，“since+过去时间/从句”等时间状语连用。不能单独与表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时则常与“一段时间+ago”，just now，yesterday，last week等表示过去时间的状语连用。Mikehas lived in Beijing for 5 years. 麦克在北京住了五年了。（强调已经住了五年）Mikelived in Beijing 5 years ago. 五年前麦克住在北京。（强调时间点是五年前）Lucyhas justcalledyou. 露西刚打过电话给你。（强调已经打过电话了）Lucycalled you just now. 露西刚才给你打了电话。（强调打电话的时间是刚刚）注意点：现在完成时的常用句型1. It is the first / second time. that结构中的从句部分用现在完成时.It was the second time that the girlhad been late. 这是女孩第二次迟到了。It is the first time that Ihave visited the Great Wall. 这是我第一次游览长城。2.This is the that结构,that从句要用现在完成时.This is the best film thatIve (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。This is the first time (that)Ive obtained a scholarship. 这是我第一次获得奖学金。练习题1. A. 用 already或 yet1) Have they taken down the old pictures _? No, they havent_.2) Most of us have finished our compositions _.3) He said he hadnt visited the exhibition _. B.用 since或 for1) We have learned five lessons _ the beginning of this term.2) Mrs Liao has been in hospital _ last week.3) I have stayed at my aunts _two weeks.C. 用have gone或 have been1) Where are the boy students? They _ to the school factory.2) Is your father in? No, he _ to Shenzhen. _ he ever _ there before ? Yes, he _ there several times3) He asked me if I_ to Hangzhou before. I told him that I wanted to go there for a visit as I _ never _ to that city before. 2. 选择填空1. Mother _ me a new coat yesterday. I _ it on. It fits me well. A. had madehave tried B. madehave tried C. has madetried D. madetried2 “He _to draw horses already”. “When _ he ?” “Last year”. A. learnedhas B. learneddid C. has learnedhas D. has learneddid3. Tom _up into the tree. Look, he _ high up there ! A. has gotis B. has climbedwas C. got was D. climbedis4. _ you _ the text yet ? Yes, we _ it two hours ago. A. Didcopydid B. Havecopiedhave C. Havecopieddid D. Did copyhad5. “Why _ she _ angry ?” “Because he _ at her just now .” A. didgetshouted B. hasgotshouted C. didgethas shouted D. hasgothas shouted6. _you _ the film before ? Where _ you _ it ? A. Have seendidsee B. Did seedidwatchD. Haveseenhaveseen D. Did seehaveseen7.You _ me waiting for two hours. I _ for you since five. A. keptwaited B. have keptwaited C. kepthave waited D. have kepthave waited8.Where _ John _ ? To the library. He _ there for an hour. A.hasbeenhas gone B. hasgonehas been C. didgowent D. didbewent9._ the baby still _ ? No, it _ crying. A. Hascriedhas stopped B. Iscryingstopped C. Did crystopped D. Iscryinghas stopped10. I _ the way. I _ here for quite many years. A. knewhave lived B. knewlive C. knowhave lived D. knowlive11. _ you ever _ America ? Yes, I have. A. Havegone to B. Havegone in C. Havebeen to D. Have been in12. My brother _ college for over three years. A. has gone to B. has been to C. has been in D. has been at13.He _ the Army by the end of 1989. He _ in the army since then. A. joinedis B. has joinedhas been C. had joinedisD. had joined has been14. By the time I _ back they _ up ten satellites. A. camehave sent B. camehad sent C. comehave sent D. had comesent15. Jack _ over five lessons by seven oclock. Then he _ a rest. A. wenttook B. wenthad taken C. had gonetook D. had gonehad taken16. We _ out by that time that he _ a spy for a long time. A. had foundhad been B. had foundwas C. foundhad been D. foundwas17. Before the news _ him, he _ to know about it. A. reacheshas got B. reachedhad got C. reachedgot D. had reachedgot18. I _ him a second letter before I _ from him. A. wroteheard B. wrotehad heard C. had writtenheard D. have writtenhear19. People _ that the soldiers _ fighting. A. sayhad stopped B. saidhas stopped C. saystopped D. saidhad stopped20. We _ in a good harvest because we _ enough rain. A. didnt gethad hadB. gothad hadC. had gothad had D. gothadnt had21. They _ for five hours when they _ in New York. A. flewarrived B. had flownhad arrived C. flewhad arrived D. had flownarrived22. She _ that it _ for two days by that day. A. sayshas rained B. sayshad rained C. saidhad rained D. saidrained23. John _ there since the year before, so he _ them. A. had workedknew B. had workedhad known D. workedknew D. workedhad known24. He _ angry because he _ for a long time. A. had gothad waited B. gotwaited C. had gotwaited D. gothad waited25. I have seen the film “Titanic” already. When _ you _ it？ The day before yesterday. A. have；seen B. will；see C. did；see D. did；seen 26. Mr Black _ in China since five years ago. A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is going to live 27. We _ trees last Sunday. So far we _ over 3，000 trees there. A. planted； plant